الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب اللقطةBook of Lost Property
بَابٌ جَامِعٌ لَآدَابِ النُّقْطَةِ وَأَحْكَامِهَا
A comprehensive chapter on the etiquettes and rulings of lost property
Hadith 6232
عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ الْجُهَنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ زَيْدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ ضَالَّةِ رَاعِي الْغَنَمِ قَالَ هِيَ لَكَ أَوْ لِلذِّئْبِ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا تَقُولُ فِي ضَالَّةِ رَاعِي الْإِبِلِ قَالَ وَمَا لَكَ وَلَهَا مَعَهَا سِقَاؤُهَا وَحِذَاؤُهَا وَتَأْكُلُ مِنْ أَطْرَافِ الشَّجَرِ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا تَقُولُ فِي الْوَرِقِ إِذَا وَجَدْتُهَا قَالَ اعْلَمْ وِعَاءَهَا وَوِكَاءَهَا وَعَدَدَهَا ثُمَّ عَرِّفْهَا سَنَةً فَإِنْ جَاءَ صَاحِبُهَا فَادْفَعْهَا إِلَيْهِ وَإِلَّا فَهِيَ لَكَ أَوِ اسْتَمْتِعْ بِهَا أَوْ نَحْوَ هَذَا
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Zayd bin Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I or some man asked the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about a lost goat. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It is for you, or for the wolf. He said: O Messenger of Allah! What do you say about a lost camel? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: What concern do you have with it? Its water and its shoes are with it, and it will graze from the trees (until its owner finds it). He said: O Messenger of Allah! If I find lost silver, what is your ruling about it? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Know its pouch, its binding, and its number, and announce it for a year. If its owner comes, give it to him; otherwise, it will be yours, or he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: otherwise, benefit from it.
Hadith 6233
(وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) قَالَ جَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِلُقْطَةٍ فَقَالَ عَرِّفْهَا سَنَةً فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَ مَا تَقَدَّمَ
(Second chain) It is narrated from Sayyiduna Zayd bin Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him) that a Bedouin came to the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) with a found item. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: Announce it for one year. Then he narrated a report similar to the above-mentioned hadith.
Hadith 6234
وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَالِثٍ سُئِلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ ضَالَّةِ الْإِبِلِ فَغَضِبَ وَاحْمَرَّتْ وَجْنَتَاهُ وَقَالَ مَا لَكَ وَلَهَا مَعَهَا الْحِذَاءُ وَالسِّقَاءُ تَرِدُ الْمَاءَ وَتَأْكُلُ الشَّجَرَ حَتَّى يَجِيءَ رَبُّهَا وَسُئِلَ عَنْ ضَالَّةِ الْغَنَمِ فَقَالَ خُذْهَا فَإِنَّمَا هِيَ لَكَ أَوْ لِأَخِيكَ أَوْ لِلذِّئْبِ وَسُئِلَ عَنِ اللُّقْطَةِ فَقَالَ اعْرِفْ عِفَاصَهَا وَوِكَاءَهَا ثُمَّ عَرِّفْهَا سَنَةً فَإِنِ اعْتُرِفَتْ وَإِلَّا فَخَالِطْهَا بِمَالِكَ
(Third chain) It is narrated from Sayyiduna Zaid bin Khalid (may Allah be pleased with him) that when the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about a lost camel, he (peace and blessings be upon him) became angry and his cheeks turned red. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: What do you have to do with it? Along with it are its shoes and its water; it will keep coming to water and grazing from the trees until its owner finds it. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about a lost goat, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Take hold of it, for it will be either for you, or for your brother, or for the wolf. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about some other lost item, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Recognize its pouch and its binding, then announce it for a year; if the owner is found, fine, otherwise include it in your own property.
Hadith 6235
عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَجُلًا مِنْ مُزَيْنَةَ يَسْأَلُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ جِئْتُ أَسْأَلُكَ عَنِ الضَّالَّةِ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ قَالَ مَعَهَا حِذَاؤُهَا وَسِقَاؤُهَا تَأْكُلُ الشَّجَرَ وَتَرِدُ الْمَاءَ فَدَعْهَا حَتَّى يَأْتِيَهَا بَاغِيهَا قَالَ الضَّالَةُ مِنَ الْغَنَمِ قَالَ لَكَ أَوْ لِأَخِيكَ أَوْ لِلذِّئْبِ تَجْمَعُهَا حَتَّى يَأْتِيَهَا بَاغِيهَا قَالَ الْحَرِيسَةُ الَّتِي تُوجَدُ فِي مَرَاتِعِهَا قَالَ بِهَا ثَمَنُهَا مَرَّتَيْنِ وَضَرْبُ نَكَالٍ وَمَا أُخِذَ مِنْ عَطَنِهِ فَفِيهِ الْقَطْعُ إِذَا بَلَغَ ثَمَنَ الْمِجَنِّ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَالثِّمَارُ وَمَا أُخِذَ مِنْهَا فِي أَكْمَامِهَا قَالَ مَنْ أَخَذَ بِفَمِهِ وَلَمْ يَتَّخِذْ خُبْنَةً فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ وَمَنِ احْتَمَلَ عَلَيْهِ ثَمَنُهُ مَرَّتَيْنِ وَضَرْبًا وَنَكَالًا وَمَا أَخَذَ مِنْ أَجْرَانِهِ فَفِيهِ الْقَطْعُ إِذَا بَلَغَ مَا يُؤْخَذُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ ثَمَنَ الْمِجَنِّ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَاللُّقْطَةُ نَجِدُهَا فِي سَبِيلِ الْعَامِرَةِ قَالَ عَرِّفْهَا حَوْلًا فَإِنْ وَجَدَ بَاغِيهَا فَأَدِّهَا إِلَيْهِ وَإِلَّا فَهِيَ لَكَ قَالَ مَا يُؤْخَذُ فِي الْخَرِبِ الْعَادِيِّ قَالَ فِيهِ وَفِي الرِّكَازِ الْخُمُسُ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin Aas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that a man asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him): O Messenger of Allah! I have come to you to ask about the ruling regarding a lost camel. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Since its shoe and water-bag are with it, it will graze from the trees and drink water until its owner finds it, so leave it. He said: What is the ruling regarding a lost goat? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It is for you, or for your brother, or for the wolf, so keep it with you until its seeker comes. He said: What is the ruling regarding a goat that has been stolen from the pasture? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Double its price will be taken and punishment will also be given, and whatever is stolen from the camel enclosure and its price is equal to the price of a shield, then the hand will be cut off for it. He said: O Messenger of Allah! What is the ruling regarding fruit, and also what is the ruling regarding fruit that is eaten from the buds? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever eats it there (in the garden) and does not take it away in his garment, there will be no harm upon him, but whoever takes the fruit away, he will have to pay double its price and will also be punished, but whatever is taken from protected places (like threshing floors) and its price is equal to the price of a shield, then the hand will be cut off for it. He said: O Messenger of Allah! What is the ruling regarding something found lying on the public road? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Announce it for a year, if its searching owner is found, give it to him, otherwise it will become yours. He said: What about something found in an abandoned ancient place? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: In that and in buried treasure, one-fifth is due.
