Fath al-Rabbani

Narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: All of us, while reciting the Talbiyah with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), reached Makkah on the fourth of Dhul-Hijjah. We performed the Tawaf of the House of Allah, then offered two units of prayer, then performed the Sa’i between Safa and Marwah. After that, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered us to cut our hair and then said: Become halal, that is, come out of the state of Ihram. We said: O Messenger of Allah! For what should we become halal? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Consider everything halal that is halal without Ihram, such as perfume and wives, etc. Thus, relations with women took place and fragrances spread. Khalaf says: When this news reached the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that some people had said regarding his command: This means that when we are going towards Mina, our private parts will be dripping with semen, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) delivered a sermon and after praising Allah Almighty, said: Your words have reached me. I am the one who fears Allah the most among you and am the most pious. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: If I had known earlier what I came to know later, I would not have brought the sacrificial animal with me at all, and if I had not brought the sacrificial animal, I too would have become halal. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Learn the rites and rules of Hajj from me. Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) says: Thus, the people became halal and remained in that state until the eighth of Dhul-Hijjah arrived and when they set out for Mina, they put on the Ihram for Hajj. Those who were able offered a sacrifice, and those who were not able fasted ten days in place of the sacrifice. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) included seven people in the sacrifice of a camel or a cow, and for those performing Qiran Hajj, there was only one Tawaf and one Sa’i for both the House of Allah and Safa and Marwah.

Sayyiduna Bara’ bin Azib (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and the Companions set out for Hajj. We had donned the Ihram for Hajj. When we reached Makkah Mukarramah, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Turn your Ihram for Hajj into Ihram for ‘Umrah.” The people said: “O Messenger of Allah! We had donned the Ihram for Hajj, how can we now turn it into Ihram for ‘Umrah?” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Reflect on what I am commanding you and carry it out.” But the people repeated the same thing again. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) became angry and, in a state of anger, went to Sayyidah A’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her). When she saw the signs of anger on the face of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), she said: “Who has angered the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)? May Allah be angry with him.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Why should I not be angry? The fact is that I give a command and it is not followed.”

It is narrated from Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), she says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) arrived in Makkah Mukarramah on the fourth of Dhul-Hijjah. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to me while he was in a state of anger. I asked: O Messenger of Allah! Who has made you angry? May Allah cast him into Hell! The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Do you not know that I gave people a command, but they are hesitant to act upon it? The thought that has come to me now—if it had come to me earlier, I would not have brought the sacrificial animal with me, rather I would have bought it from here, and I too would have come out of Ihram like the people.

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) says that people used to consider performing Umrah during the months of Hajj as the greatest sin on the face of the earth. Therefore, they would alter the months, declaring Muharram as Safar, and they used to say: When the wounds on the camels caused by travel heal, the traces of caravans on the roads disappear, and the month of Safar passes, then it will be permissible for those performing Umrah to do so. When the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) and his companions arrived on the fourth of Dhul-Hijjah, reciting the Talbiyah for Hajj, he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered them to change their Ihram from Hajj to Umrah and to exit Ihram after performing Umrah. But they considered this a very great matter and said: O Messenger of Allah! What kind of exiting from Ihram? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Complete exiting from Ihram.

It is also narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) reached Makkah Mukarramah on the 4th of Dhul-Hijjah. The people were reciting the Talbiyah for Hajj, but he (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered them to consider it as ‘Umrah, and those who had sacrificial animals with them should remain in their Ihram. Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) says: Thus, shirts were worn, perfumes were applied, and intercourse with wives took place.

Narrated by Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both): The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: We are benefiting from this ‘Umrah; those who do not have a sacrificial animal with them should become completely halal (i.e., come out of the state of ihram). Until the Day of Judgment, ‘Umrah has been included in Hajj (i.e., ‘Umrah can be performed during the months of Hajj until the Day of Judgment).

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said that those people who have come with the intention of Hajj and have performed the Tawaf of the House of Allah and the Sa’i between Safa and Marwah, their Hajj is complete and their action has become ‘Umrah; this is the Sunnah of Allah Almighty and His Messenger.

Mawla Ibn Abbas narrates from Janab Kuraib, who says: I said to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him): O Abu al-Abbas! What is the meaning of your statement that whoever comes with the intention of Hajj and does not have a sacrificial animal with him, then he should perform the Tawaf of the House of Allah, complete the Umrah, and become halal, and for the one who has a sacrificial animal with him, his Hajj and Umrah will be combined, while the opinion of other people is not like this? He said: Woe to you! The matter is that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and the Companions came, and the Companions were reciting the Talbiyah for Hajj, but the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered regarding those who did not have sacrificial animals with them that they should perform the Tawaf of the House of Allah and, after Umrah, become halal. Some people said: O Messenger of Allah! We had intended Hajj. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: This is not Hajj, rather this is Umrah.

A man from Banu Hajim said to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them): Abu al-Abbas! What is this fatwa of yours that has become famous among the people, that whoever performs Tawaf of the House of Allah becomes halal (released from Ihram)? He replied: This is the Sunnah of your Prophet, whether you like it or not. Hammam said: This means that whoever does not have a sacrificial animal with him should become halal (released from Ihram) after performing Umrah.

It is narrated from Mujahid that Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Zubair (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O people! Perform Hajj Ifrad and leave the statement of Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both). Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) replied: Why do you not ask your mother about this matter? So he sent a man to her to inquire about the issue, and she said: The statement of Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) is correct, because when we set out with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) with the intention of Hajj, he (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded us and we converted it into Umrah. After that, everything that had become forbidden for us due to Ihram became lawful again, to the extent that fragrances began to emanate from among the women and men.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, who says: We set out proclaiming the Talbiyah for Hajj, but when we reached Makkah Mukarramah, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, commanded us to consider it as ‘Umrah. And the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: If the thought that has come to me now had come to me earlier, I would have also made it ‘Umrah, but I have brought the sacrificial animal with me and I have combined Hajj and ‘Umrah.

Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) says: We set out with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) reciting the Talbiyah for Hajj, but when we had performed the Tawaf of the House of Allah, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: Consider it as 'Umrah, except for those who have sacrificial animals with them; they cannot come out of Ihram. So we made it 'Umrah and became halal (came out of Ihram). When the eighth of Dhul-Hijjah came, we again recited the Talbiyah for Hajj and set out towards Mina.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, he says: We came with the intention of Hajj along with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, but he, peace and blessings be upon him, ordered the people, so they made it an ‘Umrah. He, peace and blessings be upon him, said: The thought that has come to me now, if it had come to me earlier, I would have done as these people have done, but now the matter is that until the Day of Judgment, ‘Umrah has been included in Hajj. At the same time, he, peace and blessings be upon him, interlaced the fingers of one hand into the fingers of the other hand (i.e., now ‘Umrah can be performed during the days of Hajj). Thus, except for those who had sacrificial animals with them, all the rest became halal. Sayyiduna Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, came from Yemen. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, asked him: How did you recite the Talbiyah? He said: I have assumed the same Ihram as you have assumed. He, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Do you have a sacrificial animal with you? He said: No. He, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Remain in the state of Ihram, and a third of my sacrifices are for you. At that time, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, had one hundred camels with him.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: We set out with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and we thought that we were going only for Hajj. But when we reached Makkah Mukarramah, it was announced: Those among you who do not have sacrificial animals with them should come out of ihram after performing Umrah, and those who have sacrificial animals should remain in the state of ihram. So, except for those who had sacrificial animals with them, all the rest performed Umrah and came out of ihram. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had one hundred camels with him, and Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) came from Yemen, ... .

Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) has also narrated a similar hadith from the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and the Companions donned the Ihram for Hajj and recited its Talbiyah. Only the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and Sayyiduna Talha (may Allah be pleased with him) had sacrificial animals with them. Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) came from Yemen, and he also had a sacrificial animal with him. When he donned the Ihram, he said: I am donning the Ihram in the manner of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) instructed the Companions to change their Talbiyah or Ihram to Umrah, and after performing Tawaf and Sa’i of the House of Allah, to cut their hair and become halal (exit the state of Ihram), except for those who had sacrificial animals with them, for they could not become halal. But the people said: Will we go towards Mina in such a state that drops of semen will be dripping from our private parts? When this statement reached the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he said: If the thought that has now come to me had come earlier, I would not have brought the sacrificial animal with me, and if I did not have the sacrificial animal with me, I too would have become halal. During this journey, Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) began menstruating, but she performed all the rites except for the Tawaf of the House of Allah, and when she became pure from menstruation, she performed Tawaf. She said: O Messenger of Allah! You all are returning after performing both Hajj and Umrah, and I am returning after performing only Hajj? Upon hearing this, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) instructed Sayyiduna Abdur Rahman bin Abi Bakr (may Allah be pleased with them both) to go with her to Tan’eem (and help her perform Umrah), so Sayyida performed Umrah in the month of Dhul-Hijjah after Hajj. Sayyiduna Suraqah bin Malik bin Ju’sham (may Allah be pleased with him) met the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) near Jamrat al-Aqabah while he was stoning (the Jamarat). He said: O Messenger of Allah! (Is performing Umrah during the days of Hajj) specific only for this year with you? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) replied: No, rather this command is forever.

Narrated from Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), she says: We set out with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and we were only mentioning Hajj. When we reached the place of Sarif, I began menstruating. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to me, I was crying. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Why are you crying? I said: I wish I had not come for Hajj this year. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It seems that you have started menstruating? I said: Yes. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Allah Almighty has decreed this for the daughters of Adam. You should perform all the rites that the pilgrims perform, except that you should not perform the Tawaf of the House (Ka'bah) until you become pure from menstruation. When we reached Makkah, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to the companions: Turn these rites into Umrah, and those who did not have sacrificial animals became halal (came out of Ihram). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), and other people who had the means had sacrificial animals with them. Sayyida (may Allah be pleased with her) says: These people later set out reciting the Talbiyah for Hajj. I became pure from menstruation on the tenth of Dhul-Hijjah, at that time the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) sent me so that I could perform the Tawaf al-Ifadah. Then beef was brought to us, I asked: What is this? Those who informed said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had slaughtered a cow on behalf of his wives. Then, when it was the night of Hasbah (and people stayed in the valley of Hasbah on their return to Madinah), I said: O Messenger of Allah! People are returning after performing both Hajj and Umrah, and I am returning after performing only Hajj. Upon hearing this, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered my brother, Sayyiduna Abdur Rahman bin Abi Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), so he made me sit behind him on the camel (and took me to perform Umrah). I remember well, I was young, and when I would become drowsy, my face would hit the back wood of the saddle. Anyway, my brother took me to Tan'eem, and I entered into Ihram for Umrah from there and performed Umrah. This was in place of the Umrah that the people had already performed.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Bilal bin Harith (may Allah be pleased with him) that he said: O Messenger of Allah! Converting Hajj into Umrah by breaking it, is this command specific to us or general for all people? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: This is specific to us only.

(Second chain) It is narrated from Sayyiduna Bilal bin Harith (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: O Messenger of Allah! Is the permission to convert the Hajj Ihram into Umrah and perform Hajj Tamattu’ specific to us or general for all people? You (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: No, this is specific only to us.