الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الصيامBook of Fasting
بَابُ وَقْتِ السَّحُورِ وَاسْتِحْبَابِ تَأْخِيرِهِ
Chapter: The Time of Suhur and the Recommendation to Delay It
Hadith 3730
عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ (الطَّائِيِّ) رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: عَلَّمَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ الصَّلَاةَ وَالصِّيَامَ، قَالَ: ((صَلِّ كَذَا وَكَذَا وَصُمْ، فَإِذَا غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَكُلْ وَاشْرَبْ حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكَ الْخَيْطُ الْأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الْخَيْطِ الْأَسْوَدِ، وَصُمْ ثَلَاثِينَ يَوْمًا إِلَّا أَنْ تَرَى الْهِلَالَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ))، فَأَخَذْتُ خَيْطَيْنِ مِنْ شَعْرٍ أَسْوَدَ وَأَبْيَضَ، فَكُنْتُ أَنْظُرُ فِيهِمَا فَلَا يَتَبَيَّنُ لِي، فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَضَحِكَ وَقَالَ: ((يَا ابْنَ حَاتِمٍ إِنَّمَا ذَكَ بَيَاضُ النَّهَارِ مِنْ سَوَادِ اللَّيْلِ))
Sayyiduna ‘Adi bin Hatim Tai says: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, taught me about prayer and fasting, and he, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Perform such-and-such prayers and fast in this manner. When the sun sets, you may eat and drink throughout the night, until the white thread becomes distinct from the black thread, and complete the full thirty fasts of (Ramadan), unless the moon is sighted before that. So I took a black thread and a white thread and began to look at them (at the time of suhoor), but they were not becoming clear to me. Therefore, I informed the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, about this. Upon hearing this, he, peace and blessings be upon him, smiled and said: By the white thread is meant the whiteness of the day becoming distinct from the darkness of the night at the time of dawn.
Hadith 3731
عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَبِيتَ عِنْدَكَ اللَّيْلَةَ فَأُصَلِّي بِصَلَاتِكَ، قَالَ: ((لَا تَسْتَطِيعُ صَلَاتِي))، فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَغْتَسِلُ فَيُسْتَرُ بِثَوْبٍ وَأَنَا مَحَوَّلٌ عَنْهُ، فَاغْتَسَلَ ثُمَّ فَعَلْتُ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ قَامَ يُصَلِّي وَقُمْتُ مَعَهُ حَتَّى جَعَلْتُ أَضْرِبُ بِرَأْسِي الْجُدْرَانَ مِنْ طُولِ صَلَاتِهِ ثُمَّ أَذَّنَ بِلَالٌ لِلصَّلَاةِ فَقَالَ: ((أَفَعَلْتَ؟))، قَالَ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: ((يَا بِلَالُ! إِنَّكَ لَتُؤَذِّنُ إِذَا كَانَ الصُّبْحُ سَاطِعًا فِي السَّمَاءِ وَلَيْسَ ذَلِكَ الصُّبْحُ، إِنَّمَا الصُّبْحُ هَكَذَا مُعْتَرِضًا))، ثُمَّ دَعَا بِسَحُورٍ فَتَسَحَّرَ
Sayyiduna Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I said to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him): I want to spend the night at your place tonight so that I may perform the night prayer following you. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: You will not be able to keep up with my prayer. Nevertheless, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) woke up and performed ghusl behind a cloth curtain while I turned my face the other way, then I did the same. After that, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) began the prayer, (and stood for so long that) I (due to fatigue or sleepiness) was hitting my head against the wall. Then Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) called the adhan for prayer. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Have you already given the adhan? He said: Yes. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Bilal! When you give the adhan, at that time the light goes straight up towards the sky and that is not the true dawn; the true dawn is when the light spreads (horizontally) along the horizon. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had food brought and ate suhoor.
Hadith 3732
عَنْ زِرِّ بْنِ حُبَيْشٍ قَالَ: تَسَحَّرْتُ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقْتُ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَمَرَرْتُ بِمَنْزِلِ حُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ الْيَمَانِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَأَمَرَ بِلَقْحَةٍ، فَحُلِبَتْ وَبِقِدْرٍ فَسُخِّنَتْ ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَدْنُ فَكُلْ، فَقُلْتُ: إِنِّي أُرِيدُ الصَّوْمَ، فَقَالَ: وَأَنَا أُرِيدُ الصَّوْمَ، فَأَكَلْنَا وَشَرِبْنَا ثُمَّ أَتَيْنَا الْمَسْجِدَ فَأُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ: هَكَذَا فَعَلَ بِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ (وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ) هَكَذَا صَنَعْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَصَنَعَ بِيَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قُلْتُ: أَبَعْدَ الصُّبْحِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، هُوَ الصُّبْحُ غَيْرَ أَنْ لَمْ تَطْلُعِ الشَّمْسُ
Zar bin Hubaysh says: I ate the pre-dawn meal and then walked towards the mosque. As I passed by the house of Sayyiduna Hudhayfah bin Yaman (may Allah be pleased with him), I went to him. He ordered that the milk of a she-camel who had just given birth be milked and that the pot be heated, and he said to me: Come near and eat food. I said: I want to fast today. He said: I also want to fast, so we ate food and drank milk, and then we went towards the mosque. In the meantime, the call for the establishment of prayer was given (and we prayed). Then Sayyiduna Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him) informed that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had once done the same with him. In another narration, it is stated: I did the same with the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and he did the same with me. I asked: Was it after dawn had broken? He said: Yes, dawn had broken, but the sun had not yet risen.
Hadith 3733
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي ثَنَا مُعَمَّلٌ ثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ عَنْ نَصْرٍ عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ الْيَمَانِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: كَانَ بِلَالٌ يَأْتِي النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ يَتَسَحَّرُ وَإِنِّي لَأُبْصِرُ مَوَاقِعَ نَبْلِي، قُلْتُ: أَبَعْدَ الصُّبْحِ؟ قَالَ: بَعْدَ الصُّبْحِ إِلَّا أَنَّهَا لَمْ تَطْلُعِ الشَّمْسُ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Hudhayfah bin Yaman (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) used to come to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) while he (the Prophet) was eating suhoor, and at that time I could still see the place where my arrow had fallen. I (Nasr) said: After dawn? He said: Yes, after dawn, but the sun had not yet risen.
Hadith 3734
(وَمِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ): حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي ثَنَا وَكِيعٌ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِحُذَيْفَةَ: أَيُّ سَاعَةٍ تَسَحَّرْتُمْ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ؟ قَالَ: هُوَ النَّهَارُ إِلَّا أَنَّ الشَّمْسَ لَمْ تَطْلُعْ
(Second chain) Asim said: I asked Sayyiduna Hudhayfah (may Allah be pleased with him): At what time did you people eat sahur with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)? He said: The day had begun, but the sun had not yet risen.
Hadith 3735
عَنْ بِلَالِ بْنِ رَبَاحٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أُؤَذِّنُهُ بِالصَّلَاةِ قَالَ: أَبُو أَحْمَدَ، وَهُوَ يُرِيدُ الصِّيَامَ فَدَعَا بِقَدَحٍ فَشَرِبَ وَسَقَانِي، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ لِلصَّلَاةِ فَقَامَ يُصَلِّي بِغَيْرِ وَضُوءٍ يُرِيدُ الصَّوْمَ
Sayyiduna Bilal bin Rabah (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) to inform him about the prayer, while he intended to fast. So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had a bowl brought, drank from it himself, and gave me to drink as well. After that, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) proceeded towards the mosque for prayer and began to pray without performing ablution, while he intended to fast.
Hadith 3736
عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَذَلِكَ فِي السَّحَرِ: ((يَا أَنَسُ! إِنِّي أُرِيدُ الصِّيَامَ فَأَطْعِمْنِي شَيْئًا))، قَالَ: فَجِئْتُهُ بِتَمْرٍ وَإِنَاءٍ فِيهِ مَاءٌ بَعْدَ مَا أَذَّنَ بِلَالٌ، فَقَالَ: ((يَا أَنَسُ! انْظُرْ إِنْسَانًا يَأْكُلُ مَعِي))، قَالَ: فَدَعَوْتُ زَيْدَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! إِنِّي شَرِبْتُ شَرْبَةَ سَوِيقٍ فَأَنَا أُرِيدُ الصِّيَامَ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَى آلِهِ وَصَحْبِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((وَأَنَا أُرِيدُ الصِّيَامَ))، فَتَسَحَّرَ مَعَهُ وَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَأُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Qatadah that Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to me at the time of suhoor: "Anas! I intend to fast, bring me something to eat." I brought dates and a vessel of water to serve him, while Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) had already given the adhan. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Anas! Find and bring someone who will eat with me." I went and brought Sayyiduna Zayd bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him). He said: "O Messenger of Allah! I have already drunk sattu and intended to fast." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I also intend to fast." So he also ate suhoor with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed two rak'ahs, after which he went out and the iqamah for prayer was given.
Hadith 3737
عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ الرَّجُلِ يُرِيدُ الصِّيَامَ وَالْإِنَاءُ عَلَى يَدِهِ لِيَشْرَبَ مِنْهُ فَيَسْمَعُ النِّدَاءَ؟ قَالَ جَابِرٌ: كُنَّا نُحَدَّثُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: ((لِيَشْرَبْ))
Abu Zubair says: I asked Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) that if a man wants to fast and he has a vessel in his hand to drink something, but at that very moment the call to prayer (adhan) is heard (then what should he do)? Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) said: It was narrated to us that (regarding such a situation) the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: He should drink.
Hadith 3738
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ حَفْصَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ إِذَا أَذَّنَ الْمُؤَذِّنُ، صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَحَرَّمَ الطَّعَامَ، وَكَانَ لَا يُؤَذَّنُ حَتَّى يَطْلُعَ الْفَجْرُ
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates from Sayyida Hafsa (may Allah be pleased with her) that when the muezzin would call the adhan, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would perform two rak‘ahs and make food forbidden (for the fasting person), and the adhan would not be given until true dawn had appeared.
Hadith 3739
عَنْ سَمُرَةَ بْنِ جُنْدُبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((لَا يَمْنَعَنَّكُمْ مِنْ سَحُورِكُمْ أَذَانُ بِلَالٍ، وَلَا الْفَجْرُ الْمُسْتَطِيلُ، وَلَكِنِ الْفَجْرُ الْمُسْتَطِيرُ فِي الْأُفُقِ))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Samurah bin Jundub (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The adhan of Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) and the false dawn should not prevent you from eating suhoor; but when the spreading light appears on the horizon, that is, the true dawn, then stop eating.
Hadith 3740
(وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ): قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((لَا يَغُرَّنَّكُمْ نِدَاءُ بِلَالٍ وَهَذَا الْبَيَاضُ حَتَّى يَنْفَجِرَ الْفَجْرُ أَوْ يَطْلُعَ الْفَجْرُ))
(Second chain) The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Let not the adhan of Bilal, may Allah be pleased with him, nor this (false dawn) whiteness cause you any doubt or confusion; rather, when the true dawn breaks or appears (then the time for suhoor ends).
