الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
أبواب الرباChapters on Usury
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي الصَّرْفِ وَهُوَ بَيْعُ الْوَرَقِ بِالذَّهَبِ نَسِينَةٌ يَعْنِي دينا
Chapter: What has been reported regarding currency exchange, i.e., selling silver for gold on credit, meaning dinars
Hadith 5974
عَنْ أَبِي الْمِنْهَالِ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ الْبَرَاءَ بْنَ عَازِبٍ وَزَيْدَ بْنَ أَرْقَمَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا عَنِ الصَّرْفِ فَهَذَا يَقُولُ سَلْ هَذَا فَإِنَّهُ خَيْرٌ مِنِّي وَأَعْلَمُ وَهَذَا يَقُولُ سَلْ هَذَا فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنِّي وَأَعْلَمُ قَالَ فَسَأَلْتُهُمَا فَكِلَاهُمَا يَقُولُ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْوَرِقِ بِالذَّهَبِ دَيْنًا
Abu Minhal says: I asked Sayyiduna Bara’ bin Azib and Sayyiduna Zayd bin Arqam (may Allah be pleased with them both) about the exchange of gold and silver, but one of them said: Ask him, for he is better and more knowledgeable than me, and the other said: Ask him, for he is better and more knowledgeable than me. Then I asked both of them, and both said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade selling gold for silver on credit.
Hadith 5975
وَعَنْهُ أَيْضًا أَنَّ زَيْدَ بْنَ أَرْقَمَ وَالْبَرَاءَ بْنَ عَازِبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا كَانَا شَرِيكَيْنِ فَاشْتَرَيَا فِضَّةً بِنَقْدٍ وَنَسِيئَةٍ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَمَرَهُمَا أَنْ مَا كَانَ بِنَقَدٍ فَأَجِيزُوهُ وَمَا كَانَ نَسِيئَةً فَرُدُّوهُ
It is narrated from Abu Minhal that Sayyiduna Zayd bin Arqam and Sayyiduna Bara’ bin Azib (may Allah be pleased with them both) were partners and associates. Once, they bought some silver, part in cash and part on credit. When the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) came to know of this, he instructed both of them, saying: Keep the transaction that was done in cash, and return what was done on credit.
Hadith 5976
عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ ذَكْوَانَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَأَبِي سَعِيدٍ وَجَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ أَوْ اثْنَيْنِ مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ الثَّلَاثَةِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى عَنِ الصَّرْفِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah, Sayyiduna Abu Sa‘id, and Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with them), either from all three or from two of them, that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) forbade the transaction of sarf (exchange of gold and silver).
Hadith 5977
عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ قَالَ قَدِمَ هِشَامُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ الْبَصْرَةَ فَوَجَدَهُمْ يَتَبَايَعُونَ الذَّهَبَ فَقَامَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الذَّهَبِ بِالْوَرِقِ نَسِيئَةً وَأَخْبَرَ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ هُوَ الرِّبَا
It is narrated from Abu Qalabah that Sayyiduna Hisham bin ‘Amir (may Allah be pleased with him) came to Basra and saw that people there were buying gold in exchange for silver on credit. So he stood up and said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade selling gold for silver on credit, and also said that this is usury.
Hadith 5978
عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَوْسِ بْنِ الْحَدَثَانِ قَالَ صَرَفْتُ عِنْدَ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَرِقًا بِذَهَبٍ فَقَالَ أَنْظِرْنِي حَتَّى يَأْتِيَنَا خَازِنُنَا مِنَ الْغَابَةِ قَالَ فَسَمِعَهَا عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ لَا وَاللَّهِ لَا تُفَارِقُهُ حَتَّى تَسْتَوْفِيَ عَنْهُ صَرْفَهُ فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ الذَّهَبُ بِالْوَرِقِ رِبًا إِلَّا هَاءَ وَهَاءَ
Sayyiduna Malik bin Aws bin Hadthan says: I engaged in a currency exchange of silver for gold with Sayyiduna Talhah bin Ubaidullah (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: Grant me respite until my clerk returns from Ghabah. But Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) heard this and said: No, by Allah! You cannot separate from them before taking the coins in exchange, because I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: Trading silver for gold is usury, except when it is hand to hand.
Hadith 5979
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ سَأَلْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَشْتَرِي الذَّهَبَ بِالْفِضَّةِ أَوِ الْفِضَّةَ بِالذَّهَبِ قَالَ إِذَا أَخَذْتَ وَاحِدًا مِنْهُمَا بِالْآخَرِ فَلَا يُفَارِقُكَ صَاحِبُكَ وَبَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَهُ لَبْسٌ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, that he said: I asked the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, whether I could buy gold in exchange for silver or silver in exchange for gold. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: When you purchase one thing in exchange for another, your companion should not part from you while there remains anything related to that transaction between you and him.
Hadith 5980
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ كُنْتُ أَبِيعُ الْإِبِلَ بِالْبَقِيعِ فَأَبِيعُ بِالدَّنَانِيرِ وَآخُذُ الدَّرَاهِمَ وَأَبِيعُ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ وَآخُذُ الدَّنَانِيرَ فَأَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ حُجْرَتَهُ وَفِي لَفْظٍ فَوَجَدْتُهُ خَارِجًا مِنْ بَيْتِ حَفْصَةَ فَأَخَذْتُ بِثَوْبِهِ فَسَأَلْتُهُ فَقَالَ إِذَا أَخَذْتَ وَاحِدًا مِنْهَا بِالْآخَرِ فَلَا يُفَارِقَنَّكَ وَبَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَهُ بَيْعٌ وَفِي لَفْظٍ فَقَالَ لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ تَأْخُذَهَا بِسِعْرِ يَوْمِهَا مَا لَمْ تَفْتَرِقَا وَبَيْنَكُمَا شَيْءٌ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), he says: I used to trade camels in Baqi‘ and would deal in dinars, but would take dirhams instead, and similarly, I would deal in dirhams and would take dinars instead. So I came to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) while he was either entering his chamber or coming out of the house of Sayyidah Hafsa (may Allah be pleased with her). I held onto his garment and asked him about this trade. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: (It is permissible, but) when you exchange one thing for another in dirhams and dinars, then let not the other man separate from you while there remains anything of that transaction between you. In another narration, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: If you take it at the rate of that same day, then there is no harm in doing so, but the condition is that you do not separate while there remains anything of that transaction between you.
