الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
مسائل الهبة والهديةIssues of Gifts and Presents
بَابُ اسْتِحْبَابِ تَقْسِيمِ الْهَدِيَّةِ فِي الْأَهْلِ وَالْأَصْحَابِ ومن حَضَرَ
Chapter: Recommendation to distribute gifts among family, companions, and those present
Hadith 6282
عَنِ الْمِسْوَرِ بْنِ مَخْرَمَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ أُهْدِيَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَقْبِيَةٌ مُزَرَّرَةٌ بِالذَّهَبِ فَقَسَمَهَا فِي أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ مَخْرَمَةُ يَا مِسْوَرُ اذْهَبْ بِنَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ ذُكِرَ لِي أَنَّهُ قَسَمَ أَقْبِيَةً فَانْطَلَقْنَا فَقَالَ ادْخُلْ فَادْعُهُ لِي قَالَ فَدَخَلْتُ فَدَعَوْتُهُ إِلَيْهِ فَخَرَجَ إِلَيَّ وَعَلَيْهِ قَبَاءٌ مِنْهَا قَالَ خَبَأْتُ لَكَ هَذَا يَا مَخْرَمَةُ قَالَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ رَضِيَ فَأَعْطَاهُ إِيَّاهُ
Narrated from Sayyiduna Miswar bin Makhramah (may Allah be pleased with them both) that some cloaks were presented to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) as a gift, their buttons were of gold. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) distributed those cloaks among his companions. Sayyiduna Makhramah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Miswar! Take us to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), I have heard that he is distributing cloaks. So we went. When we arrived there, he said: Go inside and call the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). So I went and called him. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came out and had a cloak with him. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: O Makhramah! I had kept this hidden for you. So he saw it, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Is Makhramah pleased now? Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave it to him.
Hadith 6283
عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ أَهْدَى الْأُكَيْدَرُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَرَّةً مِنْ مَنٍّ فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ مَرَّ عَلَى الْقَوْمِ فَجَعَلَ يُعْطِي كُلَّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ قِطْعَةً فَأَعْطَى جَابِرًا قِطْعَةً ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ فَأَعْطَاهُ قِطْعَةً أُخْرَى فَقَالَ إِنَّكَ قَدْ أَعْطَيْتَنِي مَرَّةً قَالَ هَذَا لِبَنَاتِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ
Narrated by Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him): (The king of Rome) Akidar sent a pot full of crystallized sweet (bondi) as a gift to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) finished the prayer and passed by the people, he gave each one a piece. Among them, Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) was also given a piece. But when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) returned and gave him another piece, he said: You have already given me once. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: This is for the daughters of Abdullah.
Hadith 6284
عَنْ أُمِّ كُلْثُومٍ بِنْتِ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَ لَمَّا تَزَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ قَالَ لَهَا إِنِّي قَدْ أَهْدَيْتُ إِلَى النَّجَاشِيِّ حُلَّةً وَأَوَاقِيَّ مِنْ مِسْكٍ وَلَا أَرَى النَّجَاشِيَّ إِلَّا قَدْ مَاتَ وَلَا أَرَى هَدِيَّتِي إِلَّا مَرْدُودَةً عَلَيَّ فَإِنْ رُدَّتْ عَلَيَّ فَهِيَ لَكِ قَالَتْ وَكَانَ كَمَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَرُدَّتْ عَلَيْهِ هَدِيَّتُهُ فَأَعْطَى كُلَّ امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ نِسَائِهِ أُوقِيَّةَ مِسْكٍ وَأَعْطَى أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ بَقِيَّةَ الْمِسْكِ وَالْحُلَّةَ
Lady Umm Kulthum bint Abi Salamah (may Allah be pleased with them) narrates that when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) married Lady Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her), he said to her: I had sent a garment and some ounces of musk as a gift to the Negus. Since the Negus has now passed away, I think that my gift will be returned to me. In any case, if it is returned, it will be for you. It happened exactly as the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had said; his gift was returned. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave each wife an ounce of musk and gave the remaining musk and the garment to Lady Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her).
Hadith 6285
حَدَّثَنَا هُشَيْمٌ أَنَا سَيَّارٌ وَأَخْبرَنَا مُغِيرَةُ أَنَا دَاوُدُ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ سَالِمٍ وَمُجَالِدٍ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ نَحَلَنِي أَبِي نُحْلًا قَالَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ سَالِمٍ مِنْ بَيْنِ الْقَوْمِ نَحَلَهُ غُلَامًا قَالَ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ أُمِّي عَمْرَةُ بِنْتُ رَوَاحَةَ ائْتِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَشْهِدْهُ قَالَ فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي نَحَلْتُ ابْنِي النُّعْمَانَ نُحْلًا وَإِنَّ عَمْرَةَ سَأَلَتْنِي أَنْ أُشْهِدَكَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ أَلَكَ وَلَدٌ سِوَاهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَكُلَّهُمْ أَعْطَيْتَ مِثْلَ مَا أَعْطَيْتَ النُّعْمَانَ قَالَ لَا فَقَالَ بَعْضُ هَؤُلَاءِ الْمُحَدِّثِينَ هَذَا جَوْرٌ وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ هَذَا تَلْجِئَةٌ فَأَشْهِدْ عَلَى هَذَا غَيْرِي وَقَالَ مُغِيرَةُ فِي حَدِيثِهِ أَلَيْسَ يَسُرُّكَ أَنْ يَكُونُوا لَكَ فِي الْبِرِّ وَاللُّطْفِ سَوَاءً قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَأَشْهِدْ عَلَى هَذَا غَيْرِي وَذَكَرَ مُجَالِدٌ فِي حَدِيثِهِ إِنَّ لَهُمْ عَلَيْكَ مِنَ الْحَقِّ أَنْ تَعْدِلَ بَيْنَهُمْ كَمَا أَنَّ لَكَ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ الْحَقِّ أَنْ يَبَرُّوكَ
Narrated from Sayyiduna Nu’man bin Bashir (may Allah be pleased with both of them), he says: My father gave me a gift, and according to one narrator, it was a slave. My mother, Amrah bint Rawahah, said to my father: Go to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and make him a witness to this. So he went to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and told him the whole matter and said: I have given a gift to my son Nu’man, and Amrah has demanded from me that you (peace and blessings be upon him) be made a witness to it. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Do you have any children other than him? I said: Yes. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Have you given all of them the same thing that you have given to Nu’man? I said: No. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: This is injustice, which is being done due to the pressure of your wife. Go and make someone other than me a witness to this. In his narration, Mughira said that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Does it please you that all your children should deal with you equally in goodness and kindness? I said: Yes. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Then go and make someone else a witness, surely they have a right over you that you do justice and equality among them, just as you have a right over them that they do good to you.
Hadith 6286
وَمِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَيْضًا قَالَ سَأَلَتْ أُمِّي أَبِي بَعْضَ الْمَوْهِبَةِ لِي فَوَهَبَهَا لِي فَقَالَتْ لَا أَرْضَى حَتَّى تُشْهِدَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ فَأَخَذَنِي أَبِي بِيَدِي وَأَنَا غُلَامٌ وَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ أُمَّ هَذَا ابْنَةَ رَوَاحَةَ زَاوَلَتْنِي عَلَى بَعْضِ الْمَوْهِبَةِ لَهُ وَإِنِّي قَدْ وَهَبْتُهَا لَهُ وَقَدْ أَعْجَبَهَا أَنْ أُشْهِدَكَ قَالَ يَا بَشِيرُ أَلَكَ ابْنٌ غَيْرُ هَذَا قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَوَهَبْتَ لَهُ مِثْلَ الَّذِي وَهَبْتَ لِهَذَا قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَلَا تُشْهِدْنِي إِذًا فَإِنِّي لَا أَشْهَدُ عَلَى جَوْرٍ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ فَقَالَ أَكُلَّ وَلَدِكَ قَدْ نَحَلْتَ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَارْدُدْهُ وَفِي لَفْظٍ فَقَالَ فَارْجِعْهَا وَفِي لَفْظٍ آخَرَ قَالَ فَسَوِّ بَيْنَهُمْ
(Second chain) It is narrated from Sayyiduna Nu’man bin Bashir (may Allah be pleased with them both), he says: My mother demanded from my father to give me a gift, and he gave me something as a gift. My mother said: I want you to make the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) a witness to this. So my father took my hand, while I was a boy, and reached the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah! His mother, the daughter of Rawaha, persuaded me to give him a gift, and I have given it to him. Now she likes that I make you a witness to it. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: O Bashir! Do you have other sons besides him? I said: Yes. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Have you given all of them a gift like this? I said: No. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Then do not make me a witness, for I do not bear witness to injustice. In another narration, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Have you given this gift to all your children? He said: No. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Then take it back from him. According to another narration, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Be just among your children.
Hadith 6287
وَعَنْهُ أَيْضًا قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ اعْدِلُوا بَيْنَ أَبْنَائِكُمْ اعْدِلُوا بَيْنَ أَبْنَائِكُمْ اعْدِلُوا بَيْنَ أَبْنَائِكُمْ وَفِي لَفْظٍ قَارِبُوا بَيْنَ أَبْنَائِكُمْ يَعْنِي سَوُّوا بَيْنَهُمْ
It is also narrated from Sayyiduna Nu’man (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Be just among your sons, be just among your sons, be just among your sons. In another narration it is stated: Treat your sons equally.
Hadith 6288
عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَالَتِ امْرَأَةُ بَشِيرٍ انْحَلْ ابْنِي غُلَامَكَ وَأَشْهِدْ لِي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ فَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ ابْنَةَ فُلَانٍ سَأَلَتْنِي أَنْ أَنْحَلَ ابْنَهَا غُلَامِي وَقَالَتْ وَأَشْهِدْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ أَلَهُ إِخْوَةٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَكُلَّهُمْ أَعْطَيْتَ مِثْلَ مَا أَعْطَيْتَهُ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَلَيْسَ يَصْلُحُ هَذَا وَإِنِّي لَا أَشْهَدُ إِلَّا عَلَى حَقٍّ
Narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the wife of Sayyiduna Bashir (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Give a gift of your slave to my son and make the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) a witness to it. So Sayyiduna Bashir (may Allah be pleased with him) went to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: My wife, Amrah bint Rawahah, is demanding that I give her son a gift of my slave, and she also says that I should make the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) a witness to it. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Does he have any brothers? He said: Yes. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Have you given all of them a similar gift? He said: No. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Then this is not permissible, and I only bear witness to what is right.
