الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب البيوع والكسب والمعاش وما يتعلق بالتجارةBook of Sales, Earnings, Livelihood, and Matters Related to Trade
بَابُ النَّهْي عَنْ تَلَقَّى الرُّكْبَانِ وَأَنْ يَبِيعَ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادِ
Chapter: Prohibition of intercepting caravans and a townsman selling for a Bedouin
Hadith 5878
عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا ابْتَعْتُمْ طَعَامًا فَلَا تَبِيعُوهُ حَتَّى تَقْبِضُوهُ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with both of them) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: When you buy any grain, do not sell it further before taking possession of it.
Hadith 5879
عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي أَشْتَرِي بُيُوعًا فَمَا يَحِلُّ لِي مِنْهَا وَمَا يَحْرُمُ عَلَيَّ قَالَ فَإِذَا اشْتَرَيْتَ بَيْعًا فَلَا تَبِعْهُ حَتَّى تَقْبِضَهُ
Narrated by Sayyiduna Hakim bin Hizam (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I said, "O Messenger of Allah! When I buy some things, which of them are lawful for me and which are unlawful?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When you buy something, do not sell it further until you have taken possession of it."
Hadith 5880
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَدِمَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الشَّامِ بِزَيْتٍ فَسَاوَمْتُهُ فِيمَنْ سَاوَمَهُ مِنَ التُّجَّارِ حَتَّى ابْتَعْتُهُ مِنْهُ حَتَّى قَالَ فَقَامَ إِلَيَّ رَجُلٌ فَرَبَّحَنِي فِيهِ حَتَّى أَرْضَانِي قَالَ فَأَخَذْتُ بِيَدِهِ لِأَضْرِبَ عَلَيْهَا فَأَخَذَ رَجُلٌ بِذِرَاعِي مِنْ خَلْفِي فَالْتَفَتُّ فَإِذَا زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ لَا تَبِعْهُ حَيْثُ ابْتَعْتَهُ حَتَّى تَحُوزَهُ إِلَى رَحْلِكَ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ نَهَى عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَأَمْسَكْتُ يَدِي
Narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), he says: A man from Syria came with oil, and the traders began to bargain with him. I was also among them and I bought from him. At that place, another man came forward to buy, he offered me a reasonable profit and persuaded me to make the deal. So I took his hand in order to strike my hand on his (to finalize the deal), but meanwhile someone grabbed my arm from behind. When I turned around, it was Sayyiduna Zaid bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: Whenever you buy something, take it to your house before selling it further, because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has forbidden this. So I withheld my hand.
Hadith 5881
عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ أَنَّ صِكَاكَ التُّجَّارِ خَرَجَتْ فَاسْتَأْذَنَ التُّجَّارُ مَرْوَانَ فِي بَيْعِهَا فَأَذِنَ لَهُمْ فَدَخَلَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَذِنْتَ فِي بَيْعِ الرِّبَا وَقَدْ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يُشْتَرَى الطَّعَامُ ثُمَّ يُبَاعَ حَتَّى يُسْتَوْفَى قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ فَرَأَيْتُ مَرْوَانَ بَعَثَ الْحَرَسَ فَجَعَلُوا يَنْتَزِعُونَ الصِّكَاكَ مِنْ أَيْدِي مَنْ لَا يَتَحَرَّجُ مِنْهُمْ
It is narrated from Sulayman bin Yasar that some traders who had checks went out and sought permission from Marwan to sell those checks. He granted them permission. In the meantime, Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) arrived at Marwan's place and said: "You have permitted the traders to buy and sell with interest. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade this, that grain should not be sold before it is fully taken into possession after purchase." Upon hearing this, Marwan sent his guards, and they began to snatch the checks from the hands of those people who were not facing hardship.
Hadith 5882
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ كُنَّا نَبْتَاعُ الطَّعَامَ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَيَبْعَثُ عَلَيْنَا مَنْ يَأْمُرُنَا بِنَقْلِهِ مِنَ الْمَكَانِ الَّذِي ابْتَعْنَاهُ فِيهِ إِلَى مَكَانٍ سِوَاهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ نَبِيعَهُ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), he says: During the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), we used to buy grain, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would send a man to us who would instruct us that the grain which you have bought at this place, before selling it, take it to another place.
Hadith 5883
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنِ ابْتَاعَ طَعَامًا زَادَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ بِكَيْلٍ أَوْ وَزْنٍ فَلَا يَبِعْهُ حَتَّى يَسْتَوْفِيَهُ
Narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever buys grain by measure or weight should not sell it until he has taken full possession of it.
Hadith 5884
عَنْ سَالِمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يُضْرَبُونَ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا اشْتَرَوْا طَعَامًا جُزَافًا أَنْ يَبِيعُوهُ فِي مَكَانِهِ حَتَّى يُؤْوُوهُ إِلَى رِحَالِهِمْ
Salim narrates from his father, Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them), who says that those people who used to buy grain by estimation during the Prophetic era were punished for starting to sell it at the same place, (and it was ordered) that they should first transfer it to their homes.
Hadith 5885
عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ كَانُوا يَتَبَايَعُونَ الطَّعَامَ جُزَافًا أَعْلَى السُّوقِ فَنَهَاهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يَبِيعُوهُ حَتَّى يَنْقُلُوهُ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that people used to buy and sell grain in the upper part of the market without measuring it. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade selling that grain further without transferring it from there.
Hadith 5886
عَنْ طَاوُوسٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى أَنْ يَبِيعَ الرَّجُلُ طَعَامًا حَتَّى يَسْتَوْفِيَهُ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ كَيْفَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ ذَلِكَ دَرَاهِمُ بِدَرَاهِمَ وَالطَّعَامُ مُرْجَأٌ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade a man from buying grain and then starting to sell it before taking full possession of it. Tawus says: I asked, how does this happen? He said: This becomes a sale of dirham for dirham, and the grain is left behind.
Hadith 5887
(وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) قَالَ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ أَمَّا الَّذِي نَهَى عَنْهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يُبَاعَ حَتَّى يُقْبَضَ فَالطَّعَامُ وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ بِرَأْيِهِ وَلَا أَحْسَبُ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا مِثْلَهُ
(Second chain) Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) says: The thing which the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) forbade to sell before taking possession of it is grain, but I think that the ruling for every item is like that of grain.
