الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
Book
بَابُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ شُرَكَاء فِي ثَلاثَ وَالنَّهْي عَنْ مَنْعِ فَضْلِ الْمَاءِ وَالْكَلَا وَشُرْبِ الْأَرْضِ الْعُنْيَا قَبْلَ السُّفْلَى إِذَا اخْتَلَفُوا
Chapter: Muslims are partners in three things, and prohibition of preventing excess water, pasture, and drinking from higher land before lower if there is a dispute
Hadith 6167
عَنْ أَبِي خِرَاشٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ شُرَكَاءُ فِي ثَلَاثٍ فِي الْمَاءِ وَالْكَلَأِ وَالنَّارِ
It is narrated from a Companion that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: In three things, Muslims are equal partners: in water, grass, and fire.
Hadith 6168
عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ مُوسَى أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَمْرٍو رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا كَتَبَ إِلَى عَامِلٍ لَهُ عَلَى أَرْضٍ لَهُ أَنْ لَا تَمْنَعَ فَضْلَ مَاءٍ فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ مَنْ مَنَعَ فَضْلَ الْمَاءِ لِيَمْنَعَ بِهِ الْكَلَأَ مَنَعَ اللَّهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَضْلَهُ
Narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with them both), he says: I wrote to one of my land managers not to prevent anyone from excess water, because I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say: Whoever withholds excess water in order to withhold grass, Allah Almighty will withhold His bounty from him on the Day of Resurrection.
Hadith 6169
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ رَفَعَهُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا يُمْنَعُ فَضْلُ مَاءٍ بَعْدَ أَنْ يُسْتَغْنَى عَنْهُ وَلَا فَضْلُ مَرْعًى
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Do not withhold surplus water after your need has been fulfilled, nor surplus pasture.
Hadith 6170
وَعَنْهُ أَيْضًا يَبْلُغُ بِهِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا يُمْنَعُ فَضْلُ الْمَاءِ لِيُمْنَعَ بِهِ الْكَلَأُ
It is also narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Do not withhold surplus water so as to prevent (the growth of) grass.
Hadith 6171
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا يُمْنَعُ نَقْعُ مَاءٍ وَلَا رَهْوُ بِئْرٍ
Narrated by Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Neither should the excess water of a well be withheld, nor should the water that flows from a well and gathers in a low-lying place be withheld.
Hadith 6172
عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ إِنَّ مِنْ قَضَاءِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَكَرَ أَحْكَامًا مُتَنَوِّعَةً مِنْهَا وَقَضَى بَيْنَ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ فِي النَّخْلِ لَا يُمْنَعُ نَقْعُ بِئْرٍ وَقَضَى بَيْنَ أَهْلِ الْبَادِيَةِ أَنْ لَا يُمْنَعَ فَضْلُ مَاءٍ لِيُمْنَعَ فَضْلُ الْكَلَأِ وَقَضَى فِي شُرْبِ النَّخْلِ مِنَ السَّيْلِ أَنَّ الْأَعْلَى يَشْرَبُ قَبْلَ الْأَسْفَلِ وَيُتْرَكُ الْمَاءُ إِلَى الْكَعْبَيْنِ ثُمَّ يُرْسَلُ الْمَاءُ إِلَى الْأَسْفَلِ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ وَكَذَلِكَ حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ الْحَوَائِطُ أَوْ يَفْنَى الْمَاءُ
Narrated from Sayyiduna ‘Ubada bin Samit (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: Among the judgments of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) are these, (in this hadith he mentioned several judgments, among them were these two): The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) decided among the people of Madinah that no one should be prevented from the surplus or collected water of wells, and among the villagers he decided that surplus water should not be withheld with the intention of preventing others from the surplus grass. And when irrigating date palms with water flowing in the canals, the upper land should be irrigated before the lower land in such a way that the water reaches up to the ankles, then it should be released to the adjacent lower land, and in the same manner the water should be passed forward, until the gardens end or the water runs out.
Hadith 6173
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ خَاصَمَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ الزُّبَيْرَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي شِرَاجِ الْحَرَّةِ الَّتِي يَسْقُونَ بِهَا النَّخْلَ فَقَالَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ لِلزُّبَيْرِ سَرِّحِ الْمَاءَ فَأَبَى فَكَلَّمَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ اسْقِ يَا زُبَيْرُ ثُمَّ أَرْسِلْ إِلَى جَارِكَ فَغَضِبَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَنْ كَانَ ابْنَ عَمَّتِكَ فَتَلَوَّنَ وَجْهُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ احْبِسِ الْمَاءَ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ إِلَى الْجَدْرِ قَالَ الزُّبَيْرُ وَاللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأَحْسِبُ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ نَزَلَتْ فِي ذَلِكَ فَلَا وَرَبِّكَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ حَتَّى يُحَكِّمُوكَ فِيمَا شَجَرَ بَيْنَهُمْ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ وَيُسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيمًا
Narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Zubair (may Allah be pleased with them both) that there was a dispute between Sayyiduna Zubair (may Allah be pleased with him) and an Ansari regarding a stream in Harrah, from which they used to irrigate their date palms. The Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) said to Sayyiduna Zubair (may Allah be pleased with him): Leave the water for my date palms, but he refused to do so. The Ansari took the case to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: O Zubair! First irrigate (your land) and then leave the water for your neighbor. But this decision angered the Ansari, and he said: You have given this decision because he is your aunt’s son. Upon hearing this, the face of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) changed, and then he said: O Zubair! Now withhold the water until it reaches the embankment, then let it flow ahead. Sayyiduna Zubair (may Allah be pleased with him) says: By Allah! I think this verse was revealed about this matter: {فَلَاوَرَبِّکَ لَایُؤْمِنُوْنَ حَتّٰییُحَکِّمُوْکَ فِیْمَا شَجَرَ بَیْنَہُمْ ثُمَّ لَا یَجِدُوْا فِیْ اَنْفُسِھِمْ حَرَجًا مِّمَّا قَضَیْتَ وَیُسَلِّمُوْا تَسْلِیْمًا} … But no, by your Lord, they will not (truly) believe until they make you (O Muhammad) judge in all disputes between them, and then find in themselves no resistance against your decisions, and accept them with full submission. (Surah An-Nisa: 65)
