الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
أبواب الديةChapters on Blood Money
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي دِيَةِ الْجَنِينِ
Chapter: What Has Been Reported Regarding the Blood Money for the Fetus
Hadith 6605
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ امْرَأَتَيْنِ مِنْ بَنِي هُذَيْلٍ رَمَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا الْأُخْرَى فَأَلْقَتْ جَنِينًا فَقَضَى فِيهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِغُرَّةٍ عَبْدٍ أَوْ أَمَةٍ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, that one of the two women of Banu Huzail struck the other with a stone, causing her fetus to miscarry. The Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, ruled that the blood money (diyah) for the fetus would be a male or female slave.
Hadith 6606
(وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) قَالَ قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الْجَنِينِ بِغُرَّةٍ عَبْدٍ أَوْ أَمَةٍ فَقَالَ الَّذِي قَضَى عَلَيْهِ أَيُعْقَلُ مَنْ لَا أَكَلَ وَلَا شَرِبَ وَلَا صَاحَ وَلَا اسْتَهَلَّ فَمِثْلُ ذَلِكَ يُطَلُّ فَقَالَ إِنَّ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ لَقَوْلُ شَاعِرٍ فِيهِ غُرَّةٌ عَبْدٌ أَوْ أَمَةٌ
(Second chain) The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, ruled that the blood money (diyah) for a fetus (janin) is a male or female slave. The one upon whom this ruling was made said: "Will blood money be given for one who has neither eaten nor drunk, nor cried out, nor made a sound? Such a soul is wasted." But the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "These are the words of poets. I am saying that for a fetus, the blood money is a male or female slave."
Hadith 6607
عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَى لِحَمْلِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ الْهُذَلِيِّ بِمِيرَاثِهِ عَنِ امْرَأَتِهِ الَّتِي قَتَلَتْهَا الْأُخْرَى وَقَضَى فِي الْجَنِينِ الْمَقْتُولِ بِغُرَّةٍ عَبْدٍ أَوْ أَمَةٍ قَالَ فَوَرِثَهَا بَعْلُهَا وَبَنُوهَا قَالَ وَكَانَ لَهُ مِنْ امْرَأَتَيْهِ كِلْتَيْهِمَا وَلَدٌ قَالَ فَقَالَ أَبُو الْقَاتِلَةِ الْمُقْضَى عَلَيْهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كَيْفَ أَغْرَمُ مَنْ لَا صَاحَ وَلَا اسْتَهَلَّ وَلَا شَرِبَ وَلَا أَكَلَ فَمِثْلُ ذَلِكَ بَطَلَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ هَذَا مِنَ الْكُهَّانِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna ‘Ubada bin Samit (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave a verdict for Haml bin Malik Hudhali to inherit from his wife, who had been killed by his other wife. Also, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) decreed that the blood money (diyah) for the killed fetus would be a slave woman or a slave man. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The son and husband of the murdered woman will be her heirs. Haml bin Malik had children from both wives. The father of the murderess, who had to give a slave man or a slave woman, said: O Messenger of Allah! How can I pay the blood money for one who neither cried nor shouted, nor drank nor ate? Such a soul is wasted. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: This is from among the astrologers.
Hadith 6608
عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي عَقْلِ الْجَنِينِ إِذَا كَانَ فِي بَطْنِ أُمِّهِ بِغُرَّةٍ عَبْدٍ أَوْ أَمَةٍ فَقَضَى بِذَلِكَ فِي امْرَأَةِ حَمْلِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ النَّابِغَةِ الْهُذَلِيِّ وَأَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا شِغَارَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave the verdict of a slave or a slave-girl as compensation (diyah) for a fetus. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave this same verdict regarding the wife of Haml bin Malik bin Nabighah al-Hudhali. Also, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: There is no shighar in Islam.
Hadith 6609
عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ حَدَّثَ عَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ عَنْ عُمَرَ أَنَّهُ اسْتَشَارَهُمْ فِي إِمْلَاصِ الْمَرْأَةِ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمُغِيرَةُ قَضَى فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالْغُرَّةِ فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ إِنْ كُنْتَ صَادِقًا فَأْتِ بِأَحَدٍ يَعْلَمُ ذَلِكَ فَشَهِدَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَى بِهِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Mughirah bin Shu’bah (may Allah be pleased with him) that Sayyiduna ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) consulted regarding the case when a woman miscarries (due to someone’s blow or injury) before the due time. Sayyiduna Mughirah bin Shu’bah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had given the verdict that a slave man or woman must be given (as compensation). Sayyiduna ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to Sayyiduna Mughirah (may Allah be pleased with him): If you are truthful, then present a witness who knows about this matter. Then Sayyiduna Muhammad bin Maslamah (may Allah be pleased with him) testified that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had given this very verdict.
