الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب التفليس والحجرBook of Bankruptcy and Legal Disability
بَابُ إِثْبَاتِ الرُّشْدِ وَعَلَامَاتِ الْبُلُوغ
Chapter: Establishing maturity and signs of puberty
Hadith 6077
عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ هُرْمُزَ قَالَ كَتَبَ نَجْدَةُ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ خَمْسِ خِلَالٍ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ وَفِيهِ وَمَتَى يَنْقَضِي يُتْمُ الْيَتِيمِ فَأَجَابَهُ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَكَتَبْتَ تَسْأَلُنِي عَنْ يُتْمِ الْيَتِيمِ مَتَى يَنْقَضِي وَلَعَمْرِي أَنَّ الرَّجُلَ تُنْبِتُ لِحْيَتُهُ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفُ الْأَخْذِ لِنَفْسِهِ فَإِذَا كَانَ يَأْخُذُ لِنَفْسِهِ مِنْ صَالِحِ مَا يَأْخُذُ النَّاسُ فَقَدْ ذَهَبَ الْيُتْمُ الْحَدِيثَ
Yazid bin Hurmaz says: Najdah wrote a letter to Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) to ask five things, ... ... one of them was: when does the period of orphanhood for an orphan end? Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) wrote in reply: You have asked me when the period of orphanhood for an orphan ends. By my life, a man’s beard may grow, but even then he may remain weak in handling his affairs. When he is able to choose the good for himself from among the matters of people, then his orphanhood ends.
Hadith 6078
(وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا بِنَحْوِهِ وَفِيهِ وَعَنِ الْيَتِيمِ مَتَى يَنْقَضِي يُتْمُهُ قَالَ إِذَا احْتَلَمَ وَأُونِسَ مِنْهُ خَيْرٌ
(Second chain) A similar hadith is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), except that in it: And he was asked about the orphan, when will his orphanhood end? He said: When he reaches puberty and goodness is perceived from him.
Hadith 6079
عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَرْجُمَ مَجْنُونَةً فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ مَا لَكَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ رُفِعَ الْقَلَمُ عَنْ ثَلَاثَةٍ عَنِ النَّائِمِ حَتَّى يَسْتَيْقِظَ وَعَنِ الطِّفْلِ حَتَّى يَحْتَلِمَ وَعَنِ الْمَجْنُونِ حَتَّى يَبْرَأَ أَوْ يَعْقِلَ فَأَدْرَأَ عَنْهَا عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ
Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) ordered the stoning of a mad woman. Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: You do not have the authority to do so, because I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: The pen has been lifted from three persons: from the sleeping person until he wakes up, from the child until he reaches puberty, and from the mad person until he recovers. Upon hearing this, Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) removed the punishment from her.
Hadith 6080
عَنْ عَطِيَّةَ الْقُرَظِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ عُرِضْتُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَ قُرَيْظَةَ فَشَكُّوا فِيَّ فَأَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يَنْظُرُوا إِلَيَّ هَلْ أَنْبَتُّ بَعْدُ فَنَظَرُوا فَلَمْ يَجِدُونِي أَنْبَتُّ فَخَلَّى عَنِّي وَأَلْحَقَنِي بِالسَّبْيِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Atiyyah Qarazi (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I was presented before the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on the day of Qurayzah. When people doubted whether I was mature or not, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered that it be checked whether I had grown pubic hair or not. When they saw that I had not grown these hairs, I was released and included among the captives.
Hadith 6081
عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَرَضَهُ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ وَهُوَ ابْنُ أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ فَلَمْ يُجِزْهُ ثُمَّ عَرَضَهُ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ وَهُوَ ابْنُ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ فَأَجَازَهُ
Imam Nafi’ says that it is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he was presented to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) at the time of the Battle of Uhud, while he was fourteen years old, but the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not permit him. Then he was presented at the time of the Battle of Khandaq at the age of fifteen, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) granted him permission.
Hadith 6082
عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ يَعْنِي ابْنَ سِيرِينَ أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا نَزَلَتْ عَلَى صَفِيَّةَ أُمِّ طَلْحَةَ الطَّلْحَاتِ فَرَأَتْ بَنَاتٍ لَهَا يُصَلِّينَ بِغَيْرِ خِمْرَةٍ قَدْ حِضْنَ قَالَ فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ لَا تُصَلِّيَنَّ جَارِيَةٌ مِنْهُنَّ إِلَّا فِي خِمَارٍ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ دَخَلَ عَلَيَّ وَكَانَتْ فِي حِجْرِي جَارِيَةٌ فَأَلْقَى عَلَيَّ حَقْوَهُ فَقَالَ شُقِّيهِ بَيْنَ هَذِهِ وَبَيْنَ الْفَتَاةِ الَّتِي فِي حِجْرِ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ فَإِنِّي لَا أَرَاهَا إِلَّا قَدْ حَاضَتْ أَوْ لَا أَرَاهُمَا إِلَّا قَدْ حَاضَتَا
It is narrated from Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that she went to Sayyida Umm Talha Talhat Safiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) and saw that mature girls were praying without scarves. So she said: None of these girls should pray without a scarf. Once, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to me while a girl was under my care. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) gave me his lower garment and said: Tear this lower garment and give it to this girl and the girl being raised under the care of Umm Salamah, because I think both of them have reached maturity.
