الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب المساقاة والمزارعة وكراء الأرضBook of Sharecropping, Agricultural Partnerships, and Land Leasing
بَابُ حُجَّةِ مَنْ رَأَى الْجَوَاز بِالْجَمِيعَ وَحَمَلَ النَّهَى عَلَى كَرَاهَةِ التَّنْزِيهِ
Chapter: The evidence of those who allow all forms and interpret the prohibition as disliked but not forbidden
Hadith 6128
عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا يَقُولُ كُنَّا نُخَابِرُ وَلَا نَرَى بِذَلِكَ بَأْسًا حَتَّى زَعَمَ رَافِعُ بْنُ خَدِيجٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى عَنْهُ قَالَ عَمْرٌو وَذَكَرْتُهُ لِطَاوُسٍ فَقَالَ طَاوُسٌ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا إِنَّمَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَمْنَحُ أَحَدُكُمْ أَخَاهُ الْأَرْضَ خَيْرٌ لَهُ مِنْ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ لَهَا خَرَاجًا مَعْلُومًا
Narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Dinar (may Allah be pleased with him) that we used to give land on sharecropping and did not feel any objection in it, until Sayyiduna Rafi’ bin Khadij (may Allah be pleased with him) expressed the opinion that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had prohibited it. Amr bin Dinar said: When I mentioned this matter before Tawus, he said that Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: If any one of you gives his land to his brother as a gift, it is better for him than taking a fixed produce from the land.
Hadith 6129
عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى قُرًى عَرَبِيَّةٍ فَأَمَرَنِي أَنْ آخُذَ حَظَّ الْأَرْضِ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ حَظُّ الْأَرْضِ الثُّلُثُ وَالرُّبُعُ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent me to some towns of Arabia and ordered me to bring back a third and a quarter of the land from there.
Hadith 6130
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ مَيْسَرَةَ عَنْ طَاوُسٍ وَعَطَاءٍ وَمُجَاهِدٍ عَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ خَرَجَ إِلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَنَهَانَا عَنْ أَمْرٍ كَانَ لَنَا نَافِعًا وَأَمْرُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَيْرٌ لَنَا مِمَّا نَهَانَا عَنْهُ قَالَ مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أَرْضٌ فَلْيَزْرَعْهَا أَوْ لِيَذَرْهَا أَوْ لِيَمْنَحْهَا قَالَ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِطَاوُسٍ وَكَانَ يَرَى أَنَّ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ مِنْ أَعْلَمِهِمْ قَالَ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا إِنَّمَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أَرْضٌ أَنْ يَمْنَحَهَا أَخَاهُ خَيْرٌ لَهُ قَالَ شُعْبَةُ وَكَانَ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ يَجْمَعُ هَؤُلَاءِ طَاوُسًا وَعَطَاءً وَمُجَاهِدًا وَكَانَ الَّذِي يُحَدِّثُ عَنْهُ مُجَاهِدٌ قَالَ شُعْبَةُ كَأَنَّهُ صَاحِبُ الْحَدِيثِ
Narrated from Sayyiduna Rafi’ bin Khadij (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to us and forbade us from a practice that was beneficial for us. Nevertheless, the command of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) is better for us than that practice from which he forbade us. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever has land, he should cultivate it himself, or leave it as it is, or give it to his brother as a gift for cultivation. Abdul Malik says: I mentioned this hadith to Tawus, and he thought that in this matter, Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) was the most knowledgeable, and he narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever has land, if he gives it to his brother for cultivation, then that is better for him. Imam Shu’bah says: Abdul Malik would combine these three narrators: Tawus, Ata, and Mujahid, and regarding the narrator who reported from Mujahid, Shu’bah thought that he was a person of hadith.
Hadith 6131
عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ قَالَ قَالَ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ يَغْفِرُ اللَّهُ لِرَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ أَنَا وَاللَّهِ أَعْلَمُ بِالْحَدِيثِ مِنْهُ إِنَّمَا أَتَى رَجُلَانِ قَدِ اقْتَتَلَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنْ كَانَ هَذَا شَأْنَكُمْ فَلَا تُكْرُوا الْمَزَارِعَ قَالَ فَسَمِعَ رَافِعٌ قَوْلَهُ لَا تُكْرُوا الْمَزَارِعَ
It is narrated from Urwah bin Zubair that Sayyiduna Zaid bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) said: May Allah forgive Sayyiduna Rafi' bin Khadij (may Allah be pleased with him), I know this blessed hadith better than him. The real matter was that when two men came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and argued, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: If this is your situation, then do not give lands on rent. Sayyiduna Rafi' (may Allah be pleased with him) only heard these words of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): Do not give lands on rent.
