الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الصيامBook of Fasting
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي حُكْمِ الصِّيَامِ لِلْمَرِيضِ وَالْكَبِيرِ وَالْحَامِلِ وَالْمُرْضِعِ
Chapter: The Ruling of Fasting for the Sick, Elderly, Pregnant, and Nursing Women
Hadith 3850
عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ رَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ كَعْبٍ (زَادَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ: وَلَيْسَ بِالْأَنْصَارِيِّ) قَالَ: أَغَارَتْ عَلَيْنَا خَيْلُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ (وَفِي لَفْظٍ: أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي إِبِلٍ لِجَارِي أُخِذَتْ) فَأَتَيْتُهُ وَهُوَ يَتَغَدَّى، فَقَالَ: ((ادْنُ فَكُلْ))، قُلْتُ: إِنِّي صَائِمٌ، قَالَ: ((اجْلِسْ أُحَدِّثْكَ عَنِ الصَّوْمِ أَوِ الصِّيَامِ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَضَعَ عَنِ الْمُسَافِرِ شَطْرَ الصَّلَاةِ وَعَنِ الْمُسَافِرِ وَالْحَامِلِ وَالْمُرْضِعِ الصَّوْمَ أَوِ الصِّيَامَ))، وَاللَّهِ! لَقَدْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ كِلَاهُمَا أَوْ أَحَدَهُمَا، فَيَا لَهْفَ نَفْسِي، هَلَّا كُنْتُ طَعِمْتُ مِنْ طَعَامِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ
A man from Banu Abdullah bin Ka'b narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), who was not an Ansari, that the horsemen of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) attacked our tribe. In another narration: My neighbor's camel was looted, so I went to the service of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) regarding this matter. At that time, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was eating food. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: Come near and eat food. I said: I am fasting. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Sit down, I will tell you about fasting. Allah Almighty has given the traveler a concession in half the prayer, and the traveler, pregnant woman, and nursing woman a concession in fasting. By Allah! The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) mentioned both the pregnant and the nursing woman, or one of them. Alas! Why did I not eat food with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)?
Hadith 3851
عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبْلٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ مِنْ حَدِيثٍ طَوِيلٍ تَقَدَّمَ فِي بَابِ الْأَحْوَالِ الَّتِي عُرِضَتْ لِلصِّيَامِ رَقَم (31) صَفْحَة (239) مِنَ الْجُزْءِ التَّاسِعِ قَالَ: ثُمَّ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَنْزَلَ الْآيَةَ الْأُخْرَى {شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَ فِيهِ الْقُرْآنُ} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {فَمَنْ شَهِدَ مِنْكُمُ الشَّهْرَ فَلْيَصُمْهُ} قَالَ: فَأَثْبَتَ اللَّهُ صِيَامَهُ عَلَى الْمُقِيمِ الصَّحِيحِ وَرَخَّصَ فِيهِ لِلْمَرِيضِ وَالْمُسَافِرِ، وَثَبَتَ الْإِطْعَامُ لِلْكَبِيرِ الَّذِي لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ الصِّيَامَ
There is a lengthy hadith of Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him), which has already been mentioned in Part No. 9, Hadith No. (31), and Page No. (239) in the chapter "The Conditions That Occurred Regarding Fasting." In it, it is stated: Then Allah the Exalted revealed this verse: {شَہْرُ رَمَضَانَ الَّذِی … شَہِدَ مِنْکُمُ الشَّہْرَ فَلْیَصُمْہُ} (Surah Al-Baqarah: 185), meaning: "The month of Ramadan is that in which the Qur'an was revealed as guidance for the people and as clear proofs of guidance and criterion (between right and wrong). So whoever of you witnesses the month, let him fast it." Thus, Allah made fasting obligatory upon the healthy and resident person, and granted concession to the sick and the traveler, and for the elderly person who does not have the strength to fast, it was legislated to feed (a needy person).
