الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الحج والعمرةBook of Hajj and Umrah
بَابُ اعْتِبَارِ الزَّادِ وَالرَّاحِلَةِ مِنَ الِاسْتِطَاعَةِ وَكَذَلِكَ سَلَامَةِ الطَّرِيقِ وَوُجُودِ
Chapter: Considering Provisions and a Mount as Part of Ability, as Well as Safety of the Road and Availability of Funds
Hadith 4082
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي ثَنَا يَحْيَى عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ أَنَا عَطَاءٌ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِامْرَأَةٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ سَمَّاهَا ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَنَسِيتُ اسْمَهَا: ((مَا مَنَعَكِ أَنْ تَحُجِّي مَعَنَا الْعَامَ))، قَالَتْ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ! إِنَّمَا كَانَ لَنَا نَاضِحَانِ، فَرَكِبَ أَبُو فُلَانٍ وَابْنُهُ لِزَوْجِهَا وَابْنِهَا، نَاضِحًا وَتَرَكَ نَاضِحًا نَنْضَحُ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((فَإِذَا كَانَ رَمَضَانُ فَاعْتَمِرِي فِيهِ، فَإِنَّ عُمْرَةً فِيهِ تَعْدِلُ حَجَّةً))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to an Ansari woman—he also mentioned her name but I have forgotten it: "What is the matter that you are not going with us for Hajj this year?" She replied: "O Noble Prophet of Allah! We had two camels. My husband and son have taken one camel and set out on a journey, and the other camel is left behind, on which we bring water." The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When the month of Ramadan comes, perform Umrah, for Umrah performed in this month is equal to Hajj."
Hadith 4083
عَنْ مَعْقِلِ بْنِ أُمِّ مَعْقِلٍ عَنْ أُمِّ مَعْقِلٍ الْأَسَدِيَّةِ قَالَ: أَرَادَتْ أُمِّيَ الْحَجَّ وَكَانَ جَمَلُهَا أَعْجَفَ، فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: ((اعْتَمِرِي فِي رَمَضَانَ، فَإِنَّ عُمْرَةً فِي رَمَضَانَ كَحَجَّةٍ))
Ma'qil says: My mother, Sayyidah Umm Ma'qil Asadiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her), intended to perform Hajj, but her camel was weak. When she mentioned this to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Perform 'Umrah in the month of Ramadan, for 'Umrah performed in the month of Ramadan is like Hajj.
Hadith 4084
(وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) عَنْ أَبِي سَلْمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أُمِّ مَعْقِلٍ الْأَسَدِيَّةِ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! إِنِّي أُرِيدُ الْحَجَّ وَجَمَلِي أَعْجَفُ فَمَا تَأْمُرُنِي؟ قَالَ: ((اعْتَمِرِي فِي رَمَضَانَ، فَإِنَّ عُمْرَةً فِي رَمَضَانَ تَعْدِلُ حَجَّةً))
(Second chain) Sayyida Umm Ma'qil Asadiya (may Allah be pleased with her) said: O Messenger of Allah! I wish to perform Hajj, but my camel is weak. Now what do you command me to do? You (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: Perform Umrah in the month of Ramadan, for performing Umrah in the month of Ramadan is equal to Hajj.
Hadith 4085
عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ بَنِي أَسَدِ بْنِ خُزَيْمَةَ يُقَالُ لَهَا أُمُّ مَعْقِلٍ قَالَتْ: أَرَدْتُ الْحَجَّ فَضَلَّ بَعِيرِي، فَسَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: ((اعْتَمِرِي فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ، فَإِنَّ عُمْرَةً فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ تَعْدِلُ حَجَّةً))
A woman from Banu Asad bin Khuzaymah, Sayyida Umm Ma'qil (may Allah be pleased with her), narrates: I intended to perform Hajj, but my camel was lost. When I asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about it, he said: Perform ‘Umrah in the month of Ramadan, for performing ‘Umrah in this month is equal to Hajj.
Hadith 4086
(وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) قَالَ: كُنْتُ فِيمَنْ رَكِبَ مَعَ مَرْوَانَ حِينَ رَكِبَ إِلَى أُمِّ مَعْقِلٍ، قَالَ: وَكُنْتُ فِيمَنْ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا مِنَ النَّاسِ مَعَهُ وَسَمِعْتُهَا حِينَ حَدَّثَتْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ
(Second chain) Abu Bakr bin Abdur Rahman says: When Marwan went to Lady Umm Ma'qil (may Allah be pleased with her), I was also included in the caravan, and I was among those who were present with Lady Umm Ma'qil (may Allah be pleased with her). Then she narrated this hadith, which I myself heard from her.
Hadith 4087
(وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَالِثٍ) قَالَ: أَرْسَلَ مَرْوَانُ إِلَى أُمِّ مَعْقِلٍ الْأَسَدِيَّةِ يَسْأَلُهَا عَنْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ فَحَدَّثَتْهُ أَنَّ زَوْجَهَا جَعَلَ بَكْرًا لَهَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَأَنَّهَا أَرَادَتِ الْعُمْرَةَ، فَسَأَلَتْ زَوْجَهَا الْبَكْرَ فَأَبَى، فَأَتَتِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُعْطِيَهَا، وَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((الْحَجُّ وَالْعُمْرَةُ مِنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ، وَقَالَ: عُمْرَةٌ فِي رَمَضَانَ تَعْدِلُ حَجَّةً أَوْ تُجْزِئُ حَجَّةً، وَقَالَ حَجَّاجٌ تَعْدِلُ بِحَجَّةٍ أَوْ تُجْزِئُ بِحَجَّةٍ))
. (Third chain) Abu Bakr bin Abdur Rahman says that Marwan sent a message to Sayyida Umm Ma'qil Asadiya (may Allah be pleased with her) to ask her about this hadith. She narrated the hadith as follows: My husband dedicated one of my camels in the way of Allah. When I intended to perform Umrah, I asked my husband for the camel, but he refused to give it to me. I went to the service of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and told him the whole matter. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered my husband to give me my camel. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) also said: Hajj and Umrah are also among the ways of Allah. He also said: Performing Umrah in the month of Ramadan is equal to Hajj, or he said that it suffices for Hajj.
Hadith 4088
(وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ رَابِعٍ) قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي رَسُولُ مَرْوَانَ الَّذِي أُرْسِلَ إِلَى أُمِّ مَعْقِلٍ قَالَ: قَالَتْ: جَاءَ أَبُو مَعْقِلٍ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَاجًّا، فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ أَبُو مَعْقِلٍ قَالَتْ أُمُّ مَعْقِلٍ: قَدْ عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ عَلَيَّ حَجَّةً، وَأَنَّ عِنْدَكَ بَكْرًا فَأَعْطِنِي فَلِأَحُجَّ عَلَيْهِ، قَالَ: فَقَالَ لَهَا: إِنَّكِ قَدْ عَلِمْتِ أَنِّي قَدْ جَعَلْتُهُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ، قَالَتْ: فَأَعْطِنِي صِرَامَ نَخْلِكَ، قَالَ: قَدْ عَلِمْتِ أَنَّهُ قُوتُ أَهْلِي، قَالَتْ: فَإِنِّي مُكَلِّمَةٌ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَذَاكِرَتُهُ لَهُ، قَالَ: فَانْطَلَقَا يَمْشِيَانِ حَتَّى دَخَلَا عَلَيْهِ، قَالَ: فَقَالَتْ لَهُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! إِنَّ عَلَيَّ حَجَّةً وَإِنَّ لِأَبِي مَعْقِلٍ بَكْرًا، قَالَ أَبُو مَعْقِلٍ: صَدَقَتْ جَعَلْتُهُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ: ((أَعْطِهَا فَلْتَحُجَّ فَإِنَّهُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ))، قَالَ: فَلَمَّا أَعْطَاهَا الْبَكْرَ قَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! إِنِّي امْرَأَةٌ قَدْ كَبِرْتُ وَسَقِمْتُ فَهَلْ مِنْ عَمَلٍ يُجْزِئُ عَنِّي مِنْ حَجَّتِي؟ قَالَ: فَقَالَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((عُمْرَةٌ فِي رَمَضَانَ تُجْزِئُ لِحَجَّتِكِ))
(Chain Four) Abu Bakr bin Abdur Rahman says: The messenger whom Marwan sent to Sayyida Umm Ma'qil (may Allah be pleased with her) narrated to me that Sayyida Umm Ma'qil (may Allah be pleased with her) said: Sayyiduna Abu Ma'qil (may Allah be pleased with him) was about to go for Hajj with the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). When he came home, I said: You know that Hajj is obligatory upon me as well, and you have a camel; give it to me so that I can also perform Hajj. He said: You know that I have dedicated it in the way of Allah, so it cannot be given to you. Sayyida Umm Ma'qil (may Allah be pleased with her) said: Then give me the dates you have picked. He said: You know that those are the food for my family. Sayyida Umm Ma'qil (may Allah be pleased with her) said: Then I will mention this to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). So both of them set out and reached the service of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Sayyida Umm Ma'qil (may Allah be pleased with her) said: O Messenger of Allah! Hajj is obligatory upon me and Abu Ma'qil has a camel. Sayyiduna Abu Ma'qil (may Allah be pleased with him) said: What she says is correct, but I have dedicated it in the way of Allah. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Give her that camel so that she can perform Hajj on it, and Hajj is also among the ways of Allah the Exalted. When Sayyiduna Abu Ma'qil (may Allah be pleased with him) gave her the camel, she said: O Messenger of Allah! I am now quite old and often remain ill; is there any deed that can serve as a substitute for my Hajj? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Performing Umrah in the month of Ramadan will suffice for Hajj.
Hadith 4089
عَنْ أَبِي عِمْرَانَ الْجَوْنِيِّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَغَزَوْنَا نَحْوَ فَارِسَ، فَقَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((مَنْ بَاتَ فَوْقَ بَيْتٍ لَيْسَ لَهُ إِجَّارٌ، فَوَقَعَ فَمَاتَ بَرِئَتْ مِنْهُ الذِّمَّةُ، وَمَنْ رَكِبَ الْبَحْرَ عِنْدَ ارْتِجَاجِهِ فَمَاتَ فَقَدْ بَرِئَتْ مِنْهُ الذِّمَّةُ))
Abu Imran Jouni says: We had gone for jihad towards Persia, at that time a companion narrated to me that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Whoever spends the night on such a roof that has no covering or barrier, and he falls and dies, then Allah’s protection is lifted from him. Similarly, whoever undertakes a sea journey while it is turbulent, and then he dies, Allah’s protection is also lifted from him.
Hadith 4090
(وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) قَالَ: كُنَّا بِفَارِسَ وَعَلَيْنَا أَمِيرٌ، يُقَالُ لَهُ زُهَيْرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، فَقَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي رَجُلٌ أَنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: ((مَنْ بَاتَ فَوْقَ إِجَّارٍ أَوْ فَوْقَ بَيْتٍ لَيْسَ حَوْلَهُ شَيْءٌ يَرُدُّ رِجْلَهُ فَقَدْ بَرِئَتْ مِنْهُ الذِّمَّةُ، وَمَنْ رَكِبَ الْبَحْرَ بَعْدَ مَا يَرْتَجُّ فَقَدْ بَرِئَتْ مِنْهُ الذِّمَّةُ))
. (Second chain) Abu Imran Jouni says: We were in the region of Persia, and a person named Zuhair bin Abdullah was our leader. He said that a man narrated to him that the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Whoever spends the night on a roof or on a covering of a roof that does not have any barrier or obstruction that could prevent his leg from slipping, then Allah's protection is lifted from him. Similarly, if he travels by sea after it has become turbulent, then Allah's protection is also lifted from him.
Hadith 4091
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: ((لَا تُسَافِرُ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَّا وَمَعَهَا ذُو مَحْرَمٍ، وَجَاءَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَجُلٌ، فَقَالَ: إِنِّي اُكْتُتِبْتُ فِي غَزْوَةِ كَذَا وَكَذَا وَامْرَأَتِي حَاجَّةٌ، قَالَ: ((فَارْجِعْ فَحُجَّ مَعَهَا))
Narrated by Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him: The Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: No woman should travel without a mahram. A man came to the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, and said: My name has been registered for such-and-such a battle, while my wife wants to go for Hajj. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Go back and perform Hajj with her.
Hadith 4092
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: لَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرَأَةٍ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ تُسَافِرُ يَوْمًا وَلَيْلَةً (وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: تُسَافِرُ لَيْلَةً، وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ، وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: يَوْمًا تَامًا) إِلَّا مَعَ ذِي مَحْرَمٍ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا
Narrated by Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him), the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It is not lawful for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to travel for a day and night without a mahram. In one narration, only one night is mentioned, in another narration, three days, and in another narration, a complete day of travel is mentioned.
