الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
أبواب الديةChapters on Blood Money
بَاب مَا جَاءَ فِي الْعَاقِلَةِ وَمَا تَحْمِلُهُ
Chapter: What Has Been Reported Regarding the 'Aqilah and What They Bear
Hadith 6612
عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ كَتَبَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى كُلِّ بَطْنٍ عُقُولَهُ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ كَتَبَ أَنَّهُ لَا يَحِلُّ أَنْ يُتَوَالَى وَقَالَ رَوْحٌ يَتَوَلَّى مَوْلَى رَجُلٍ مُسْلِمٍ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had it written that it is obligatory for every branch of the tribe to pay blood money, and he also had it written that it is not permissible for anyone to become a guardian of another without permission. The words of the narrator Ruh are: It is not lawful for a (freed) slave of a Muslim man to appoint anyone else as his guardian without his permission.
Hadith 6613
عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَى أَنْ يَعْقِلَ عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ عَصَبَتُهَا مَنْ كَانُوا
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with both of them) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) decreed that the 'asaba (male agnates) of a woman will pay her blood money, whoever they may be.
Hadith 6614
عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ اقْتَتَلَتِ امْرَأَتَانِ مِنْ هُذَيْلٍ فَرَمَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا الْأُخْرَى بِحَجَرٍ فَأَصَابَتْ بَطْنَهَا فَقَتَلَتْهَا وَأَلْقَتْ جَنِينًا فَقَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِدِيَتِهِمَا عَلَى الْعَاقِلَةِ وَفِي جَنِينِهَا غُرَّةٌ عَبْدٌ أَوْ أَمَةٌ فَقَالَ قَائِلٌ كَيْفَ يُعْقَلُ مَنْ لَا أَكَلَ وَلَا شَرِبَ وَلَا نَطَقَ وَلَا اسْتَهَلَّ فَمِثْلُ ذَلِكَ بَطَلَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَمَا زَعَمَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ هَذَا مِنْ إِخْوَانِ الْكُهَّانِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that two women from the tribe of Huzail fought with each other. One of them struck the other with a stone, which hit her in the abdomen, and that woman was killed along with her unborn child. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) decided that her blood money would be paid by her 'Aqilah, and the blood money for the unborn child would be a male or female slave. A man said: The child who neither ate, nor drank, nor spoke, nor cried—thus, its killing is invalid and wasted. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: He seems to be a brother of soothsayers and astrologers.
Hadith 6615
عَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ ضَرَّتَيْنِ ضَرَبَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا بِعَمُودِ فُسْطَاطٍ فَقَتَلَتْهَا فَقَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالدِّيَةِ عَلَى عَصَبَةِ الْقَاتِلَةِ وَفِيمَا فِي بَطْنِهَا غُرَّةٌ فَقَالَ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ أَتُغَرِّمُنِي مَنْ لَا أَكَلَ وَلَا شَرِبَ وَلَا صَاحَ فَاسْتَهَلَّ فَمِثْلُ ذَلِكَ بَطَلَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَسَجْعَ كَسَجْعِ الْأَعْرَابِ وَلِمَا فِي بَطْنِهَا غُرَّةٌ
Narrated from Sayyiduna Mughirah bin Shu’bah (may Allah be pleased with him) that two co-wives fought with each other. One of them struck the other with a tent pole and killed her. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered the family of the killer to pay blood money (diyah), and for the unborn child in the womb of the deceased, he ruled for a slave man or woman as compensation. A Bedouin said: “Are you imposing blood money for a child who neither ate nor drank, nor made a sound, nor cried? Such a child should be without any compensation.” The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Is this rhyming like the Bedouins? (Whatever anyone may say,) the blood money for the child killed in the woman’s womb must be a slave man or woman.”
Hadith 6616
عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ غُلَامًا لِأُنَاسٍ فُقَرَاءَ قَطَعَ أُذُنَ غُلَامٍ لِأُنَاسٍ أَغْنِيَاءَ فَأَتَى أَهْلُهُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالُوا يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ إِنَّا نَاسٌ فُقَرَاءُ فَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ عَلَيْهِ شَيْئًا
Narrated by Sayyiduna Imran bin Husain (may Allah be pleased with him): The slave of poor people cut off the ear of the slave of rich people. The owner of the latter came to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and complained, but the owners of the slave who cut the ear said: O Messenger of Allah! We are poor people, we have nothing. So, you did not impose any blood money upon them.
