الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب السلم كتاب القرض والدينBook of Salam, Loans, and Debts
بَابُ التَّشْدِيدِ عَلَى الْمَدِينِ إِذَا لَمْ يُرِدِ الْوَفَاءَ أَوْ تَهَاوَنَ فِيْهِ وَعَدْمِ صَلَاةِ الْفَاضِلِ عَلَى مَنْ مَاتَ وَعَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ
Chapter: Strictness regarding the debtor who does not intend to repay or is negligent, and the virtuous not praying over one who dies in debt
Hadith 6024
عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَحْشٍ أَنَّ رَجُلًا جَاءَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ مَالِي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنْ قُتِلْتُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ قَالَ الْجَنَّةُ فَلَمَّا وَلَّى قَالَ إِلَّا الدَّيْنَ سَارَّنِي بِهِ جِبْرِيلُ آنِفًا
Narrated by Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever takes wealth from people (as a loan or otherwise) with the intention of repaying it, Allah Almighty assists him in its repayment. But whoever takes people's wealth with the intention of wasting it, Allah Almighty also destroys him.
Hadith 6025
عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَحْشٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَكَرَ مِثْلَهُ
Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Jahsh (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates from his father (Abdullah bin Jahsh, may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: A man came to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ... then the hadith was narrated in the same manner.
Hadith 6026
عَنْ سَلْمَةَ بْنِ الْأَكْوَعِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كُنْتُ جَالِسًا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأُتِيَ بِجَنَازَةٍ فَقَالَ هَلْ تَرَكَ مِنْ دَيْنٍ قَالُوا لَا قَالَ هَلْ تَرَكَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ قَالُوا لَا قَالَ نُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ أُتِيَ بِأُخْرَى فَقَالَ هَلْ تَرَكَ مِنْ دَيْنٍ قَالُوا لَا قَالَ هَلْ تَرَكَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ قَالُوا نَعَمْ ثَلَاثَةَ دَنَانِيرَ قَالَ فَقَالَ بِأَصَابِعِهِ ثَلَاثَ كَيَّاتٍ قَالَ ثُمَّ أُتِيَ بِالثَّالِثَةِ فَقَالَ هَلْ تَرَكَ مِنْ دَيْنٍ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ هَلْ تَرَكَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ قَالُوا لَا قَالَ فَصَلُّوا عَلَى صَاحِبِكُمْ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ زَادَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ عَلَيَّ دَيْنُهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ
Narrated from Sayyiduna Salamah bin Akwa’ (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I was sitting with the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) when a funeral was brought. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: Did this deceased leave any debt? The people said: No. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: Did he leave any inheritance? The people said: No. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed his funeral prayer. Then another funeral was brought. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked about him: Did he leave any debt? They said: No. Then he asked: Did he leave any inheritance? They said: Yes, he left three dinars. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), counting on his fingers, said: These are three marks of fire. Then a third funeral was brought. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: Was he in debt? They said: Yes, he was in debt. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: Did he leave any inheritance? They said: No. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Then you perform his funeral prayer yourselves. Upon hearing this, Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! His debt is upon me. Then the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed his funeral prayer.
Hadith 6027
عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ أَعْظَمَ الذُّنُوبِ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَنْ يَلْقَاهُ عَبْدٌ بِهَا بَعْدَ الْكَبَائِرِ الَّتِي نَهَى عَنْهَا أَنْ يَمُوتَ الرَّجُلُ وَعَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ لَا يَدَعَ لَهُ قَضَاءً
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Musa Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: After the well-known major sins forbidden by Allah Almighty, the greatest sin in the sight of Allah is that a person dies in such a state that he is in debt and has not left any inheritance to pay it off.
Hadith 6028
عَنْ صُهَيْبِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ ادَّانَ مِنْ رَجُلٍ دَيْنًا وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ أَنَّهُ لَا يُرِيدُ أَدَاءَهُ إِلَيْهِ فَغَرَّهُ بِاللَّهِ وَاسْتَحَلَّ مَالَهُ بِالْبَاطِلِ لَقِيَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَوْمَ يَلْقَاهُ وَهُوَ سَارِقٌ
Narrated by Sayyiduna Suhaib bin Sinan (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever takes a loan from another person and Allah Almighty knows that he does not intend to repay it, then it means that he has deceived in the name of Allah Almighty and acquired his wealth in a wrongful manner. Such a person will meet Allah Almighty in the state of being a thief.
Hadith 6029
عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَحْشٍ قَالَ كُنَّا جُلُوسًا بِفِنَاءِ الْمَسْجِدِ حَيْثُ تُوضَعُ الْجَنَائِزُ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَيْنَا فَرَفَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَصَرَهُ قِبَلَ السَّمَاءِ فَنَظَرَ ثُمَّ طَأْطَأَ بَصَرَهُ وَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى جَبْهَتِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ مَا ذَا أُنْزِلَ مِنَ التَّشْدِيدِ قَالَ فَسَكَتْنَا يَوْمَنَا وَلَيْلَتَنَا فَلَمْ نَرَ إِلَّا خَيْرًا حَتَّى أَصْبَحْنَا قَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ فَسَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا التَّشْدِيدُ الَّذِي نَزَلَ قَالَ فِي الدَّيْنِ وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا قُتِلَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ عَاشَ ثُمَّ قُتِلَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ عَاشَ ثُمَّ قُتِلَ وَعَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ مَا دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ حَتَّى يَقْضِيَ دَيْنَهُ
Narrated from Sayyiduna Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Jahsh (may Allah be pleased with them both), he says: We were sitting in the courtyard of the mosque at the place where the funeral biers are placed. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was also present among us. Suddenly, he raised his gaze towards the sky, then lowered his sight and placed his blessed hand on his forehead and said: "Subhan Allah! Subhan Allah! How severe a hardship is descending." We remained silent for a day and night, while we had only received goodness. The next day, when morning came, Sayyiduna Muhammad (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: "What was that hardship which was descending?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "It was about debt. By the One in whose hand is the soul of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him)! If someone is killed in the way of Allah, then brought back to life, then killed again in the way of Allah, then brought back to life, then killed again, then brought back to life, and upon him is a debt, he will not be able to enter Paradise until his debt is paid."
