الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
مسائل القتل والجرائم الأخرى وأحكام الدماءIssues of Killing, Other Crimes, and Blood Laws
بَابُ التَّعْلِيظِ وَالْوَعِيدِ الشَّدِيدِ فِي قَتْلِ الْمُؤْمِنِ
Chapter: Severe warning and threat regarding killing a believer
Hadith 6440
عَنْ شَقِيقٍ قَالَ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَوَّلُ مَا يُقْضَى بَيْنَ النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِي الدِّمَاءِ
Narrated by Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: On the Day of Resurrection, the first matter to be decided among the people will be concerning blood (i.e., cases of murder).
Hadith 6441
عَنْ أَبِي إِدْرِيسَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ مُعَاوِيَةَ يَعْنِي ابْنَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ وَكَانَ قَلِيلَ الْحَدِيثِ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ كُلُّ ذَنْبٍ عَسَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَغْفِرَهُ إِلَّا الرَّجُلَ يَمُوتُ كَافِرًا وَالرَّجُلَ يَقْتُلُ مُؤْمِنًا مُتَعَمِّدًا
Narrated from Sayyiduna Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan, may Allah be pleased with him, who was among those who narrated few hadiths, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: It is possible that Allah Almighty may forgive every sin, except for the person who dies in a state of disbelief and the one who deliberately kills a believer.
Hadith 6442
عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ أَيُّ يَوْمٍ أَعْظَمُ حُرْمَةً قَالُوا يَوْمُنَا هَذَا قَالَ فَأَيُّ شَهْرٍ أَعْظَمُ حُرْمَةً قَالُوا شَهْرُنَا هَذَا قَالَ فَأَيُّ بَلَدٍ أَعْظَمُ حُرْمَةً قَالَ بَلَدُنَا هَذَا قَالَ فَإِنَّ دِمَاءَكُمْ وَأَمْوَالَكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ حَرَامٌ كَحُرْمَةِ يَوْمِكُمْ هَذَا فِي شَهْرِكُمْ هَذَا فِي بَلَدِكُمْ هَذَا
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked the people on the occasion of the Farewell Pilgrimage: Which day is the most sacred? They said: This very day of ours. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Which month is the most sacred? They said: This very month of Dhu al-Hijjah of ours. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Which city is the most sacred? They said: This very city of ours. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Then indeed your blood and your wealth are as inviolable among you as the sanctity of this day of yours, in this month of yours, in this city of yours.
Hadith 6443
عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ أَبِي الْجَعْدِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ سُئِلَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَتَلَ مُؤْمِنًا ثُمَّ تَابَ وَآمَنَ وَعَمِلَ صَالِحًا ثُمَّ اهْتَدَى قَالَ وَيْحَكَ وَأَنَّى لَهُ الْهُدَى سَمِعْتُ نَبِيَّكُمْ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَجِيءُ الْمَقْتُولُ مُتَعَلِّقًا بِالْقَاتِلِ يَقُولُ يَا رَبِّ سَلْ هَذَا فِيمَ قَتَلَنِي وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ أَنْزَلَهَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَلَى نَبِيِّكُمْ وَمَا نَسَخَهَا بَعْدَ إِذْ أَنْزَلَهَا قَالَ وَيْحَكَ وَأَنَّى لَهُ الْهُدَى
It is narrated from Salim bin Abi J'ad, he says: Someone asked Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that a man kills a believer, but then repents, brings faith, does good deeds, and becomes guided. He said: Woe to you, from where will guidance come to such a killer? I heard your Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: The murdered person will come clinging to his killer and will say: O my Lord! Ask him for what reason he killed me. By Allah! Allah Almighty revealed this verse to your Prophet and after revealing it, did not abrogate it. Woe to you, from where will such a killer get guidance?
Hadith 6444
(وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) قَالَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا فَقَالَ يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ أَرَأَيْتَ رَجُلًا قَتَلَ مُؤْمِنًا قَالَ ثَكِلَتْهُ أُمُّهُ وَأَنَّى لَهُ التَّوْبَةُ وَقَدْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ الْمَقْتُولَ يَجِيءُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ مُتَعَلِّقًا رَأْسَهُ بِيَمِينِهِ أَوْ قَالَ بِشِمَالِهِ آخِذًا صَاحِبَهُ بِيَدِهِ الْأُخْرَى تَشْخَبُ أَوْدَاجُهُ دَمًا فِي قِبَلِ عَرْشِ الرَّحْمَنِ فَيَقُولُ رَبِّ سَلْ هَذَا فِيمَ قَتَلَنِي
. (Second chain) A man came to Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) and said: O Ibn Abbas! What is your opinion about the person who kills a believer? He said: May his mother lose him! From where will repentance come to him, when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has said: Indeed, the murdered person will come on the Day of Resurrection, holding his head with one side or the other, and with his other hand holding his killer, bringing him towards the Throne of the Most Merciful, while his veins will be flowing with blood, and he will say: O my Lord! Ask him, why did he kill me?
Hadith 6445
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ سِبَابُ الْمُسْلِمِ أَخَاهُ فُسُوقٌ وَقِتَالُهُ كُفْرٌ وَحُرْمَةُ مَالِهِ كَحُرْمَةِ دَمِهِ
Narrated by Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: To abuse a Muslim is wickedness, and to fight him is disbelief, and the sanctity of a Muslim's wealth is like the sanctity of his blood.
Hadith 6446
عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَحْوَهُ
Sayyiduna Sa’d bin Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him) has also narrated a similar hadith of the Prophet.
Hadith 6447
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَنْ يَزَالَ الْمَرْءُ فِي فُسْحَةٍ مِنْ دِينِهِ مَا لَمْ يُصِبْ دَمًا حَرَامًا
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: A person remains in ease regarding his religion, that is, in doing good deeds, as long as he does not commit the act of shedding unlawful blood.
Hadith 6448
عَنْ مَرْثَدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ يَعْنِي الْيَزَنِيَّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الْقَاتِلِ وَالْآمِرِ قَالَ قُسِّمَتِ النَّارُ سَبْعِينَ جُزْءًا فَلِلْآمِرِ تِسْعٌ وَسِتُّونَ وَلِلْقَاتِلِ جُزْءٌ وَحَسْبُهُ
Marthad bin Abdullah Yazni narrates from a companion that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, was asked about the killer and the one who commands the killing. He, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Hell has been divided into seventy parts; sixty-nine parts will be for the one who commands the killing, and one part will be for the killer, and that will be sufficient for him.
Hadith 6449
عَنْ جَرِيرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ يَا جَرِيرُ اسْتَنْصِتِ النَّاسَ ثُمَّ قَالَ فِي خُطْبَتِهِ لَا تَرْجِعُوا بَعْدِي كُفَّارًا يَضْرِبُ بَعْضُكُمْ رِقَابَ بَعْضٍ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jarir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) that on the occasion of the Farewell Pilgrimage, the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: O Jarir! Make the people quiet. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said in his sermon: Do not become disbelievers after me, striking the necks of one another.
Hadith 6450
عَنْ خَرَشَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ وَكَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا يَشْهَدَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ قَتِيلًا لَعَلَّهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ قَدْ قُتِلَ ظُلْمًا فَيُصِيبَهُ السُّخْطُ
Narrated from Sayyiduna Khursha bin Harith, may Allah be pleased with him, who was among the Companions, that the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: None of you should be present at the time of someone's killing, because it is possible that he is being killed unjustly, and thus the one present may also incur the displeasure of Allah Almighty.
Hadith 6451
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((لَا تُقْتَلُ نَفْسٌ ظُلْمًا إِلَّا كَانَ عَلَى ابْنِ آدَمَ الْأَوَّلِ كِفْلٌ مِنْ دِمِهَا لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ سَنَّ الْقَتْلَ))
Narrated by Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whenever a soul is killed unjustly, a share of its unjust blood is also upon Adam's first son, because he was the first person who initiated the practice of unjust killing.
Hadith 6452
وَعَنْهُ أَيْضًا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: ((أَشَدُّ النَّاسِ عَذَابًا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ رَجُلٌ قَتَلَهُ نَبِيٌّ أَوْ قَتَلَ نَبِيًّا وَإِمَامُ ضَلَالَةٍ وَمُمَثِّلٌ مِنَ الْمُمَثِّلِينَ))
It is also narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: On the Day of Resurrection, the person who will receive the severest punishment among the people will be the one who killed a prophet or was killed by a prophet, and the leader of misguidance and error, and the maker of images.
