الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
مسائل القتل والجرائم الأخرى وأحكام الدماءIssues of Killing, Other Crimes, and Blood Laws
أَبْوَابُ مَا يَجُوزُ قَتْلُهُ مِنَ الْحَيَوَانِ وَمَا لَا يَجُوزُ¤بَابُ الأمْرِ بِقَتْلِ الْفَوَاسِقِ مِنَ الْحَيَوَان
Chapters on what animals may be killed and what may not; chapter on the command to kill harmful animals
Hadith 6481
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((خَمْسٌ فَوَاسِقُ يُقْتَلْنَ فِي الْحَرَمِ: الْعَقْرَبُ، وَالْفَأْرَةُ، وَالْحُدَيَّا، وَالْكَلْبُ الْعَقُورُ، وَالْغُرَابُ)) وَفِي لَفْظٍ: ((الْغُرَابُ الْأَبْقَعُ))
Narrated by Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: There are five harmful and wicked animals that should be killed even in the Haram: the scorpion, the mouse, the kite, the rabid dog, and the crow. In another narration: the crow with mixed colors.
Hadith 6482
عَنْ وَبْرَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِقَتْلِ الْفَأْرَةِ وَالْغُرَابِ وَالذِّئْبِ، قَالَ: قِيلَ لِابْنِ عُمَرَ: فَالْحَيَّةُ وَالْعَقْرَبُ؟ قَالَ: قَدْ كَانَ يُقَالُ ذَلِكَ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered the killing of the mouse, the crow, and the wolf. Someone asked Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both): Should the scorpion and the snake also be killed? He said: The same has been said about them as well.
Hadith 6483
وَمِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((خَمْسٌ لَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِ وَهُوَ حَرَامٌ، أَنْ يَقْتُلَهُنَّ: الْحَيَّةُ وَالْعَقْرَبُ وَالْفَأْرَةُ وَالْكَلْبُ الْعَقُورُ وَالْحِدَأَةُ))
(Second chain) It is also narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: There are five animals whose killing incurs no sin even for a person in the state of Ihram: the snake, the scorpion, the mouse, the rabid dog, and the kite.
Hadith 6484
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمَرَ بِقَتْلِ الْأَسْوَدَيْنِ فِي الصَّلَاةِ، قَالَ يَحْيَى: وَالْأَسْوَدَانِ الْحَيَّةُ وَالْعَقْرَبُ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, ordered the killing of two black-colored creatures. Yahya bin Hamzah says that by black-colored creatures are meant the snake and the scorpion.
Hadith 6485
وَمِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: كُنَّا جُلُوسًا فِي مَسْجِدِ الْخَيْفِ لَيْلَةَ عَرَفَةَ الَّتِي قَبْلَ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ إِذْ سَمِعْنَا حِسَّ الْحَيَّةِ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((اقْتُلُوهَا))، قَالَ: فَقُمْنَا فَدَخَلَتْ شَقَّ جُحْرٍ، فَأُتِيَ بِسَعَفَةٍ فَأُضْرِمَ فِيهَا نَارًا وَأَخَذْنَا عُودًا فَقَلَعْنَا عَنْهَا بَعْضَ الْجُحْرِ فَلَمْ نَجِدْهَا، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((دَعُوهَا وَقَاهَا اللَّهُ شَرَّكُمْ كَمَا وَقَاكُمْ شَرَّهَا))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) that we were sitting in the Mosque of Khaif on the night before the Day of Arafah, when suddenly we sensed the movement of a snake. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Kill it. We stood up to kill it, but it slipped into a crack in a stone. Then date palm branches were brought and fire was lit in it, then we took a stick and moved the stone a little from its place, but the snake could not be found. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Now leave it, Allah has saved it from your harm and you from its harm.
Hadith 6486
وَمِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ (يَعْنِي ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ) قَالَ: كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِمِنًى قَالَ: فَخَرَجَتْ عَلَيْنَا حَيَّةٌ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((اقْتُلُوهَا)) فَابْتَدَرْنَاهَا فَسَبَقَتْنَا
(Second chain) Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: We were with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) at Mina, when suddenly a snake appeared. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Kill it. So we ran to kill it, but it escaped.
Hadith 6487
عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ: كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي غَارٍ (وَفِي لَفْظٍ: بِحِرَاءَ) فَأُنْزِلَتْ عَلَيْهِ: «وَالْمُرْسَلَاتِ عُرْفًا» فَجَعَلْنَا نَتَلَقَّاهَا مِنْهُ فَخَرَجَتْ حَيَّةٌ مِنْ جَانِبِ الْغَارِ فَقَالَ: ((اقْتُلُوهَا)) فَتَبَادَرْنَاهَا فَسَبَقَتْنَا فَقَالَ: ((إِنَّهَا وُقِيَتْ شَرَّكُمْ كَمَا وُقِيتُمْ شَرَّهَا))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: We were sitting with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) in the Cave of Hira, when Surah {وَالْمُرْسَلَاتِ عُرْفًا} was revealed to him. We were learning that Surah from him when suddenly a snake appeared from the side of the cave. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Kill it. We rushed towards it but it escaped from us. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It remained safe from your harm and you from its harm.
Hadith 6488
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((مَنْ تَرَكَ الْحَيَّاتِ مَخَافَةَ طَلْبِهِنَّ فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا، مَا سَالَمْنَاهُنَّ مُنْذُ حَارَبْنَاهُنَّ))
Narrated by Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Whoever refrains from killing a snake out of fear of its retaliation is not one of us. Since our battle with them began, we have not made peace with them.
Hadith 6489
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِثْلُهُ
Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) has also narrated a similar hadith of the Prophet.
Hadith 6490
عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((مَنْ قَتَلَ حَيَّةً فَلَهُ سَبْعُ حَسَنَاتٍ، وَمَنْ قَتَلَ وَزَغًا فَلَهُ حَسَنَةٌ، وَمَنْ تَرَكَ حَيَّةً مَخَافَةَ عَاقِبَتِهَا فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا))
Narrated by Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever kills a snake will receive seven good deeds, and whoever kills a lizard will receive one good deed, and whoever leaves a snake out of fear of its revenge is not from among us.
Hadith 6491
عَنْ أَبِي الْأَحْوَصِ الْجُشَمِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ بَيْنَا ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ يَخْطُبُ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِحَيَّةٍ تَمْشِي عَلَى الْجِدَارِ فَقَطَعَ خُطْبَتَهُ ثُمَّ ضَرَبَهَا بِقَضِيبِهِ أَوْ بِقَصَبَةٍ قَالَ يُونُسُ بِقَضِيبِهِ حَتَّى قَتَلَهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ مَنْ قَتَلَ حَيَّةً فَكَأَنَّمَا قَتَلَ رَجُلًا مُشْرِكًا قَدْ حَلَّ دَمُهُ
Abu Al-Ahwas Al-Jashami says: Once, Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) was delivering a sermon, when suddenly he saw a snake crawling on the wall. He stopped his address and began to strike it with his staff until he killed it, and then said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: Whoever kills a snake, it is as if he has killed a polytheist whose blood has become lawful to shed.
Hadith 6492
عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ لَا أَعْلَمُهُ إِلَّا رَفَعَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ كَانَ يَأْمُرُ بِقَتْلِ الْحَيَّاتِ وَيَقُولُ مَنْ تَرَكَهُنَّ خَشْيَةَ أَوْ مَخَافَةَ تَأْثِيرٍ فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا قَالَ وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ إِنَّ الْحَيَّاتِ مَسِيخُ الْجِنِّ كَمَا مُسِخَتِ الْقِرَدَةُ مِنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ
Ikrimah says: It is my understanding that Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated in a marfu’ (attributed to the Prophet) manner that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded the killing of snakes and said: Whoever leaves them out of fear of their retaliation is not from among us. Then Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Indeed, snakes are deformed forms of jinn, just as the Children of Israel were deformed into the shapes of monkeys.
Hadith 6493
وَعَنْهُ أَيْضًا عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْحَيَّاتُ مَسِيخُ الْجِنِّ
Narrated by Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Some snakes are those who have been transformed from among the jinn.
