الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب البيوع والكسب والمعاش وما يتعلق بالتجارةBook of Sales, Earnings, Livelihood, and Matters Related to Trade
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي عَطَاءِ السُّلْطَانِ وَكَسْبِ عُمَّالِ الصَّدَقَةِ باب مَا جَاءَ فِي الْكَسْبِ بِالزِرَاعَةِ وَفَضْلِهَا
Chapter: What has been reported regarding gifts from rulers and the earnings of charity workers; what has been reported regarding earning through agriculture and its virtue
Hadith 5735
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ السَّعْدِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ قَدِمَ عَلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فِي خِلَافَتِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ أَلَمْ أُحَدَّثْ أَنَّكَ تَلِي مِنْ أَعْمَالِ النَّاسِ أَعْمَالًا فَإِذَا أُعْطِيتَ الْعُمَالَةَ كَرِهْتَهَا قَالَ فَقُلْتُ بَلَى فَقَالَ عُمَرُ فَمَا تُرِيدُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ قَالَ قُلْتُ إِنَّ لِي أَفْرَاسًا وَأَعْبُدًا وَأَنَا بِخَيْرٍ وَأُرِيدُ أَنْ تَكُونَ عُمَالَتِي صَدَقَةً عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ فَلَا تَفْعَلْ فَإِنِّي قَدْ كُنْتُ أَرَدْتُ الَّذِي أَرَدْتَ فَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُعْطِينِي الْعَطَاءَ فَأَقُولُ أَعْطِهِ أَفْقَرَ إِلَيْهِ مِنِّي قَالَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ خُذْهُ فَتَمَوَّلْهُ وَتَصَدَّقْ بِهِ فَمَا جَاءَكَ مِنْ هَذَا الْمَالِ وَأَنْتَ غَيْرُ مُشْرِفٍ وَلَا سَائِلٍ فَخُذْهُ وَمَا لَا فَلَا تُتْبِعْهُ نَفْسَكَ
Abdullah bin Sa'di came to Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) during his caliphate. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him: I have come to know that you are appointed over the affairs of the people, and then when you are given wages for it, you dislike it. Is this true? He said: Yes. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: What is your intention in this? He said: I am the owner of horses, slaves, and wealth; I wish that this service of mine be considered charity for the Muslims. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Do not do this. I also had the same intention as you. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would give me something, I would say that you should give this to someone more in need than me. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would say: Take it, make it your property, and give charity from it. Whatever wealth comes to you without greed or asking, take it, and if it does not come to you in this way, then do not let your soul pursue it.
Hadith 5736
عَنْ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ أَمْوَالِ السَّلَاطِينَ فَقَالَ مَا آتَاكَ اللَّهُ مِنْهَا مِنْ غَيْرِ مَسْأَلَةٍ وَلَا إِشْرَافٍ فَكُلْهُ وَتَمَوَّلْهُ قَالَ وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ لَا بَأْسَ بِهَا مَا لَمْ يَرْحَلْ إِلَيْهَا وَيُشْرِفْ لَهَا
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Darda’ (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about the wealth of the rulers. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whatever wealth Allah gives you from them without you asking or being greedy for it, then eat from it and make it your own property. Hasan Basri (may Allah have mercy on him) said: There is no harm in taking (the rulers’) wealth for which a person does not have to go (to them) nor does he remain desirous of it.
Hadith 5737
عَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ الْعَامِلُ فِي الصَّدَقَةِ بِالْحَقِّ لِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ كَالْغَازِي فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ
Sayyiduna Rafi’ bin Khadij (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The collector of charity and alms, who does so for the pleasure of Allah and with justice, is like one who fights in the way of Allah, until he returns to his family.
Hadith 5738
عَنْ عَائِذِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَنْ عَرَضَ لَهُ شَيْءٌ مِنْ هَذَا الرِّزْقِ مِنْ غَيْرِ مَسْأَلَةٍ وَلَا إِشْرَافٍ فَلْيَتَوَسَّعْ بِهِ فِي رِزْقِهِ فَإِنْ كَانَ عَنْهُ غَنِيًّا فَلْيُوَجِّهْهُ إِلَى مَنْ هُوَ أَحْوَجُ إِلَيْهِ مِنْهُ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Aiz bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever receives sustenance without greed or asking, he should include it in his own sustenance to increase its abundance. But if he himself is free of need, then he should give it to someone more needy than himself.
Hadith 5739
عَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ آتَاهُ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى رِزْقًا مِنْ غَيْرِ مَسْأَلَةٍ فَلْيَقْبَلْهُ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ سَأَلْتُ أَبِي مَا الْإِشْرَافُ قَالَ تَقُولُ فِي نَفْسِكَ سَيَبْعَثُ إِلَيَّ فُلَانٌ سَيَصِلُنِي فُلَانٌ
(Second chain) The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Whoever Allah Almighty grants sustenance without him asking for it, he should accept it. Abdullah, the son of Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, says: I asked my father what is meant by "ashraf" (desiring wealth), he said: It is that you keep in your mind the thought that such-and-such person will send such-and-such thing to me, soon I will receive such-and-such thing.
Hadith 5740
عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَاعِيًا فَاسْتَأْذَنْتُهُ أَنْ نَأْكُلَ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ فَأَذِنَ لَنَا
Narrated by Sayyiduna Uqbah bin Amir (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) appointed me over the collection of charity and alms. When I sought permission to eat from the wealth of zakat during this service, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) granted us permission.
Hadith 5741
عَنِ الْمُسْتَوْرِدِ بْنِ شَدَّادٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ مَنْ وَلِيَ لَنَا عَمَلًا وَلَيْسَ لَهُ مَنْزِلٌ فَلْيَتَّخِذْ مَنْزِلًا أَوْ لَيْسَتْ لَهُ زَوْجَةٌ فَلْيَتَزَوَّجْ أَوْ لَيْسَ لَهُ خَادِمٌ فَلْيَتَّخِذْ خَادِمًا أَوْ لَيْسَ لَهُ دَابَّةٌ فَلْيَتَّخِذْ دَابَّةً وَمَنْ أَصَابَ شَيْئًا سِوَى ذَلِكَ فَهُوَ غَالٌّ أَوْ سَارِقٌ
Sayyiduna Mustawrid bin Shaddad (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever is appointed over our affairs, and if he does not have a house, he should acquire a house; if he does not have a wife, he should get married; if he does not have a servant, he should buy a servant; and if he does not have a mount, he should acquire a mount. But if he takes anything beyond this, he will be considered a betrayer and a thief.
Hadith 5742
عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ الْكِنْدِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ مَنْ عَمِلَ مِنْكُمْ لَنَا عَلَى عَمَلٍ فَكَتَمَنَا مِنْهُ مِخْيَطًا فَمَا فَوْقَهُ فَهُوَ غُلٌّ يَأْتِي بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ قَالَ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَسْوَدُ قَالَ مُجَالِدٌ هُوَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ اقْبَلْ عَنِّي عَمَلَكَ وَفِي لَفْظٍ لَا حَاجَةَ لِي فِي عَمَلِكَ فَقَالَ وَمَا ذَاكَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُكَ تَقُولُ كَذَا وَكَذَا قَالَ وَأَنَا أَقُولُ ذَلِكَ الْآنَ مَنِ اسْتَعْمَلْنَاهُ عَلَى عَمَلٍ فَلْيَجِئْ بِقَلِيلِهِ وَكَثِيرِهِ فَمَا أُوتِيَ مِنْهُ أَخَذَ وَمَا نُهِيَ عَنْهُ انْتَهَى
It is narrated from Sayyiduna ‘Adi bin ‘Amirah Kindi (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: O people! Whoever among you is appointed over our work and he hides a needle or anything more than that, then he is committing a betrayal, and on the Day of Resurrection, he will bring it with him. A man of black complexion stood up—his name was Sa‘d bin ‘Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him)—the narrator says it is as if I am still seeing him in that state, and he said: O Messenger of Allah! Take this position back from me, I have no need for it. The Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: What is the reason for this? He said: I have heard you say such strict things about it. The Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: I still say that whoever we assign any responsibility to, he should present everything before us, whether little or much. Then whatever is given to him, he should take, and from whatever he is withheld, he should refrain.
Hadith 5743
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ جَاءَ حَمْزَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ اجْعَلْنِي عَلَى شَيْءٍ أَعِيشُ بِهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَا حَمْزَةُ نَفْسٌ تُحْيِيهَا أَحَبُّ إِلَيْكَ أَمْ نَفْسٌ تُمِيتُهَا قَالَ بَلْ نَفْسٌ أُحْيِيهَا قَالَ عَلَيْكَ بِنَفْسِكَ
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: Sayyiduna Hamza (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah! Assign me a responsibility through which my livelihood can be maintained. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Hamza! Do you prefer to give life to a soul or to take it? He replied: Yes, to give life to a soul. Upon hearing this, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Then take care of your own soul.
