الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
أبواب القصاصChapters on Retaliation
بَابُ لَا يُقْتَلُ مُسْلَمُ بِكَافِرٍ ، وَمَا جَاءَ فِي قَتْلِ الْحُرِ بالعبد
Chapter: A Muslim is not killed for a disbeliever, and what has been reported regarding killing a free man for a slave
Hadith 6548
عَنْ أَبِي جُحَيْفَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَأَلْنَا عَلِيًّا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ هَلْ عِنْدَكُمْ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَيْءٌ بَعْدَ الْقُرْآنِ قَالَ لَا وَالَّذِي فَلَقَ الْحَبَّةَ وَبَرَأَ النَّسَمَةَ إِلَّا فَهْمٌ يُؤْتِيهِ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ رَجُلًا فِي الْقُرْآنِ أَوْ مَا فِي الصَّحِيفَةِ قُلْتُ وَمَا فِي الصَّحِيفَةِ قَالَ الْعَقْلُ وَفِكَاكُ الْأَسِيرِ وَلَا يُقْتَلُ مُسْلِمٌ بِكَافِرٍ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hujayfah (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: We asked Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) whether the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) gave you anything besides the Holy Qur'an? He said: No, by Him Who split the grain and created the soul! He gave us nothing except the understanding and insight which Allah grants to a man in the Qur'an, or that which is in this scroll. I asked: What is in it? He said: The issues of blood money (diyah), freeing a captive, and that a Muslim will not be killed in retaliation for a disbeliever.
Hadith 6549
عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ تَتَكَافَأُ دِمَاؤُهُمْ وَهُمْ يَدٌ عَلَى مَنْ سِوَاهُمْ يَسْعَى بِذِمَّتِهِمْ أَدْنَاهُمْ أَلَا لَا يُقْتَلُ مُؤْمِنٌ بِكَافِرٍ وَلَا ذُو عَهْدٍ فِي عَهْدِهِ
Narrated by Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The blood of the believers is equal among themselves, they are united in cooperation against their enemies, even the lowest-ranking Muslim has the right to the covenant of all Muslims. Beware! A believer will not be killed in retaliation for a disbeliever, and no dhimmi will be killed during his covenant.
Hadith 6550
عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَى أَنْ لَا يُقْتَلَ مُسْلِمٌ بِكَافِرٍ زَادَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ وَدِيَةُ الْكَافِرِ نِصْفُ دِيَةِ الْمُسْلِمِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) decreed that a Muslim will not be killed in retaliation for a disbeliever. In another narration: The blood money for a disbeliever is equal to half the blood money for a Muslim.
Hadith 6551
عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ سَمُرَةَ بْنِ جُنْدُبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَنْ قَتَلَ عَبْدَهُ قَتَلْنَاهُ وَمَنْ جَدَعَهُ جَدَعْنَاهُ قَالَ يَحْيَى ثُمَّ نَسِيَ الْحَسَنُ بَعْدُ فَقَالَ لَا يُقْتَلُ بِهِ
Narrated by Sayyiduna Samurah bin Jundub (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever kills his slave, we will kill him in retaliation, and whoever cuts off a limb of his slave, we will cut off his limb as well. After this, the narrator Hasan forgot and said: The master will not be killed in retaliation for the slave.
Hadith 6552
وَمِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ سَمُرَةَ أَيْضًا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ وَمَنْ أَخْصَى عَبْدَهُ أَخْصَيْنَاهُ
(Second chain) It is narrated from Sayyiduna Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever castrates his slave, we will castrate him in retribution.
