الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الصيامBook of Fasting
بَابُ فِي أَنَّ صَوْمَ التَّطَوُّعِ لَا يَلْزَمُ بِالشُّرُوعِ فِيهِ
Chapter: Voluntary Fasting Is Not Obligatory by Beginning It
Hadith 3896
عَنْ أُمِّ هَانِئٍ (بِنْتِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ) رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَرِبَ شَرَابًا فَنَاوَلَهَا لِتَشْرَبَ، فَقَالَتْ: إِنِّي صَائِمَةٌ وَلَكِنِّي كَرِهْتُ أَنْ أَرُدَّ سُؤْرَكَ، فَقَالَ: ((إِنْ كَانَ قَضَاءً مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَاقْضِي يَوْمًا مَكَانَهُ، وَإِنْ كَانَ تَطَوُّعًا فَإِنْ شِئْتِ فَاقْضِي وَإِنْ شِئْتِ فَلَا تَقْضِي))
Narrated by Sayyida Umm Hani bint Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with her), she says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) drank a beverage and gave it to me as well. Later, I said: I was fasting, but I could not bear to leave what was left by you. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: If this fast was a make-up for Ramadan, then keep one fast in its place, and if it was a voluntary fast, then it is up to you whether you make it up or not.
Hadith 3897
(وَعَنْهَا مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ): قَالَتْ: لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ جَاءَتْ فَاطِمَةُ حَتَّى قَعَدَتْ عَنْ يَسَارِهِ، وَجَاءَتْ أُمُّ هَانِئٍ فَقَعَدَتْ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَجَاءَتِ الْوَلِيدَةُ بِشَرَابٍ فَتَنَاوَلَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَشَرِبَ، ثُمَّ نَاوَلَهُ أُمَّ هَانِئٍ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ فَقَالَتْ: لَقَدْ كُنْتُ صَائِمَةً، فَقَالَ لَهَا: ((أَشَيْءٌ تَقْضِينَهُ عَلَيْكِ؟)) قَالَتْ: لَا، قَالَ: ((لَا يَضُرُّكِ إِذًا))
(Second chain) Sayyida Umm Hani (may Allah be pleased with her) says: On the day of the conquest of Makkah, Sayyida Fatima (may Allah be pleased with her) came and sat on the left side of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and Sayyida Umm Hani (may Allah be pleased with her) came and sat on the right side. Meanwhile, a slave girl brought a drink; first, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) drank from it himself, and then gave it to Sayyida Umm Hani (may Allah be pleased with her). After drinking, she said: I was fasting. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked her: Was it a make-up (qada) fast? She replied: No. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Then it will not harm you (i.e., there is no problem).
Hadith 3898
(وَعَنْهَا مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَالِثٍ) أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ فَأُتِيَ بِشَرَابٍ فَشَرِبَ ثُمَّ نَاوَلَنِي، فَقُلْتُ: إِنِّي صَائِمَةٌ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((إِنَّ الْمُتَطَوِّعَ أَمِيرٌ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ، فَإِنْ شِئْتِ فَصُومِي وَإِنْ شِئْتِ فَأَفْطِرِي))
(Third Chain) Sayyida Umm Hani (may Allah be pleased with her) says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to my house on the day of the conquest of Makkah. A drink was presented to him, and he drank it, then gave it to me. I said: I am fasting. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The one performing a voluntary act of worship is his own master, so if you wish, keep the fast, and if you wish, break it.
Hadith 3899
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: أُهْدِيَتْ لَحَفْصَةَ شَاةٌ وَنَحْنُ صَائِمَتَانِ، فَفَطَّرَتْنِي فَكَانَتِ ابْنَةَ أَبِيهَا، فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ عَلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَى آلِهِ وَصَحْبِهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَكَرْنَا ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ: ((أَبْدِلَا يَوْمًا مَكَانَهُ))
Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) says: Lady Hafsa (may Allah be pleased with her) was presented with the meat of a goat as a gift, while both of us were fasting. She made me break my fast; after all, she was the daughter of her (great father, Sayyiduna Umar, may Allah be pleased with him). When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to us, we mentioned this matter to him. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: In compensation, each of you should fast one day.
