الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الأيمان والنذورBook of Oaths and Vows
باب لا وَقَاءَ لِنَدْرٍ فِي مَعْصِيَّةٍ وَلَا فِيمَا لا يَمْلِكُ ابْنُ آدَمَ
Chapter on No Fulfillment of a Vow in Disobedience or in What the Son of Adam Does Not Own
Hadith 5361
عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كَانَتِ الْعَضْبَاءُ لِرَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي عَقِيلٍ وَكَانَتْ مِنْ سَوَابِقِ الْحَاجِّ فَأُسِرَ الرَّجُلُ وَأُخِذَتِ الْعَضْبَاءُ مَعَهُ الْحَدِيثَ وَفِيهِ وَحَبَسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْعَضْبَاءَ لِرَحْلِهِ قَالَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَغَارُوا عَلَى سَرْحِ الْمَدِينَةِ فَذَهَبُوا بِهَا وَكَانَتِ الْعَضْبَاءُ فِيهِ قَالَ وَأَسَرُوا امْرَأَةً مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ قَالَ فَكَانُوا إِذَا نَزَلُوا أَرَاحُوا إِبِلَهُمْ بِأَفْنِيَتِهِمْ قَالَ فَقَامَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ بَعْدَمَا نُوِّمُوا فَجَعَلَتْ كُلَّمَا أَتَتْ عَلَى بَعِيرٍ رَغَا حَتَّى أَتَتْ عَلَى الْعَضْبَاءِ فَأَتَتْ عَلَى نَاقَةٍ ذَلُولٍ مُجَرَّسَةٍ فَرَكِبَتْهَا ثُمَّ وَجَّهَتْهَا قِبَلَ الْمَدِينَةِ قَالَ وَنَذَرَتْ إِنِ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَنْجَاهَا عَلَيْهَا لَتَنْحَرَنَّهَا فَلَمَّا قَدِمَتِ الْمَدِينَةَ عُرِفَتِ النَّاقَةُ فَقِيلَ نَاقَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ فَأُخْبِرَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِنَذْرِهَا أَوْ أَتَتْهُ فَأَخْبَرَتْهُ قَالَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِئْسَمَا جَزَتْهَا أَوْ بِئْسَمَا جَزَيْتِيهَا إِنِ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى أَنْجَاهَا عَلَيْهَا لَتَنْحَرَنَّهَا قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا وَفَاءَ لِنَذْرٍ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ وَلَا فِيمَا لَا يَمْلِكُ ابْنُ آدَمَ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Imran bin Husain (may Allah be pleased with him) that the she-camel ‘Adhba’ belonged to a man from the tribe of Banu Aqil, and it was a she-camel that used to outpace the caravans of pilgrims. When this man was taken captive and his she-camel was seized, ... (the hadith continues), further on in this hadith it is mentioned: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) kept this ‘Adhba’ she-camel for his own riding. Then, when the polytheists raided the livestock of Madinah, this she-camel was among them. They also took a woman captive. When they would camp along the way, they would make their camels sit in their courtyards. One night, after they had fallen asleep, the woman got up and set out. Whenever she approached a camel, it would make a noise, until she reached the ‘Adhba’ she-camel. This was a docile and well-trained she-camel. She mounted it and directed it towards Madinah, and she also made a vow that if Allah Almighty granted her deliverance, she would sacrifice this she-camel. When she reached Madinah, the she-camel was recognized and it was said: This is the she-camel of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was informed of her vow, or when the woman came to him and informed him about her vow, he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: You have given a bad reward to this she-camel; Allah Almighty granted you deliverance through it and you are vowing to sacrifice it. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Such a vow is not to be fulfilled, which is made in disobedience to Allah Almighty or regarding something which a person does not own.
Hadith 5362
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ أَخْبَرَنَا يُونُسُ قَالَ نُبِّئْتُ أَنَّ الْمِسْوَرَ بْنَ مَخْرَمَةَ جَاءَ إِلَى الْحَسَنِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ غُلَامًا لِي أَبَقَ فَنَذَرْتُ إِنْ أَنَا عَايَنْتُهُ أَنْ أَقْطَعَ يَدَهُ فَقَدْ جَاءَ فَهُوَ الْآنَ بِالْجِسْرِ قَالَ فَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ لَا تَقْطَعْ يَدَهُ وَحَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ رَجُلًا قَالَ لِعِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ إِنَّ عَبْدًا لِي أَبَقَ وَإِنِّي نَذَرْتُ إِنْ أَنَا عَايَنْتُهُ أَنْ أَقْطَعَ يَدَهُ قَالَ فَلَا تَقْطَعْ يَدَهُ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَؤُمُّ فِينَا أَوْ قَالَ يَقُومُ فِينَا فَيَأْمُرُنَا بِالصَّدَقَةِ وَيَنْهَانَا عَنِ الْمُثْلَةِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Miswar bin Makhrama (may Allah be pleased with him) that he came to Hasan Basri and said: My slave had run away and I had vowed that if I saw him, I would cut off his hand. Now he has come back and is at the bridge. He (Hasan Basri) said: Do not cut off his hand, because a man came to Sayyiduna Imran bin Husain (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: Indeed, my slave had run away and I have vowed that if I see him, I will cut off his hand. He (Imran bin Husain) said: Do not cut off his hand, because when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to lead us in prayer or stay among us, he would command us to give charity and forbid us from mutilation.
Hadith 5363
عَنْ هَيَّاجِ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ الْبُرْجُمِيِّ أَنَّ غُلَامًا لِأَبِيهِ أَبَقَ فَجَعَلَ لِلَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى عَلَيْهِ إِنْ قَدَرَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَقْطَعَ يَدَهُ قَالَ فَقَدَرَ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ فَبَعَثَنِي إِلَى عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ قَالَ فَقَالَ أَقْرِئْ أَبَاكَ السَّلَامَ وَأَخْبِرْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَحُثُّ فِي خُطْبَتِهِ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ وَيَنْهَى عَنِ الْمُثْلَةِ فَلْيُكَفِّرْ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَيَتَجَاوَزْ عَنْ غُلَامِهِ قَالَ وَبَعَثَنِي إِلَى سَمُرَةَ فَقَالَ أَقْرِئْ أَبَاكَ السَّلَامَ وَأَخْبِرْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَحُثُّ فِي خُطْبَتِهِ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ وَيَنْهَى عَنِ الْمُثْلَةِ فَلْيُكَفِّرْ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَيَتَجَاوَزْ عَنْ غُلَامِهِ
Hiyaj bin Imran Barjami narrates that once his father's slave ran away, and his father made a vow that if he gained power over him, he would cut off his hand. So, he gained power over him and sent me to Sayyiduna Imran bin Husain (may Allah be pleased with him). When I went to him and told him the whole matter, he said: Convey my greetings to your father and inform him that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to encourage giving charity in his sermons and forbade mutilation, so your father should give the expiation for his vow and forgive his slave. Then my father sent me to Sayyidah Samrah (may Allah be pleased with him), and he replied: Convey greetings to your father and inform him that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to encourage charity in his sermons and forbade mutilation, therefore he should give the expiation for his oath and forgive his slave.
Hadith 5364
عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا طَلَاقَ فِيمَا لَا تَمْلِكُونَ وَلَا نَذْرَ فِيمَا لَا تَمْلِكُونَ وَلَا نَذْرَ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: There is no divorce in that which you do not possess, no vow is made in that which you do not possess, and no vow is made in disobedience to Allah Almighty.
Hadith 5365
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَا نَذْرَ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَكَفَّارَتُهُ كَفَّارَةُ يَمِينٍ
It is narrated from Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: There is no vow in disobedience to Allah, and its expiation is the expiation of an oath.
Hadith 5366
عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا وَفَاءَ لِنَذْرٍ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَبِالسَّنَدِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ قَالَا أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ لَا وَفَاءَ لِنَذْرٍ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَلَمْ يَرْفَعَاهُ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: A vow made in disobedience to Allah Almighty is not to be fulfilled.
Hadith 5367
عَنْ ثَابِتِ بْنِ ضَحَّاكٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَيْسَ عَلَى رَجُلٍ نَذْرٌ فِيمَا لَا يَمْلِكُ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Thabit bin Dhahak (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: A person has no vow upon that which he does not own.
Hadith 5368
عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ مَا قَامَ فِينَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَطِيبًا إِلَّا أَمَرَنَا بِالصَّدَقَةِ وَنَهَانَا عَنِ الْمُثْلَةِ قَالَ وَقَالَ أَلَا وَإِنَّ مِنَ الْمُثْلَةِ أَنْ يَنْذُرَ الرَّجُلُ أَنْ يَخْرِمَ أَنْفَهُ أَلَا وَإِنَّ مِنَ الْمُثْلَةِ أَنْ يَنْذُرَ الرَّجُلُ أَنْ يَحُجَّ مَاشِيًا فَلْيُهْدِ هَدْيًا وَلْيَرْكَبْ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Imran bin Husain (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: Whenever the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) stood among us to address, he (peace be upon him) would command us to give charity and forbid mutilation. Then he said: Beware! This is mutilation, that a man vows to cut off his slave’s nose; this is also mutilation, that a man vows to perform Hajj on foot. He should offer a sacrifice (slaughter an animal) and ride.
