الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب البيوع والكسب والمعاش وما يتعلق بالتجارةBook of Sales, Earnings, Livelihood, and Matters Related to Trade
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي بَيْعِ الْخَمْرِ وَالنَّجَاسَةِ وَمَا لَا نَفْعَ فِيهِ النَّهَى عَن ثَمَنِ الكَلْبِ وَالنور والحرية ومهر البغي وَحُلْوَانِ الْكَاهِنِ وَبَيْعِ الْمُغَنِيَاتِ
Chapter: What has been reported regarding the sale of wine, impurities, and things of no benefit; prohibition of the price of dogs, singing girls, soothsaying, prostitution, and the like
Hadith 5799
Under this chapter, the following sub-chapters and hadiths have been mentioned.
قَالَ عَطَاءُ بْنُ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ سَمِعْتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا وَهُوَ بِمَكَّةَ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَرَسُولَهُ حَرَّمَ بَيْعَ الْخَمْرِ وَالْمَيْتَةِ وَالْخِنْزِيرِ وَالْأَصْنَامِ فَقِيلَ لَهُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَرَأَيْتَ شُحُومَ الْمَيْتَةِ فَإِنَّهُ يُدْهَنُ بِهَا السُّفُنُ وَيُدْهَنُ بِهَا الْجُلُودُ وَيَسْتَصْبِحُ بِهَا النَّاسُ قَالَ لَا هُوَ حَرَامٌ ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ قَاتَلَ اللَّهُ الْيَهُودَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَمَّا حَرَّمَ عَلَيْهَا الشُّحُومَ جَمَلُوهَا ثُمَّ بَاعُوهَا وَأَكَلُوا أَثْمَانَهَا
Ata bin Abi Rabah says that in Makkah Mukarramah, Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated that in the year of the conquest of Makkah, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Allah Almighty and His Messenger have declared the trade of alcohol, carrion, swine, and idols to be forbidden. At that time, someone said: O Messenger of Allah! Consider the ruling regarding the fat of carrion, because it is used to caulk ships and soften hides, and people also use it to light lamps. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: No, its trade is forbidden. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: May Allah destroy the Jews; when Allah Almighty forbade them the fat, they melted it and sold it and consumed its price.
Hadith 5800
عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ وَهُوَ بِمَكَّةَ يَقُولُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ حَرَّمَ بَيْعَ الْخَمْرِ فَذَكَرَ مِثْلَهُ
Narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said on the occasion of the conquest of Makkah, while he was in Makkah: Allah Almighty and His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) have declared the trade of alcohol to be forbidden, ... . Then the narrator mentioned a hadith similar to the above-mentioned hadith.
Hadith 5801
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ لَمَّا نَزَلَتِ الْآيَاتُ مِنْ آخِرِ الْبَقَرَةِ فِي الرِّبَا خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ وَحَرَّمَ التِّجَارَةَ فِي الْخَمْرِ
Narrated by Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), she says: When the verses related to usury at the end of Surah Al-Baqarah were revealed, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to the mosque and declared the buying and selling of alcohol forbidden.
Hadith 5802
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَاعِدًا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ مُسْتَقْبِلًا الْحَجَرَ قَالَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَضَحِكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَعَنَ اللَّهُ الْيَهُودَ حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الْشُّحُومُ فَبَاعُوهَا وَأَكَلُوا أَثْمَانَهَا وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِذَا حَرَّمَ عَلَى قَوْمٍ أَكْلَ شَيْءٍ حَرَّمَ عَلَيْهِمْ ثَمَنَهُ
Narrated by Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that once the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was sitting in Masjid al-Haram in front of the Black Stone. Suddenly, he (peace and blessings be upon him) looked towards the sky and began to smile, and then said: May Allah curse the Jews; fat was made unlawful for them, but they sold it and consumed its price. Indeed, when Allah makes something unlawful for people to eat, He also makes its price unlawful for them.
Hadith 5803
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَحْوَهُ
A similar hadith is also narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him.
Hadith 5804
عَنْ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ الْبُنَانِيِّ قَالَ كُنْتُ مَعَ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ إِنِّي أَشْتَرِي هَذِهِ الْحِيطَانَ تَكُونُ فِيهَا الْأَعْنَابُ فَلَا نَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ نَبِيعَهَا كُلَّهَا عِنَبًا حَتَّى نَعْصِرَهُ قَالَ فَعَنْ ثَمَنِ الْخَمْرِ تَسْأَلُنِي سَأُحَدِّثُكَ حَدِيثًا سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ كُنَّا جُلُوسًا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذْ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ ثُمَّ أَكَبَّ وَنَكَتَ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَقَالَ الْوَيْلُ لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ أَفْزَعَنَا قَوْلُكَ لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ بَأْسٌ إِنَّهُمْ لَمَّا حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الْشُّحُومُ فَتَوَاطَأُوهُ فَيَبِيعُونَهُ فَيَأْكُلُونَ ثَمَنَهُ وَكَذَلِكَ ثَمَنُ الْخَمْرِ عَلَيْكُمْ حَرَامٌ
Abdul Wahid Banani says: I was present with Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), when a man came to him and said: O Abu Abdur Rahman! I buy orchards, and some of them have grapes on them. Since it is not possible to sell all of them as grapes, can we extract their juice? Sayyiduna Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Are you asking me about the price of wine? Now I will narrate to you a hadith: We were sitting with the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), when suddenly he raised his head towards the sky, then lowered it towards the earth, scratched the ground, and then said: Destruction is for the Children of Israel. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) submitted: O Messenger of Allah! Your statement regarding the Children of Israel has made us anxious. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: There should be no concern for you in this. When fat was made unlawful for them, they resorted to trickery, melted it (the fat), sold it, and consumed its price. In exactly the same way, the price of wine is unlawful for you.
Hadith 5805
عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ الثَّقَفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ بَاعَ الْخَمْرَ فَلْيُشَقِّصِ الْخَنَازِيرَ يَعْنِي يُقَصِّبُهَا
Narrated by Sayyiduna Mughira (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever trades in alcohol should become a butcher of swine.
Hadith 5806
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا ذُكِرَ لِعُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ سَمُرَةَ وَقَالَ مَرَّةً بَلَغَ عُمَرَ أَنَّ سَمُرَةَ بَاعَ خَمْرًا قَالَ قَاتَلَ اللَّهُ سَمُرَةَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَعَنَ اللَّهُ الْيَهُودَ حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الْشُّحُومُ فَجَمَلُوهَا فَبَاعُوهَا
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that when Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) was informed that Sayyiduna Samrah (may Allah be pleased with him) had sold wine, he said: May Allah destroy Samrah. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said that Allah Almighty cursed the Jews because fat was made unlawful for them, but they melted it and began to sell it.
Hadith 5807
عَنْ نَافِعِ بْنِ كَيْسَانَ أَنَّ أَبَاهُ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَتَّجِرُ بِالْخَمْرِ فِي زَمَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَنَّهُ أَقْبَلَ مِنَ الْشَّامِ وَمَعَهُ خَمْرٌ فِي الزِّقَاقِ يُرِيدُ بِهَا التِّجَارَةَ فَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي جِئْتُكَ بِشَرَابٍ جَيِّدٍ فَقَالَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَا كَيْسَانُ إِنَّهَا قَدْ حُرِّمَتْ بَعْدَكَ قَالَ أَفَأَبِيعُهَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّهَا قَدْ حُرِّمَتْ وَحُرِّمَ ثَمَنُهَا فَانْطَلَقَ كَيْسَانُ إِلَى الزِّقَاقِ فَأَخَذَ بِأَرْجُلِهَا ثُمَّ أَهْرَاقَهَا
Nafi’ bin Kaysan says: My father told me that he used to trade in wine during the time of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him). In this regard, he brought wineskins from Syria, but when he said, “O Messenger of Allah! I have brought very fine wine to you,” the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “O Kaysan! Wine has been made unlawful after your departure.” He said: “O Messenger of Allah! Can I sell it then?” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “It itself has been made unlawful, and its selling has also been made unlawful.” So Kaysan went to those wineskins, grabbed them by their corners, and poured them out.
Hadith 5808
عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ وَعْلَةَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا عَنْ بَيْعِ الْخَمْرِ فَقَالَ كَانَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ صَدِيقٌ مِنْ ثَقِيفٍ أَوْ مِنْ دَوْسٍ فَلَقِيَهُ بِمَكَّةَ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ بِرَاوِيَةِ خَمْرٍ يَهْدِيهَا إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَا أَبَا فُلَانٍ أَمَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ حَرَّمَهَا فَأَقْبَلَ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى غُلَامِهِ فَقَالَ اذْهَبْ فَبِعْهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَا أَبَا فُلَانٍ أَمَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ حَرَّمَهَا فَأَقْبَلَ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى غُلَامِهِ فَقَالَ اذْهَبْ فَبِعْهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَا أَبَا فُلَانٍ بِمَاذَا أَمَرْتَهُ قَالَ أَمَرْتُهُ أَنْ يَبِيعَهَا قَالَ إِنَّ الَّذِي حَرَّمَ شُرْبَهَا حَرَّمَ بَيْعَهَا فَأَمَرَ بِهَا فَأُفْرِغَتْ فِي الْبَطْحَاءِ
Abdur Rahman bin Wa’lah says: I asked Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) about the buying and selling of wine. He said: A man from the tribe of Thaqif or Daws was a friend of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). He brought a jug of wine to Makkah in the year of the conquest of Makkah to present it as a gift to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), but the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: O Abu So-and-so! Do you not know that Allah Almighty has forbidden it? That man ordered his slave, saying: Take it and sell it. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: Abu So-and-so! What did you order your slave to do? He said: I ordered him to sell it. Upon hearing this, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The One who has forbidden its drinking has also forbidden its selling. Upon hearing this, the man ordered regarding that wine, so it was poured out in the valley of Batha.
Hadith 5809
عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ غَنَمٍ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ أَنَّ الدَّارِيَّ كَانَ يُهْدِي لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ كُلَّ عَامٍ رَاوِيَةً مِنْ خَمْرٍ فَلَمَّا كَانَ عَامَ حُرِّمَتْ فَجَاءَهُ بِرَاوِيَةٍ فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ ضَحِكَ قَالَ هَلْ شَعَرْتَ أَنَّهَا قَدْ حُرِّمَتْ بَعْدَكَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَفَلَا أَبِيعُهَا فَأَنْتَفِعُ بِثَمَنِهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَعَنَ اللَّهُ الْيَهُودَ انْطَلَقُوا إِلَى مَا حُرِّمَ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ شُحُومِ الْبَقَرِ وَالْغَنَمِ فَأَذَابُوهُ فَجَعَلُوهُ ثَمَنًا لَهُ وَفِي لَفْظٍ فَأَذَابُوهُ وَجَعَلُوهُ إِهَالَةً فَبَاعُوا بِهِ مَا يَأْكُلُونَ وَإِنَّ الْخَمْرَ حَرَامٌ وَثَمَنُهَا حَرَامٌ وَإِنَّ الْخَمْرَ حَرَامٌ وَثَمَنُهَا حَرَامٌ وَإِنَّ الْخَمْرَ حَرَامٌ وَثَمَنُهَا حَرَامٌ
Abdur Rahman bin Ghanm narrates that Sayyiduna Dari (may Allah be pleased with him) used to present a jug of wine every year to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) as a gift. The year in which the prohibition of wine was revealed, he came as usual with the jug. When the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) saw him, he smiled and said: Perhaps you are not aware that after you (last brought it), this wine has been made unlawful. He said: No, I did not know, O Messenger of Allah! Can I now sell it and benefit from its price? The Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) said: May Allah curse the Jews; the fat of the cow and goat which was made unlawful for them, they melted it, then set its price, and then sold it and consumed its price. And indeed, wine is unlawful and its price is also unlawful. Indeed, wine is unlawful and its price is also unlawful. Indeed, it is unlawful and its price is also unlawful.
