الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
مسائل القضاء والشهاداتIssues of Judiciary and Testimonies
أَبْوَابُ الدَّعَاوِي وَالْبَيِّنَاتِ وَصُورَةِ الْيَمِينِ وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ
Chapters on claims, evidence, the form of oaths, and other matters
Hadith 6415
عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ قَالَ: كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: ((لَوْ أَنَّ النَّاسَ أُعْطُوا بِدَعْوَاهُمْ، ادَّعَى نَاسٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ دِمَاءَ نَاسٍ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ، وَلَكِنَّ الْيَمِينَ عَلَى الْمُدَّعَى عَلَيْهِ))
It is narrated from Ibn Abi Mulaykah, he says: Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) sent me this writing that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: If people were given according to their claims, they would claim the lives and wealth of others, but the oath will be upon the one against whom the claim is made.
Hadith 6416
عَنْ وَائِلِ بْنِ حُجْرٍ قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَتَاهُ رَجُلَانِ يَخْتَصِمَانِ فِي أَرْضٍ، فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا: إِنَّ هَذَا انْتَزَى عَلَى أَرْضِي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ (وَهُوَ امْرُؤُ الْقَيْسِ بْنُ عَابِسٍ الْكِنْدِيُّ وَخَصْمُهُ رَبِيعَةُ بْنُ عَبْدَانَ)، فَقَالَ لَهُ: ((بَيِّنَتُكَ))، قَالَ: لَيْسَ لِي بَيِّنَةٌ، قَالَ: ((يَمِينُهُ))، قَالَ: إِذًا يَذْهَبُ، قَالَ: ((لَيْسَ لَكَ إِلَّا ذَلِكَ))، فَلَمَّا قَامَ لِيَحْلِفَ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((مَنِ اقْتَطَعَ أَرْضًا ظَالِمًا لَقِيَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ غَضْبَانُ))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Wa’il bin Hujr (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I was present with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), when two men came to him; they had a dispute over land. One was Amr’ul-Qais bin ‘Abis Kindi and his opponent was Rabi’ah bin Abdan. The former said: O Messenger of Allah! He forcibly took my land from me during the time of ignorance. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to the Kindi: Present your evidence. He said: I have no evidence. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Then the defendant will take an oath. He said: Then he will seize my property. But the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Other than this, you have no right. Then, when he stood up to take the oath, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever seizes someone’s land unjustly will meet Allah on the Day of Resurrection while He is angry with him.
Hadith 6417
عَنِ الْأَشْعَثِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ قَالَ: خَاصَمْتُ ابْنَ عَمٍّ لِي إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي بِئْرٍ كَانَتْ لِي فِي يَدِهِ، فَجَحَدَنِي، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((بَيِّنَتُكَ أَنَّهَا بِئْرُكَ وَإِلَّا فَيَمِينُهُ))، قَالَ: قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! مَا لِي بَيِّنَةٌ، إِنْ تَجْعَلْهَا بِيَمِينِهِ تَذْهَبْ بِئْرِي، إِنَّ خَصْمِي امْرُؤٌ فَاجِرٌ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((مَنِ اقْتَطَعَ مَالَ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ لَقِيَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ غَضْبَانُ))، وَقَرَأَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: {إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ} (آل عمران: 77) الآية
Sayyiduna Ash’ath bin Qais (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I had a well, and I had a dispute over it with my cousin. He refused to return this well to me. I brought this case to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: Bring evidence that this well is yours, otherwise he will take an oath. I said: O Messenger of Allah! I have no evidence, and my opponent is a wicked and sinful man, so if you decide the case based on an oath, he will seize my well. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever unjustly seizes the wealth of a Muslim will meet Allah in such a state that Allah will be angry with him. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) recited this verse: {اِنَّ الَّذِیْنَیَشْتَرُوْنَ بِعَہْدِ اللّٰہِ وَاَیْمَانِھِمْ ثَمَنًا قَلِیْلًا اُولٰٓئِکَ لَا خَلَاقَ لَھُمْ فِیْ الآخِرَۃِ وَلَا یُکَلِّمُھُمُ اللّٰہُ وَلَا یَنْظُرُ اِلَیْھِمْیَوْمَ الْقِیَامَۃِ وَلَا یُزَکِّیْھِمْ وَلَھُمْ عَذَابٌ اَلِیْمٌ۔} … Indeed, those who exchange Allah’s covenant and their oaths for a small price, there will be no share for them in the Hereafter, and Allah will neither speak to them nor look at them on the Day of Resurrection, nor will He purify them, and for them is a painful punishment.
