Fath al-Rabbani

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: When the call to prayer for Fajr is given and any of you is in a state of major ritual impurity (junub), then he should not fast that day.

Raja bin Haywah says that Ya'la bin Munabbih got married in Ramadan, and thus he entered the morning in a state of janabah (major ritual impurity). So he met Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) and asked him about this. In response, he said: Break your fast. Ya'la said: Would it not be better if I complete today's fast and then keep another fast in its place? He said: Break your fast. Ya'la then went to Marwan and mentioned this incident. Marwan sent Abu Bakr bin Abdur Rahman to Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her). So he asked the Lady, and she replied: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would enter the morning in a state of janabah while fasting, and this janabah was not due to a wet dream. Abu Bakr bin Abdur Rahman returned and narrated this hadith to Marwan. He said: Go and inform Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) of this. Abu Bakr bin Abdur Rahman said: He is my neighbor, my neighbor (so I will not be able to tell him this). But Marwan said: I give you a definite order to go and meet him and narrate this hadith to him. So he went and met him and narrated this hadith to him. Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I did not hear this directly from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), but Sayyiduna Fadl bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) informed me of it. Ibn Awf says: After this, when I met Raja, I asked him: Who narrated the hadith of Ya'la to you? He said: Ya'la himself narrated it to me.

Abdur Rahman bin ‘Atab says: Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) used to say that whoever wakes up in a state of major ritual impurity (janabah), his fast is not valid. Marwan bin Hakam sent me and another man to Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) and Sayyidah Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) so that we could ask them about the one who wakes up in a state of janabah before performing ghusl (ritual bath) during the month of Ramadan. One of them said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would wake up in a state of janabah, but would then perform ghusl and complete the fast of that day. The other said: He (peace and blessings be upon him) would wake up in a state of janabah, but this janabah was not due to a wet dream, then he (peace and blessings be upon him) would complete his fast. Both of them returned and narrated this hadith to Marwan. Marwan said to Abdur Rahman: Inform Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) of the hadith of these two (Mothers of the Believers). Upon hearing this, Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: That was indeed my assumption, that was indeed my opinion. Marwan said to him: Do you give people religious verdicts based on assumption and personal opinion?

Abdur Rahman bin Harith says: I went to Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), and she narrated this hadith that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would enter the morning in a state of major ritual impurity (janabah), then he (peace and blessings be upon him) would perform ghusl and proceed towards the mosque, while drops of water would be falling from his head, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) would also be fasting that day. When I narrated this hadith to Marwan bin Hakam, he said to me: Go and inform Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) of this hadith from Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her). I said: He is my friend and I wish that you excuse me in this matter. But he said: I insist that you go. So, both he and I went to Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him), and I conveyed Lady Aisha’s (may Allah be pleased with her) statement to him. He said: (This means that) Lady Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) knows more about the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).

(Second chain) Abu Bakr bin Abdur Rahman says: My father and I both went to the service of Sayyida Aisha and Sayyida Umm Salama (may Allah be pleased with them), and both of them said that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would enter the morning in a state of janabah and would also fast.

(Third chain) They say: The wives of the Noble Prophet, Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) and Sayyida Umm Salama (may Allah be pleased with her), both narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would enter the morning in a state of major ritual impurity (janabah) due to intimacy with his wife, then he would perform ghusl before offering the Fajr prayer and would also fast that day. They say: When I mentioned this hadith to Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him), he said: This hadith is not known to me, however, Sayyiduna Fadl bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that hadith to me.

. (Fourth chain) It is similar to the previous hadith, except that it contains these words: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would enter the morning in a state of major ritual impurity due to intercourse, not due to a wet dream, and then he would fast that day. In the hadith of ‘Abd Rabbah, there is also mention of Ramadan.

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, who says: By the Lord of this House! I did not say that a person who wakes up in a state of impurity should not fast. By the Lord of the Ka'bah! This statement was made by Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him. By the Lord of the Ka'bah! I did not prohibit fasting on Friday, rather Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, prohibited it.

Narrated from Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that a man asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him): O Messenger of Allah! I am in a state of major ritual impurity (janabah) and the time for Fajr prayer comes upon me, while I also intend to fast. What should I do in such a situation? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: (It happens with me as well that) I am in a state of janabah and the time for prayer comes upon me, while I also intend to fast, so I perform ghusl (ritual bath) and keep the fast. That man said: We are not like you, O Messenger of Allah, Allah Almighty has forgiven all your past and future sins. Upon hearing this, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) became angry and said: By Allah! I am certain that I am the most God-fearing among you and I know best what I should abstain from.

It is narrated from Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that when morning would come, the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would be in a state of major ritual impurity (janabah), then he (peace and blessings be upon him) would perform ghusl (ritual bath) and observe the fast.

(Sec­ond chain) Similarly, the hadith is narrated, except that in it are these words: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would enter the morning in a state of major ritual impurity (janabah), then he (peace and blessings be upon him) would perform ghusl and proceed for prayer (and would lead the people in prayer and) I would be listening to the sound of his (peace and blessings be upon him) recitation, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) would also fast on that day.

Sayyiduna Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: When any one of you is fasting, he should neither use foul language nor raise his voice; if someone abuses him or fights with him, he should simply reply, "I am fasting."