الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الصيامBook of Fasting
بَابُ جَامِعٍ لِبَعْضِ مَا يُسْتَحَبُّ صَوْمُهُ وَمَا يُكْرَهُ
Chapter: A Comprehensive Chapter on What Is Recommended to Fast and What Is Disliked
Hadith 3886
عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَجُلًا سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ صَوْمِهِ فَغَضِبَ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: رَضِينَا بِاللَّهِ رَبًّا وَبِالْإِسْلَامِ دِينًا، قَالَ: وَلَا أَعْلَمُهُ إِلَّا قَدْ قَالَ: وَبِمُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولًا وَبِبَيْعَتِنَا بَيْعَةً، قَالَ: فَقَامَ عُمَرُ أَوْ رَجُلٌ آخَرُ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! رَجُلٌ صَامَ الْأَبَدَ، قَالَ: ((لَا صَامَ وَلَا أَفْطَرَ أَوْ مَا صَامَ وَمَا أَفْطَرَ))، قَالَ: صَوْمُ يَوْمَيْنِ وَإِفْطَارُ يَوْمٍ؟ قَالَ: ((وَمَنْ يُطِيقُ ذَلِكَ؟)) قَالَ: لَيْتَ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قَوَّانَا لِذَلِكَ، قَالَ: صَوْمُ يَوْمٍ وَإِفْطَارُ يَوْمٍ؟ قَالَ: ذَاكَ صَوْمُ أَخِي دَاوُدَ، قَالَ: صَوْمُ الْإِثْنَيْنِ وَالْخَمِيسِ؟ قَالَ: ذَاكَ يَوْمٌ وُلِدْتُ فِيهِ وَأُنْزِلَ عَلَيَّ فِيهِ، قَالَ: صَوْمُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ، وَرَمَضَانَ إِلَى رَمَضَانَ؟ قَالَ: ((صَوْمُ الدَّهْرِ وَإِفْطَارُهُ))، قَالَ: صَوْمُ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ؟ قَالَ: ((يُكَفِّرُ السَّنَةَ الْمَاضِيَةَ وَالْبَاقِيَةَ))، قَالَ: صَوْمُ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ؟ قَالَ: ((يُكَفِّرُ السَّنَةَ الْمَاضِيَةَ))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) that a man asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about his fasting. Upon this, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) became angry. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: We are pleased with Allah as our Lord, with Islam as our religion, with Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) as our Messenger, and with the truth of our pledge. Then Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) or another man stood up and said: O Messenger of Allah! What about a man who fasts every day? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: He neither fasts nor breaks his fast. He asked: What about fasting two days and leaving one day? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Who has the strength for that? If only Allah would grant us such strength. He asked: What about fasting one day and leaving one day? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: That was the fast of my brother Dawud (peace be upon him). He asked: What about fasting on Mondays and Thursdays? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: On that day I was born and on that day the Qur’an began to be revealed to me. He asked: What about fasting three days every month and the fasts of Ramadan? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: That is also perpetual fasting and perpetual breaking of the fast. He asked: What about fasting on the day of Arafah? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: This fast is an expiation for the sins of the previous and coming two years. He asked: What about fasting on the day of Ashura (the tenth of Muharram)? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: This fast is an expiation for the sins of the previous year.
Hadith 3887
عَنْ هُنَيْدَةَ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنِ امْرَأَتِهِ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَتْ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَصُومُ تِسْعَ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ، وَيَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ وَثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ، قَالَ: عَفَّانُ: أَوَّلَ اثْنَيْنِ مِنَ الشَّهْرِ وَخَمِيسَيْنِ
One of the Mothers of the Believers (may Allah be pleased with her) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) used to fast on the 9th of Dhul-Hijjah, the Day of Ashura, and three days of every month, that is, the first Monday and two Thursdays of every month.
Hadith 3888
وَعَنْهُ أَيْضًا عَنْ حَفْصَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَتْ: أَرْبَعٌ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَدَعُهُنَّ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ صِيَامَ عَاشُورَاءَ وَالْعَشْرَ وَثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ قَبْلَ الْغَدَاةِ
Narrated from Sayyida Hafsa (may Allah be pleased with her), she said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) never abandoned four practices: fasting on the day of Ashura, fasting during the ten days of Dhul-Hijjah, fasting three days of every month, and performing the two Sunnah units before the Fajr prayer.
Hadith 3889
عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((يَوْمُ عَرَفَةَ وَيَوْمُ النَّحْرِ وَأَيَّامُ التَّشْرِيقِ عِيدُنَا أَهْلَ الْإِسْلَامِ وَهُنَّ أَيَّامُ أَكْلٍ وَشُرْبٍ))
Sayyiduna Uqbah bin Amir (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The Day of Arafah, the Day of Sacrifice, and the Days of Tashreeq are our festivals, the people of Islam, and these are days of eating and drinking.
