الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الجهادBook of Jihad
جامِعُ الشُّهَدَاءِ وَأَنْوَاعِهِمْ غَيْرِ الْمُجَاهِدِينَ فِي سَبِيْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ
Comprehensive Chapter on Martyrs and Their Types Other Than the Mujahideen in the Path of Allah the Exalted
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Hadith 4898
عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ قُتِلَ دُونَ مَالِهِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ وَمَنْ قُتِلَ دُونَ أَهْلِهِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ وَمَنْ قُتِلَ دُونَ دِينِهِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ وَمَنْ قُتِلَ دُونَ دَمِهِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Saeed bin Zaid (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever is killed while protecting his wealth is a martyr; whoever is killed while protecting his family is a martyr; whoever is killed while protecting his religion is a martyr; and whoever is killed while protecting his life is also a martyr.
Hadith 4899
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ أُرِيدَ مَالُهُ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ فَقُتِلَ دُونَهُ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever intends to take someone’s wealth without right, and he is killed while protecting it, then he is a martyr.
Hadith 4900
عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ نِعْمَ الْمِيتَةُ أَنْ يَمُوتَ الرَّجُلُ دُونَ حَقِّهِ
Sayyiduna Sa’d bin Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: A good death is that a person is killed while protecting his right.
Hadith 4901
عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي مَخْزُومٍ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ عَمِّهِ أَنَّ مُعَاوِيَةَ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ أَرْضًا لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو يُقَالُ لَهَا الْوَهْطُ فَأَمَرَ مَوَالِيَهُ فَلَبِسُوا آلَتَهُمْ وَأَرَادُوا الْقِتَالَ قَالَ فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ مَاذَا فَقَالَ إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ مَا مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ يُظْلَمُ بِمَظْلَمَةٍ فَيُقَاتِلَ فَيُقْتَلَ إِلَّا قُتِلَ شَهِيدًا
It is narrated from Sa’d bin Ibrahim, he heard from a man of Banu Makhzum, who relates from his uncle that Sayyiduna Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) wanted to take the land called Wahat belonging to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with him), but he ordered his slaves, so they picked up their tools and got ready to fight. I went to them and asked: What is this? They said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: If a Muslim is wronged and he fights back and is killed, then he will be a martyr.
Hadith 4902
عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ أَنَّ رَجُلًا يُقَالُ لَهُ حَمَمَةُ كَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَرَجَ إِلَى أَصْبَهَانَ غَازِيًا فِي خِلَافَةِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ حَمَمَةَ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ يُحِبُّ لِقَاءَكَ فَإِنْ كَانَ حَمَمَةُ صَادِقًا فَاعْزِمْ لَهُ صِدْقَهُ وَإِنْ كَانَ كَاذِبًا فَاعْزِمْ عَلَيْهِ وَإِنْ كَرِهَ اللَّهُمَّ لَا تَرُدَّ حَمَمَةَ مِنْ سَفَرِهِ هَذَا قَالَ فَأَخَذَهُ الْمَوْتُ وَقَالَ عَفَّانُ مَرَّةً الْبَطْنُ فَمَاتَ بِأَصْبَهَانَ قَالَ فَقَامَ أَبُو مُوسَى فَقَالَ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّا وَاللَّهِ مَا سَمِعْنَا فِيمَا سَمِعْنَا مِنْ نَبِيِّكُمْ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَمَا بَلَغَ عِلْمَنَا إِلَّا أَنَّ حَمَمَةَ شَهِيدٌ
Humaid bin Abdur Rahman Humairi says that a man named Hamma set out for jihad towards Isfahan during the caliphate of Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). This man was among the Companions of the Messenger. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Allah! Indeed, Hamma thinks that he desires to meet You. If Hamma is truthful, then fulfill his truth and grant him martyrdom, and if he is lying, then still grant him martyrdom, even if he dislikes it. O Allah! Do not return Hamma from this journey. It happened as such, and he died in the region of Isfahan due to a stomach illness. Sayyiduna Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up and said: O people! Whatever we have heard from your Prophet and the knowledge we have gained, it demands that Hamma is a martyr.
Hadith 4903
عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ مَاتَ رَجُلٌ صَالِحٌ فَأُخْرِجَ بِجِنَازَتِهِ فَلَمَّا رَجَعْنَا تَلَقَّانَا خَالِدُ بْنُ عُرْفُطَةَ وَسُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ صُرَدٍ وَكِلَاهُمَا قَدْ كَانَتْ لَهُ صُحْبَةٌ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا فَقَالَا سَبَقْتُمُونَا بِهَذَا الرَّجُلِ الصَّالِحِ فَذَكَرُوا أَنَّهُ كَانَ بِهِ بَطْنٌ وَأَنَّهُمْ خَشُوا عَلَيْهِ الْحَرَّ قَالَ فَنَظَرَ أَحَدُهُمَا إِلَى صَاحِبِهِ فَقَالَ أَمَا سَمِعْتَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ مَنْ قَتَلَهُ بَطْنُهُ لَمْ يُعَذَّبْ فِي قَبْرِهِ
It is narrated from Abu Ishaq, he says: A pious man passed away. When his funeral was taken out, we met Sayyiduna Khalid bin 'Arfatah and Sayyiduna Sulaiman bin Surad (may Allah be pleased with them both). Both were companions. They said: You have preceded us regarding this pious man. The people said: He had a stomach illness and we were afraid because of the heat. Hearing this, each of the two looked at the other and said: Did you not hear the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say that whoever dies due to a stomach illness will not be punished in the grave? (According to another narration in Musnad Ahmad, the other companion replied: Yes, indeed.)
Hadith 4904
عَنْ حَفْصَةَ قَالَتْ سَأَلْتُ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ بِمَا مَاتَ ابْنُ أَبِي عَمْرَةَ فَقَالُوا بِالطَّاعُونِ فَقَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ الطَّاعُونُ شَهَادَةٌ لِكُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ
It is narrated from Sayyida Hafsa (may Allah be pleased with her), she says: I asked Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) how Ibn Abi Amrah died, he said: due to plague. Then he said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Plague is martyrdom for every Muslim.
Hadith 4905
عَنْ عِرْبَاضِ بْنِ سَارِيَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ يَخْتَصِمُ الشُّهَدَاءُ وَالْمُتَوَفَّوْنَ عَلَى فُرُشِهِمْ إِلَى رَبِّنَا عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِي الَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنَ الطَّاعُونِ فَيَقُولُ الشُّهَدَاءُ إِخْوَانُنَا قُتِلُوا كَمَا قُتِلْنَا وَيَقُولُ الْمُتَوَفَّوْنَ عَلَى فُرُشِهِمْ إِخْوَانُنَا مَاتُوا عَلَى فُرُشِهِمْ كَمَا مِتْنَا عَلَى فُرُشِنَا فَيَقُولُ الرَّبُّ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ انْظُرُوا إِلَى جِرَاحِهِمْ فَإِنْ أَشْبَهَتْ جِرَاحُهُمْ جِرَاحَ الْمَقْتُولِينَ فَإِنَّهُمْ مِنْهُمْ وَمَعَهُمْ فَإِذَا جِرَاحُهُمْ قَدْ أَشْبَهَتْ جِرَاحَهُمْ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna ‘Irbaad bin Saariyah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The martyrs and those who die a natural death on their beds will dispute before Allah Almighty about those people who die due to plague. The martyrs will say: These are our brothers and were martyred like us. Those who died on their beds will say: These are our brothers and died a natural death on their beds just as we did. Allah Almighty, while deciding, will say: You people look at their wounds; if their wounds are similar to the wounds of the martyrs, then they are among them and with them. Thus, their wounds will be similar to the wounds of the martyrs.
Hadith 4906
عَنْ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ عَبْدٍ السُّلَمِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِثْلَهُ
Sayyiduna Utbah bin Abd Sulami (may Allah be pleased with him) has also narrated a similar type of hadith from the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).
Hadith 4907
عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الْمَيِّتُ مِنْ ذَاتِ الْجَنْبِ شَهِيدٌ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Uqbah bin Amir (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever dies from internal boils (such as cancer and tumors, etc.) is a martyr.
Hadith 4908
عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ الْأَلْهَانِيِّ قَالَ ذُكِرَ عِنْدَ أَبِي عِنَبَةَ الْخَوْلَانِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ الشُّهَدَاءُ فَذَكَرُوا الْمَبْطُونَ وَالْمَطْعُونَ وَالنُّفَسَاءَ فَغَضِبَ أَبُو عِنَبَةَ وَقَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَصْحَابُ نَبِيِّنَا عَنْ نَبِيِّنَا صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ إِنَّ شُهَدَاءَ اللَّهِ فِي الْأَرْضِ أُمَنَاءُ اللَّهِ فِي الْأَرْضِ فِي خَلْقِهِ قُتِلُوا أَوْ مَاتُوا
Muhammad bin Ziyad Al-Hani says: The mention of martyrs was made in the presence of Sayyiduna Abu ‘Unbah Khawlaani (may Allah be pleased with him). People mentioned those who die from stomach illness, plague, and women who die during childbirth. Sayyiduna Abu ‘Unbah (may Allah be pleased with him) became angry and said: The companions of our Prophet narrated to us from our Prophet (may Allah be pleased with him) that he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The martyrs of Allah on earth are those who are trustworthy among His creation in His land; whether they are killed or die a natural death.
Hadith 4909
عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ أَتَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَنَا مَرِيضٌ فِي نَاسٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ يَعُودُونِي فَقَالَ هَلْ تَدْرُونَ مَا الشَّهِيدُ فَسَكَتُوا فَقَالَ هَلْ تَدْرُونَ مَا الشَّهِيدُ فَسَكَتُوا قَالَ هَلْ تَدْرُونَ مَا الشَّهِيدُ فَقُلْتُ لِامْرَأَتِي أَسْنِدِينِي فَأَسْنَدَتْنِي فَقُلْتُ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ ثُمَّ هَاجَرَ ثُمَّ قُتِلَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ شُهَدَاءَ أُمَّتِي إِذًا لَقَلِيلٌ الْقَتْلُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ شَهَادَةٌ وَالْبَطْنُ شَهَادَةٌ وَالْغَرَقُ شَهَادَةٌ وَالنُّفَسَاءُ شَهَادَةٌ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna ‘Ubada bin Samit (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I was ill and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to visit me along with some Ansari people. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Do you know who is a martyr (shaheed)? They remained silent in response. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Do you know who is a martyr? They remained silent this time as well. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) again said: I am asking, do you know who is a martyr? I said to my wife: Support me. So she supported me, then I said: Yes, the one who accepted Islam, then migrated, and then was killed in the way of Allah, he is a martyr. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Then the number of martyrs in my Ummah will be very few. Rather, being killed in the way of Allah is martyrdom, dying due to a stomach illness is martyrdom, drowning is martyrdom, and dying in the state of postnatal bleeding is also martyrdom.
Hadith 4910
عَنْ رَاشِدِ بْنِ حُبَيْشٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ دَخَلَ عَلَى عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ يَعُودُهُ فِي مَرَضِهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَتَعْلَمُونَ مَنِ الشَّهِيدُ مِنْ أُمَّتِي فَأَرَمَّ الْقَوْمُ فَقَالَ عُبَادَةُ سَانِدُونِي فَأَسْنَدُوهُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ الصَّابِرُ الْمُحْتَسِبُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ شُهَدَاءَ أُمَّتِي إِذًا لَقَلِيلٌ الْقَتْلُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ شَهَادَةٌ وَالطَّاعُونُ شَهَادَةٌ وَالْغَرَقُ شَهَادَةٌ وَالْبَطْنُ شَهَادَةٌ وَالنُّفَسَاءُ يَجُرُّهَا وَلَدُهَا بِسَرَرِهِ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ قَالَ وَزَادَ فِيهَا أَبُو الْعَوَّامِ سَادِنُ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ وَالْحَرْقُ وَالسَّيْلُ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Rashid bin Hubaysh (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to visit Sayyiduna Ubadah bin Samit to inquire about his health, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Do you know who are the martyrs of my Ummah? The people remained silent, but Sayyiduna Ubadah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Support me. So the people supported him, then he said: O Messenger of Allah! The one who is patient with the intention of reward. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Then the martyrs of my Ummah will be few. Listen, being killed in the way of Allah is martyrdom, plague is martyrdom, drowning is martyrdom, death due to stomach illness is martyrdom, and as for women in the state of postnatal bleeding, their child will pull them towards Paradise by the part of the navel that is cut at the time of birth. In Abu Awam’s narration, there is an addition of these individuals: the servant of Bayt al-Maqdis is a martyr, burning in fire is martyrdom, and dying in a flood is also martyrdom.
Hadith 4911
عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَادَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ رَوَاحَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ فَمَا تَحَوَّزَ لَهُ عَنْ فِرَاشِهِ فَقَالَ أَتَدْرُونَ مَنْ شُهَدَاءُ أُمَّتِي قَالُوا قَتْلُ الْمُسْلِمِ شَهَادَةٌ قَالَ إِنَّ شُهَدَاءَ أُمَّتِي إِذًا لَقَلِيلٌ قَتْلُ الْمُسْلِمِ شَهَادَةٌ وَالطَّاعُونُ شَهَادَةٌ وَالْمَرْأَةُ يَقْتُلُهَا وَلَدُهَا جَمْعَاءَ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna ‘Ubada bin Samit (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to visit Sayyiduna ‘Abdullah bin Rawaha (may Allah be pleased with him) to inquire about his health. Due to the severity of his illness, he could not move from his bed for the sake of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Who are the martyrs of my Ummah? The people said: The killing of a Muslim is martyrdom. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Then the martyrs of my Ummah will be few. Listen, the killing of a Muslim is also martyrdom, plague is also martyrdom, and the pregnant woman who dies because of her child in her womb is also a martyr.
Hadith 4912
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ مَا تَعُدُّونَ الشَّهِيدَ قَالُوا الَّذِي يُقَاتِلُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ حَتَّى يُقْتَلَ قَالَ إِنَّ الشَّهِيدَ فِي أُمَّتِي إِذًا لَقَلِيلٌ الْقَتِيلُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ شَهِيدٌ وَالطَّعِينُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ شَهِيدٌ وَالْغَرِيقُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ شَهِيدٌ وَالْخَارُّ عَنْ دَابَّتِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ شَهِيدٌ وَالْمَجْنُوبُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ شَهِيدٌ قَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ الْمَجْنُوبُ صَاحِبُ الْجَنْبِ زَادَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ وَالْبَطْنُ شَهَادَةٌ وَالنُّفَسَاءُ شَهَادَةٌ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whom do you consider to be a martyr? The people said: The one who is killed fighting in the way of Allah is a martyr. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Then the martyrs of my Ummah will be few. The one who is killed in the way of Allah is also a martyr, the one who dies of plague in the way of Allah is also a martyr, the one who drowns in the way of Allah is also a martyr, the one who dies after falling from his animal in the way of Allah is also a martyr, and the one who dies of pneumonia in the way of Allah is also a martyr. Muhammad, the narrator, said: By "majnoob" is meant "sahib al-janb" (the one suffering from a side disease). In one narration, there is also this addition: Death due to abdominal disease is also martyrdom, and women who die in the state of postnatal bleeding are also martyrs.
Hadith 4913
عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الطَّاعُونُ شَهَادَةٌ وَالْغَرَقُ شَهَادَةٌ وَالْبَطْنُ شَهَادَةٌ وَالنُّفَسَاءُ شَهَادَةٌ
Narrated by Sayyiduna Safwan bin Umayyah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Plague is martyrdom, drowning is martyrdom, abdominal disease is martyrdom, and women in postpartum bleeding are martyrs.
Hadith 4914
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ الشُّهَدَاءُ خَمْسَةٌ الْمَطْعُونُ وَالْمَبْطُونُ وَالْغَرِيقُ وَصَاحِبُ الْهَدْمِ وَالشَّهِيدُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: There are five types of martyrs: one who dies of plague, one who dies of a stomach illness, one who drowns, one who dies under a collapsed wall, and one who is martyred in the way of Allah Almighty.
Hadith 4915
عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَتِيكٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ لَمَّا مَاتَ قَالَتِ ابْنَتُهُ وَاللَّهِ إِنْ كُنْتُ لَأَرْجُو أَنْ تَكُونَ شَهِيدًا أَمَا إِنَّكَ كُنْتَ قَدْ قَضَيْتَ جِهَازَكَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَوْقَعَ أَجْرَهُ عَلَى قَدْرِ نِيَّتِهِ وَمَا تَعُدُّونَ الشَّهَادَةَ قَالُوا قَتْلٌ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ الشَّهَادَةُ سَبْعٌ سِوَى الْقَتْلِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ الْمَطْعُونُ شَهِيدٌ وَالْغَرِيقُ شَهِيدٌ وَصَاحِبُ ذَاتِ الْجَنْبِ شَهِيدٌ وَالْمَبْطُونُ شَهِيدٌ وَصَاحِبُ الْحَرْقِ شَهِيدٌ وَالَّذِي يَمُوتُ تَحْتَ الْهَدْمِ شَهِيدٌ وَالْمَرْأَةُ تَمُوتُ بِجُمْعٍ شَهِيدَةٌ
It is narrated from Jabir bin Atik that when Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) was about to pass away, one of his daughters said: By Allah! I had hoped that you would be martyred; in any case, you had made your preparations. So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Indeed, Allah the Exalted has granted him the reward according to his intention. And tell me, what do you people consider as martyrdom? The people said: Being killed in the way of Allah. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Besides being killed in the way of Allah, there are seven other types of martyrdom: The one who dies in a plague is a martyr, the one who drowns is a martyr, the one who dies due to internal abscesses (such as cancer, tumors, etc.) is a martyr, the one who dies from a stomach disease is a martyr, the one who dies by burning is a martyr, the one who dies under a collapsed wall is a martyr, and the woman who dies due to pregnancy is a martyr.
