الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الجهادBook of Jihad
بَابُ أَنَّ الْأَسِيرَ إِذَا أَسْلَمَ لَمْ يَزَلْ مِلْكَ لْمُسْلِمِينَ عَنْهُ وَجَوَازِ اسْتِرْقَاقِ الْعَرْبِ
Chapter on the Captive Who Accepts Islam Remains the Property of the Muslims, and the Permissibility of Enslaving Arabs
Hadith 5114
عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ كَانَتْ ثَقِيفٌ حُلَفَاءَ لِبَنِي عُقَيْلٍ فَأَسَرَتْ ثَقِيفُ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَسَرَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي عُقَيْلٍ وَأُصِيبَتْ مَعَهُ الْعَضْبَاءُ فَأَتَى عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ فِي الْوَثَاقِ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَقَالَ مَا شَأْنُكَ فَقَالَ بِمَ أَخَذْتَنِي بِمَ أَخَذْتَ سَابِقَةَ الْحَاجِّ إِعْظَامًا لِذَلِكَ فَقَالَ أَخَذْتُكَ بِجَرِيرَةِ حُلَفَائِكَ ثَقِيفٍ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَحِيمًا رَفِيقًا فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ مَا شَأْنُكَ قَالَ إِنِّي مُسْلِمٌ قَالَ لَوْ قُلْتَهَا وَأَنْتَ تَمْلِكُ أَمْرَكَ أَفْلَحْتَ كُلَّ الْفَلَاحِ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ عَنْهُ فَنَادَاهُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ مَا شَأْنُكَ فَقَالَ إِنِّي جَائِعٌ فَأَطْعِمْنِي وَظَمْآنُ فَاسْقِنِي قَالَ هَذِهِ حَاجَتُكَ قَالَ فَفُدِيَ بِالرَّجُلَيْنِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Imran bin Husain (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: Banu Thaqif were allies of Banu Uqayl. Banu Thaqif captured two companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and the companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) captured a man from Banu Uqayl. Along with him, a she-camel named ‘Adhba was also captured. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to this prisoner, while he was bound in chains, he said: O Muhammad! O Muhammad! The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: What is your matter? He said: Why have you captured me, and why have you taken this she-camel, which used to go ahead of the pilgrims’ caravan? He considered this capture to be a great matter. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I have captured you because of the crime of your allies, Banu Thaqif. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned away from him, but he again said: O Muhammad! O Muhammad! Since the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was merciful and gentle, he came to him and asked: What has happened to you? He said: I have become a Muslim. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: If you had said this at a time when you were the master and free in your affair, you would have been completely successful. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) went away. He again called out: O Muhammad! O Muhammad! So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to him and asked: What has happened to you? He said: I am hungry, feed me, and I am thirsty, give me water to drink. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: This need of yours will be fulfilled right now. Two men were taken in ransom for this prisoner.
Hadith 5115
عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أُمِّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ لَمَّا قَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَبَايَا بَنِي الْمُصْطَلِقِ وَقَعَتْ جُوَيْرِيَةُ بِنْتُ الْحَارِثِ فِي السَّهْمِ لِثَابِتِ بْنِ قَيْسِ بْنِ شَمَّاسٍ أَوْ لِابْنِ عَمٍّ لَهُ وَكَاتَبَتْهُ عَلَى نَفْسِهَا وَكَانَتِ امْرَأَةً حُلْوَةً مُلَاحَةً لَا يَرَاهَا أَحَدٌ إِلَّا أَخَذَتْ بِنَفْسِهِ فَأَتَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَسْتَعِينُهُ فِي كِتَابَتِهَا قَالَتْ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا هُوَ إِلَّا أَنْ رَأَيْتُهَا عَلَى بَابِ حُجْرَتِي فَكَرِهْتُهَا وَعَرَفْتُ أَنَّهُ سَيَرَى مِنْهَا مَا رَأَيْتُ فَدَخَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَنَا جُوَيْرِيَةُ بِنْتُ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ أَبِي ضِرَارٍ سَيِّدِ قَوْمِهِ وَقَدْ أَصَابَنِي مِنَ الْبَلَاءِ مَا لَمْ يَخْفَ عَلَيْكَ فَوَقَعْتُ فِي السَّهْمِ لِثَابِتِ بْنِ قَيْسِ بْنِ الشَّمَّاسِ أَوْ لِابْنِ عَمٍّ لَهُ فَكَاتَبْتُهُ عَلَى نَفْسِي فَجِئْتُكَ أَسْتَعِينُكَ عَلَى كِتَابَتِي قَالَ فَهَلْ لَكِ فِي خَيْرٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَالَتْ وَمَا هُوَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ أَقْضِي كِتَابَتَكِ وَأَتَزَوَّجُكِ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ قَدْ فَعَلْتُ قَالَتْ وَخَرَجَ الْخَبَرُ إِلَى النَّاسِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَزَوَّجَ جُوَيْرِيَةَ بِنْتَ الْحَارِثِ فَقَالَ النَّاسُ أَصْهَارُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَرْسَلُوا مَا بِأَيْدِيهِمْ قَالَتْ فَلَقَدْ أَعْتَقَ بِتَزْوِيجِهِ إِيَّاهَا مِائَةَ أَهْلِ بَيْتٍ مِنْ بَنِي الْمُصْطَلِقِ فَمَا أَعْلَمُ امْرَأَةً كَانَتْ أَعْظَمَ بَرَكَةً عَلَى قَوْمِهَا مِنْهَا
Narrated from Umm al-Mu’minin Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) distributed the captives of Banu Mustaliq, Juwayriya bint al-Harith came into the share of Sayyiduna Thabit bin Qais (may Allah be pleased with him) or his cousin, and then she made a contract of manumission (mukataba) with him. She was a very beautiful woman; whoever saw her would be attracted to her. So she came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) to seek help from him regarding her contract of manumission. By Allah! When I (Aisha) saw her at the door of my chamber, I disliked her coming and I knew that what I was seeing, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would also notice. So when she came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah! I am Juwayriya bint al-Harith bin Abi Dhirar, my father is the chief of his people and I have fallen into a trial whose matter is not hidden from you. I have come into the share of Sayyiduna Thabit bin Qais (may Allah be pleased with him) or his cousin, and I have made a contract of manumission with him. Now I have come to you so that you may help me with my contract. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Tell me, would you like something better than that? She said: Yes, what is that, O Messenger of Allah? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I will pay the price of your contract and marry you. She said: Yes, O Messenger of Allah! The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Indeed, I have done so. Meanwhile, the news reached the people that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had married Sayyida Juwayriya (may Allah be pleased with her). The people said: Banu Mustaliq have become the in-laws of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Because of this, they freed the slaves and slave-girls who were in their hands. Due to the marriage of Sayyida Juwayriya (may Allah be pleased with her), a hundred families of Banu Mustaliq were set free. I do not know of any woman who proved to be a greater blessing for her people than Sayyida Juwayriya (may Allah be pleased with her).
Hadith 5116
عَنْ أَبِي رَافِعٍ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ كَانَ مُسْتَنِدًا إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا وَعِنْدَهُ ابْنُ عُمَرَ وَسَعِيدُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا فَقَالَ اعْلَمُوا أَنِّي لَمْ أَقُلْ فِي الْكَلَالَةِ شَيْئًا وَلَمْ أَسْتَخْلِفْ مِنْ بَعْدِي أَحَدًا وَأَنَّهُ مَنْ أَدْرَكَ وَفَاتِي مِنْ سَبْيِ الْعَرَبِ فَهُوَ حُرٌّ مِنْ مَالِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Rafi’ (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) was reclining with Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) after being wounded, and with them were also sitting Sayyiduna Ibn Umar and Sayyiduna Sa’id bin Zaid (may Allah be pleased with them both). Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: All of you should know that I have not given any opinion regarding Kalalah, I have not appointed anyone as Khalifa after me, and the Arab prisoners who are in my possession and die during my lifetime, they are freed for the sake of Allah Almighty.
