الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الجهادBook of Jihad
بَابُ أَنَّ الْحَرَبِيَّ إِذَا أَسْلَمَ قَبْلَ الْقُدْرَةِ عَلَيْهِ أَحْرَزَ أَمْوَالَهُ وَحُكْمِ الْأَرْضِينَ الْمَعْنُومَةِ
Chapter on the Harbi Who Accepts Islam Before Being Overpowered Retains His Wealth, and the Ruling of Conquered Lands
Hadith 5124
عَنْ صَخْرِ بْنِ عَيْلَةَ أَنَّ قَوْمًا مِنْ بَنِي سُلَيْمٍ فَرُّوا عَنْ أَرْضِهِمْ حِينَ جَاءَ الْإِسْلَامُ فَأَخَذْتُهَا فَأَسْلَمُوا فَخَاصَمُونِي فِيهَا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَرَدَّهَا عَلَيْهِمْ وَقَالَ إِذَا أَسْلَمَ الرَّجُلُ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِأَرْضِهِ وَمَالِهِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Sakhr bin ‘Ailah (may Allah be pleased with him) that when Islam came, some people from Banu Sulaym fled from their land. I took possession of their land. When they became Muslim, they brought this dispute to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) returned the land to them and said: When a person becomes Muslim, he is more entitled to his land and wealth.
Hadith 5125
عَنْ بُرَيْدَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَهُمْ مَا أَسْلَمُوا عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَرَاضِيهِمْ وَرَقِيقِهِمْ وَمَاشِيَتِهِمْ وَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِمْ فِيهِ إِلَّا الصَّدَقَةُ
It is narrated from Sayyidah Buraidah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The land, slaves, livestock, and whatever else people have believed in, will belong to them; only zakat will be obligatory on their wealth.
Hadith 5126
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَيُّمَا قَرْيَةٍ أَتَيْتُمُوهَا فَأَقَمْتُمْ فِيهَا فَسَهْمُكُمْ فِيهَا وَأَيُّمَا قَرْيَةٍ عَصَتِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَإِنَّ خُمُسَهَا لِلَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ ثُمَّ هِيَ لَكُمْ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: "When you enter a town and (after making a settlement with its people regarding wealth) stay there, then your share will be only that. But if the people of a town disobey Allah and His Messenger (and you fight them and gain victory, then their wealth will be considered spoils of war and) one-fifth of it will be for Allah and His Messenger, and the rest will all be yours."
Hadith 5127
عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ يَقُولُ لَئِنْ عِشْتُ إِلَى هَذَا الْعَامِ الْمُقْبِلِ لَا يُفْتَحُ لِلنَّاسِ قَرْيَةٌ إِلَّا قَسَمْتُهَا بَيْنَهُمْ كَمَا قَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَيْبَرَ
It is narrated from Aslam that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: If I remain alive until next year, then whichever town is conquered for the people, I will distribute it among them just as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) distributed Khaybar.
Hadith 5128
عَنْ بُشَيْرِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ رِجَالٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَدْرَكَهُمْ يَذْكُرُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ ظَهَرَ عَلَى خَيْبَرَ وَصَارَتْ خَيْبَرُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَالْمُسْلِمِينَ ضَعُفُوا عَنْ عَمَلِهَا فَدَفَعُوهَا إِلَى الْيَهُودِ يَقُومُونَ عَلَيْهَا وَيُنْفِقُونَ عَلَيْهَا عَلَى أَنَّ لَهُمْ نِصْفَ مَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا فَقَسَمَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى سِتَّةٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ سَهْمًا جَمَعَ كُلُّ سَهْمٍ مِائَةَ سَهْمٍ فَجَعَلَ نِصْفَ ذَلِكَ كُلِّهِ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ وَكَانَ فِي ذَلِكَ النِّصْفِ سِهَامُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَسَهْمُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَعَهَا وَجَعَلَ النِّصْفَ الْآخَرَ لِمَنْ يَنْزِلُ بِهِ مِنَ الْوُفُودِ وَالْأُمُورِ وَنَوَائِبِ النَّاسِ
It is narrated from Busheer bin Yasar that he found some of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah mentioning this incident: When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, conquered Khaybar and Khaybar became the property of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, and the Muslims, while the Muslims were unable to manage all the work of that land, he entrusted it to the Jews themselves so that they would fulfill its responsibilities and bear its expenses, and in return, they would receive half of the produce. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, divided it into thirty-six portions, each portion consisting of one hundred shares. From the share of Khaybar’s land that would come to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, he would distribute half of it among the Muslims in such a way that there would be shares for the Muslims as well as for the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him. The remaining half he, peace and blessings be upon him, would spend on delegations, affairs, and other incidents and important matters concerning the people.
Hadith 5129
عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ وَهْبٍ الْخَوْلَانِيِّ يَقُولُ لَمَّا افْتَتَحْنَا مِصْرَ بِغَيْرِ عَهْدٍ قَامَ الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ يَا عَمْرُو بْنَ الْعَاصِ اقْسِمْهَا فَقَالَ عَمْرٌو لَا أَقْسِمُهَا فَقَالَ الزُّبَيْرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَاللَّهِ لَتَقْسِمَنَّهَا كَمَا قَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَيْبَرَ قَالَ عَمْرٌو وَاللَّهِ لَا أَقْسِمُهَا حَتَّى أَكْتُبَ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَكَتَبَ إِلَى عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ عُمَرُ أَنْ أَقِرَّهَا حَتَّى يَغْزُوَ مِنْهَا حَبَلُ الْحَبَلَةِ
It is narrated from Sufyan bin Wahb Khawlani, he says: When we conquered Egypt without any treaty, Sayyiduna Zubair bin Al-Awwam (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up and said: O Amr bin Al-Aas! Distribute it, but he said: I will not distribute it. Sayyiduna Zubair (may Allah be pleased with him) said: By Allah! You will certainly distribute it just as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) distributed Khaybar. He said: By Allah! I will not distribute it until I write its details and send them to the Commander of the Faithful. Then he wrote a letter to Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), and the Commander of the Faithful replied with this order: Keep it as it is, until the children in the wombs of pregnant women participate in jihad.
