الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الصيامBook of Fasting
بَابُ وُجُوبِ النِّيَّةِ فِي الصَّوْمِ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ وَحُكْمِ مَنْ وَجَبَ عَلَيْهِ الصَّوْمُ فِي أَثْنَاءِ
Chapter: Obligation of Intention for Fasting at Night and the Ruling for One Who Becomes Obligated During the Day
Hadith 3703
عَنْ حَفْصَةَ (زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَرَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا) عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: ((مَنْ لَمْ يُجْمِعِ الصِّيَامَ مَعَ الْفَجْرِ فَلَا صِيَامَ لَهُ))
It is narrated from the wife of the Messenger, Sayyida Hafsa (may Allah be pleased with her), that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever does not make the intention to fast before Fajr, there is no fast for him.
Hadith 3704
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ بِنْتِ طَلْحَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أُمِّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَأْتِيهَا وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ، فَيَقُولُ: ((أَصْبَحَ عِنْدَكُمْ شَيْءٌ تُطْعِمُونِيهِ؟))، فَتَقُولُ: لَا، مَا أَصْبَحَ عِنْدَنَا شَيْءٌ كَذَاكَ، فَيَقُولُ: ((إِنِّي صَائِمٌ))، ثُمَّ جَاءَهَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ (وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: ثُمَّ جَاءَ يَوْمًا آخَرَ) فَقَالَتْ: أُهْدِيَتْ لَنَا هَدِيَّةٌ فَخَبَّأْنَاهَا لَكَ، قَالَ: ((مَا هِيَ؟))، قَالَتْ: حَيْسٌ، قَالَ: ((قَدْ أَصْبَحْتُ صَائِمًا))، فَأَكَلَ
It is narrated from Umm al-Mu'minin Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), she says: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would come to me while fasting and ask: "Is there anything with you that you can give me to eat?" I would say: "No, we have nothing." Upon hearing this, he (peace and blessings be upon him) would say: "Then I am fasting." Then one day he (peace and blessings be upon him) came to me and I said: "We were given a gift, and we have saved it for you." He (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "What is it?" I said: "Hays" (i.e., a sweet dish made of dates, ghee, and cheese). He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Today I was fasting." Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) ate it.
Hadith 3705
عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ ذَكْوَانَ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الرُّبَيِّعَ بِنْتَ مُعَوِّذِ بْنِ عَفْرَاءَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا عَنْ صَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ فَقَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ: ((مَنْ أَصْبَحَ مِنْكُمْ صَائِمًا؟))، قَالَ: قَالُوا: مِنَّا الصَّائِمُ وَمِنَّا الْمُفْطِرُ، قَالَ: ((فَأَتِمُّوا بَقِيَّةَ يَوْمِكُمْ وَأَرْسِلُوا إِلَى مَنْ حَوْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ فَلْيُتِمُّوا بَقِيَّةَ يَوْمِهِمْ))
Khalid bin Dhikwan says: I asked Sayyida Rubayyi' bint Mu'awwidh (may Allah be pleased with her) about the fast of the day of Ashura. She said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) asked on the day of Ashura: "Which of you is fasting today?" The companions replied: "Some of us are fasting and some are not." He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Complete the fast for the rest of the day, and announce in the surroundings of Madinah as well that they too should fast for the remainder of the day."
Hadith 3706
(وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) قَالَ: حَدَّثَتْنِي رُبَيِّعُ بِنْتُ مُعَوِّذٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي قُرَى الْأَنْصَارِ قَالَ: ((مَنْ كَانَ مِنْكُمْ صَائِمًا فَلْيُتِمَّ صَوْمَهُ وَمَنْ كَانَ أَكَلَ فَلْيَصُمْ بَقِيَّةَ عَشِيَّةِ يَوْمِهِ))
(Second chain) It is narrated from Sayyida Rabi’ bint Mu’awwidh that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, sent a man to announce in the settlements of the Ansar: Whoever is fasting should complete his fast, and whoever has eaten or drunk should also fast for the remaining part of the day, that is, the rest of the day.
Hadith 3707
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَحْوَهُ
Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, also narrated a hadith from the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, similar to the previous hadith.
Hadith 3708
عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَبِي الْمِنْهَالِ بْنِ مَسْلَمَةَ الْخُزَاعِيِّ عَنْ عَمِّهِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لِأَسْلَمَ: ((صُومُوا الْيَوْمَ))، قَالُوا: إِنَّا قَدْ أَكَلْنَا، قَالَ: ((صُومُوا بَقِيَّةَ يَوْمِكُمْ))، يَعْنِي يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ
Abu Minhal Abdur Rahman narrates from his uncle that the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to the people of the tribe of Banu Aslam on the day of Ashura: Fast today. They said: We have already eaten and drunk. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Observe the fast for the remainder of the day.
