الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب العتقBook of Emancipation
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي أُمِّ الْوَلَدِ
Chapter on What Has Been Reported Regarding Umm al-Walad (Mother of a Child)
Hadith 5285
عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ يَحْيَى الْمَازِنِيِّ عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَبِي حَسَنٍ الْمَازِنِيِّ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَكْرَهُ نِكَاحَ السِّرِّ حَتَّى يُضْرَبَ بِدُفٍّ وَيُقَالَ أَتَيْنَاكُمْ أَتَيْنَاكُمْ فَحَيُّونَا نُحَيِّيكُمْ
Narrated by Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both): The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Any slave woman who gives birth to a child by her master will become free after the death of that master.
Hadith 5286
عَنْ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ يَقُولُ إِنَّا كُنَّا نَبِيعُ سَرَارِيَّنَا وَأُمَّهَاتِ أَوْلَادِنَا وَالنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِينَا حَيٌّ لَا يَرَى بِذَلِكَ بَأْسًا
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: We used to sell our captives and ummahat al-awlad while the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was still alive among us, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) did not consider there to be any harm in it.
Hadith 5287
عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كُنَّا نَبِيعُ أُمَّهَاتِ الْأَوْلَادِ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: In the time of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), we used to sell ummahat al-awlad (slave women who had borne children to their masters).
Hadith 5288
عَنِ الْخَطَّابِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ أُمِّهِ قَالَتْ حَدَّثَتْنِي سَلَامَةُ بِنْتُ مَعْقِلٍ قَالَتْ كُنْتُ لِلْحُبَابِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَلِي مِنْهُ غُلَامٌ فَقَالَتْ لِيَ امْرَأَتُهُ الْآنَ تُبَاعِينَ فِي دَيْنِهِ فَأَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ صَاحِبُ تَرِكَةِ الْحُبَابِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو فَقَالُوا أَخُوهُ أَبُو الْيُسْرِ كَعْبُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو فَدَعَاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ لَا تَبِيعُوهَا وَأَعْتِقُوهَا فَإِذَا سَمِعْتُمْ بِرَقِيقٍ قَدْ جَاءَنِي فَأْتُونِي أُعَوِّضْكُمْ فَفَعَلُوا فَاخْتَلَفُوا فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ قَوْمٌ أُمُّ الْوَلَدِ مَمْلُوكَةٌ لَوْلَا ذَلِكَ لَمْ يُعَوِّضْهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْهَا وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ هِيَ حُرَّةٌ قَدْ أَعْتَقَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَفِيهَا كَانَ الِاخْتِلَافُ
It is narrated from Sayyida Salama bint Ma’qil (may Allah be pleased with her), she says: I was the slave woman of Sayyiduna Hubab bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with him), and a child was also born to him from me. (But when he passed away,) his wife said to me: Now you will be sold to pay off his debt. So I went to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and informed him of this matter. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Who is the guardian of the inheritance of Hubab bin Amr? The people said: His brother, Sayyiduna Abu al-Yasar Ka’b bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) called him and said: You are not to sell her, rather you are to set her free. When you hear that slaves have come to me, come to me, and I will give you compensation for her. He did so, but after the death of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), there was a difference of opinion regarding this issue. Some people were of the view that the umm walad (a slave woman who bore her master a child) remains a slave after her master’s death. If her ruling was not that of a slave, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would not have given them a slave in exchange for her. While others said that such a woman becomes free, because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) set her free. Sayyida Salama (may Allah be pleased with her) says: There was a difference of opinion among the companions regarding me.
