الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب البيوع والكسب والمعاش وما يتعلق بالتجارةBook of Sales, Earnings, Livelihood, and Matters Related to Trade
بَابُ دَمِ الْكَذِبِ وَالْحَلْفِ لِتَرْوِيجِ السِّلْعَةِ وَذَمِ الأَسْوَاقِ
Chapter: Condemnation of lying and swearing to promote goods, and condemnation of markets
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Hadith 5781
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ يَبْلُغُ بِهِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْيَمِينُ الْكَاذِبَةُ مَنْفَقَةٌ لِلسِّلْعَةِ مَمْحَقَةٌ لِلْكَسْبِ
Narrated by Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him), the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Through a false oath, goods may be sold, but the blessing is removed from the earnings.
Hadith 5782
عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ شِبْلٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ التُّجَّارَ هُمُ الْفُجَّارُ قَالَ قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَوَلَيْسَ قَدْ أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ الْبَيْعَ قَالَ بَلَى وَلَكِنَّهُمْ يُحَدِّثُونَ فَيَكْذِبُونَ وَيَحْلِفُونَ وَيَأْثَمُونَ
Narrated by Sayyiduna Abdur Rahman bin Shibl (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Traders are evil people." Someone said to him (peace and blessings be upon him): "O Messenger of Allah! Has Allah Almighty not made trade lawful?" He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Yes, of course, but the thing is that when these people speak, they lie, and when they swear (false) oaths, they become sinful."
Hadith 5783
عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ إِيَّاكُمْ وَكَثْرَةَ الْحَلِفِ فِي الْبَيْعِ فَإِنَّهُ يُنْفِقُ ثُمَّ يَمْحَقُ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Avoid excessive swearing in trade, for although it makes the goods sell, the blessing is erased.
Hadith 5784
عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ أَبِي غَرَزَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كُنَّا نُسَمَّى السَّمَاسِرَةَ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَفِي لَفْظٍ كُنَّا نَبِيعُ الرَّقِيقَ فِي السُّوقِ وَفِي لَفْظٍ آخَرَ كُنَّا نَبْتَاعُ الْأَوْسَاقَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فَأَتَانَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالْبَقِيعِ فَقَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ التُّجَّارِ فَسَمَّانَا بِاسْمٍ أَحْسَنَ مِنْ اسْمِنَا وَفِي لَفْظٍ أَحْسَنَ مِمَّا سَمَّيْنَا بِهِ أَنْفُسَنَا فَقَالَ إِنَّ الْبَيْعَ يَحْضُرُهُ الْحَلِفُ وَالْكَذِبُ فَشُوبُوهُ بِالصَّدَقَةِ وَفِي لَفْظٍ إِنَّ هَذِهِ السُّوقَ يُخَالِطُهَا اللَّغْوُ وَحَلْفٌ فَشُوبُوهَا بِصَدَقَةٍ
Narrated from Sayyiduna Qais bin Garzah (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: In the time of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), we (traders) were called samasir, that is, brokers. In one narration it is stated: We used to sell slaves in the market. In another narration it is stated: We used to sell goods in Madinah Munawwarah. Once, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to us in Baqi‘ and said: O group of traders! Thus, he (peace and blessings be upon him) gave us a better name than our previous one. In one narration it is stated: The name we had chosen for ourselves, he (peace and blessings be upon him) gave us a better name than that. Also, he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: In trade, unlawful oaths and lies become mixed, so give charity along with it. In one narration it is stated: In these markets, idle talk and false oaths are common, so give charity along with them.
Hadith 5785
عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ أَرَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يَنْهَى عَنْ بَيْعٍ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهَا مَعَايِشُنَا قَالَ فَقَالَ لَا خِلَابَةَ إِذًا وَكُنَّا نُسَمَّى السَّمَاسِرَةَ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ
It is narrated from a companion that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, intended to prohibit trade, but the companions said: O Messenger of Allah! This trade is our means of livelihood. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Then there should be no deception in it. At that time, we were called brokers.
Hadith 5786
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ رُبَّ يَمِينٍ لَا تَصْعَدُ إِلَى اللَّهِ بِهَذِهِ الْبُقْعَةِ فَرَأَيْتُ فِيهَا النَّخَّاسِينَ بَعْدُ
Narrated by Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him), the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: There are so many oaths in this place that do not ascend to Allah Almighty. Then I saw in this place those who sell livestock and slaves.
Hadith 5787
عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَيُّ الْبُلْدَانِ شَرٌّ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَا أَدْرِي فَلَمَّا أَتَاهُ جِبْرِيلُ قَالَ يَا جِبْرِيلُ أَيُّ الْبِلَادِ شَرٌّ قَالَ لَا أَدْرِي حَتَّى أَسْأَلَ رَبِّي عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَانْطَلَقَ جِبْرِيلُ ثُمَّ مَكَثَ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَمْكُثَ ثُمَّ جَاءَ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّكَ سَأَلْتَنِي أَيُّ الْبُلْدَانِ شَرٌّ فَقُلْتُ لَا أَدْرِي وَإِنِّي سَأَلْتُ رَبِّي عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَيُّ الْبُلْدَانِ شَرٌّ فَقَالَ أَسْوَاقُهَا
Narrated from Sayyiduna Jubair bin Mut’im (may Allah be pleased with him) that a man came to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah! Which part of the earth is the worst? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) replied: I do not know. When Jibreel (peace be upon him) came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he asked him this question, but he said: I also do not know, but I will ask my Lord. So he left, then after some delay or period, when he returned, he said: O Muhammad! You had asked about the worst part of the earth and I had said that I do not know, then I asked my Lord, so He said that the worst part of the surface of the earth is the marketplaces.
