الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
مسائل الحدودIssues of Hudud (Prescribed Punishments)
بَابُ حَدٍ مَنِ ارْتَدَّ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَمَا جَاءَ فِي الزَّنَادِقَةِ
Chapter: The Punishment for One Who Apostatizes from Islam and What Has Been Reported Regarding the Heretics
Hadith 6641
عَنْ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَدِمَ عَلَى أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ بِالْيَمَنِ فَإِذَا رَجُلٌ عِنْدَهُ قَالَ مَا هَذَا قَالُوا رَجُلٌ كَانَ يَهُودِيًّا فَأَسْلَمَ ثُمَّ تَهَوَّدَ وَنَحْنُ نُرِيدُ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ مُنْذُ قَالَ أَحْسَبُهُ شَهْرَيْنِ فَقَالَ وَاللَّهِ لَا أَقْعُدُ حَتَّى تَضْرِبُوا عُنُقَهُ فَضُرِبَتْ عُنُقُهُ فَقَالَ قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّ مَنْ رَجَعَ عَنْ دِينِهِ فَاقْتُلُوهُ أَوْ قَالَ مَنْ بَدَّلَ دِينَهُ فَاقْتُلُوهُ
Sayyiduna Abu Burdah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that Sayyiduna Abu Musa Ash’ari (may Allah be pleased with him) was in Yemen and Sayyiduna Mu’adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) came to him. There was a man with him. Sayyiduna Mu’adh (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: Who is this? The people said: This man was a Jew, then he became a Muslim, and now he has become a Jew again. It has been two months that we have been demanding from him to adhere to Islam. Sayyiduna Mu’adh (may Allah be pleased with him) said: By Allah! I will not sit until you strike his neck. So he was killed. Then he said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had given this ruling: Whoever leaves his religion or changes his religion, kill him.
Hadith 6642
عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ أَنَّ عَلِيًّا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أُتِيَ بِقَوْمٍ مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ الزَّنَادِقَةِ وَمَعَهُمْ كُتُبٌ فَأَمَرَ بِنَارٍ فَأُجِّجَتْ ثُمَّ أَحْرَقَهُمْ وَكُتُبَهُمْ قَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ فَقَالَ لَوْ كُنْتُ أَنَا لَمْ أُحْرِقْهُمْ لِنَهْيِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَقَتَلْتُهُمْ لِقَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ بَدَّلَ دِينَهُ فَاقْتُلُوهُ وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا تُعَذِّبُوا بِعَذَابِ اللَّهِ
It is narrated from ‘Ikrimah that some heretics were brought to Sayyiduna ‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), and they had their books with them. Sayyiduna ‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) first ordered a fire to be kindled, so a fire was lit, then he burned them and their books. When Sayyiduna Ibn ‘Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) learned of this incident, he said: If I had been there, I would not have burned them, because the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade burning. However, I would have killed them, because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever changes his religion, kill him. Also, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Do not punish people with the punishment of Allah the Exalted.
Hadith 6643
(وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) أَنَّ عَلِيًّا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ حَرَّقَ نَاسًا ارْتَدُّوا عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ فَقَالَ لَمْ أَكُنْ لِأُحَرِّقَهُمْ بِالنَّارِ وَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا تُعَذِّبُوا بِعَذَابِ اللَّهِ وَكُنْتُ قَاتِلَهُمْ لِقَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ بَدَّلَ دِينَهُ فَاقْتُلُوهُ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ عَلِيًّا كَرَّمَ اللَّهُ وَجْهَهُ فَقَالَ وَيْحَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ
. (Second chain) Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) burned some people who had apostatized from Islam with fire. When Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) learned of this incident, he said: If I had been there, I would not have burned them with fire, because the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Do not punish people with Allah’s punishment. I would have killed them, because the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Whoever changes his religion, kill him. When Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) learned of this, he said: Woe to Ibn Abbas.
