الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
مسائل القتل والجرائم الأخرى وأحكام الدماءIssues of Killing, Other Crimes, and Blood Laws
بَابُ مَا يُبيحُ دَمَ الْمُسْلِمِ
Chapter: What makes the blood of a Muslim lawful
Hadith 6461
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ مَهْدِيٍّ ثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: قَامَ فِينَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: ((وَالَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ غَيْرُهُ، لَا يَحِلُّ دَمُ رَجُلٍ مُسْلِمٍ يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنِّي مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، إِلَّا ثَلَاثَةُ نَفَرٍ: التَّارِكُ الْإِسْلَامَ، وَالْمُفَارِقُ لِلْجَمَاعَةِ، وَالثَّيِّبُ الزَّانِي، وَالنَّفْسُ بِالنَّفْسِ)) قَالَ: الْأَعْمَشُ: فَحَدَّثْتُ بِهِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فَحَدَّثَنِي عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ بِمِثْلِهِ
Narrated by Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) stood among us and said: By Him besides whom there is no deity! The blood of a person who testifies that Allah alone is the true deity and I am Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah, is not lawful, except in three cases: (1) One who abandons Islam and separates from the community, (2) a married adulterer, and (3) one who is killed in retaliation for a life.
Hadith 6462
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((لَا يَحِلُّ دَمُ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَّا بِإِحْدَى ثَلَاثٍ: الثَّيِّبُ الزَّانِي، وَالنَّفْسُ بِالنَّفْسِ، وَالتَّارِكُ لِدِينِهِ الْمُفَارِقُ لِلْجَمَاعَةِ))
Narrated by Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The blood of a Muslim who testifies that Allah alone is the true deity and that I am the Messenger of Allah is not lawful, except in three cases: (1) a married adulterer, (2) one who is killed in retaliation for murder, and (3) one who leaves the religion and separates from the community.
Hadith 6463
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((لَا يَحِلُّ دَمُ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ إِلَّا رَجُلٌ قَتَلَ فَقُتِلَ، أَوْ رَجُلٌ زَنَى بَعْدَ مَا أُحْصِنَ، أَوْ رَجُلٌ ارْتَدَّ بَعْدَ إِسْلَامِهِ))
Narrated from Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It is not permissible to shed the blood of a Muslim man except in one of three cases: a man who kills a Muslim, so he is killed in retaliation; or a man who commits adultery while being married; or a man who becomes apostate after accepting Islam.
Hadith 6464
وَعَنْهَا أَيْضًا قَالَتْ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ: ((مَنْ أَشَارَ بِحَدِيدَةٍ إِلَى أَحَدٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يُرِيدُ قَتْلَهُ فَقَدْ وَجَبَ دَمُهُ))
It is also narrated from Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever points iron at a Muslim with the intention of killing him, the loss of his blood will be established (i.e., his sanctity will end and it will be permissible to kill him in defense).
Hadith 6465
عَنْ أَبِي سَوَّارٍ الْقَاضِي يَقُولُ عَنْ أَبِي بَرْزَةَ الْأَسْلَمِيِّ قَالَ: أَغْلَظَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: فَقَالَ أَبُو بَرْزَةَ: أَلَا أَضْرِبُ عُنُقَهُ؟ قَالَ: فَانْتَهَرَهُ وَقَالَ: مَا هِيَ لِأَحَدٍ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Barzah Aslami (may Allah be pleased with him) that a man spoke to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) in a very harsh tone. Sayyiduna Abu Barzah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Shall I not strike his neck?" But Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) rebuked him and said: "After the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), this is not permissible for anyone."
