الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الصيامBook of Fasting
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي فَضْلِ الصِّيَامِ مُطْلَقًا
Chapter: What Has Been Reported Regarding the Virtue of Fasting in General
Hadith 3640
((وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) بِنَحْوِهِ وَفِيهِ:) ((يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: كُلُّ عَمَلِ ابْنِ آدَمَ لَهُ إِلَّا الصَّيَامَ فَهُوَ لِي وَأَنَا أَجْزِي بِهِ، إِنَّمَا يَتْرُكُ طَعَامَهُ وَشَرَابَهُ مِنْ أَجْلِي، فَصِيَامُهُ لِي وَأَنَا أَجْزِي بِهِ، كُلُّ حَسَنَةٍ بِعَشْرِ أَمْثَالِهَا إِلَى سَبْعِمِائَةِ ضِعْفٍ إِلَّا الصِّيَامَ فَهُوَ لِي وَأَنَا أَجْزِي بِهِ))
(Second chain) Allah Almighty said: Every deed of the son of Adam is for him, except for fasting; it is for Me, and I alone will reward it, because he leaves food and drink for My sake. Therefore, his fast is for Me, and I alone will reward it. The reward for every good deed is from ten times up to seven hundred times, but fasting is such an act of worship that it is for Me, and I alone will reward it.
Hadith 3641
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ جَعَلَ حَسَنَةَ ابْنِ آدَمَ بِعَشْرِ أَمْثَالِهَا إِلَى سَبْعِمِائَةِ ضِعْفٍ إِلَّا الصَّوْمَ، وَالصَّوْمُ لِي وَأَنَا أَجْزِي بِهِ، وَلِلصَّائِمِ فَرْحَتَانِ، فَرْحَةٌ عِنْدَ إِفْطَارِهِ وَفَرْحَةٌ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، وَلَخُلُوفُ فَمِ الصَّائِمِ أَطْيَبُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ مِنْ رِيحِ الْمِسْكِ))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Allah Almighty has fixed the reward for every good deed of the son of Adam from ten to seven hundred times, except for fasting, for fasting is only for Me and I alone will give its reward. There are two joys for the fasting person: one joy at the time of breaking the fast, and the other on the Day of Resurrection. The smell from the mouth of the fasting person is purer to Allah Almighty than musk.
Hadith 3642
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَأَبِي سَعِيدٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِثْلُهُ، وَفِيهِ: ((إِنَّ لِلصَّائِمِ فَرْحَتَيْنِ، إِذَا أَفْطَرَ فَرِحَ، وَإِذَا لَقِيَ اللَّهَ فَجَزَاهُ فَرِحَ))
Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) and Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated a similar hadith from the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), except that it also contains these words: For the fasting person there are two joys; when he breaks his fast, he is happy, and when he meets Allah Almighty and He rewards him for it, he will be happy.
Hadith 3643
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ لَخُلُوفُ فَمِ الصَّائِمِ أَطْيَبُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ مِنْ رِيحِ الْمِسْكِ))
It is narrated from Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: By Him in Whose hand is the soul of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him)! The smell from the mouth of a fasting person is purer and better with Allah than the fragrance of musk.
Hadith 3644
عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي هِنْدٍ أَنَّ مُطَرِّفًا رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي عَامِرِ بْنِ صَعْصَعَةَ حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ أَبِي الْعَاصِ الثَّقَفِيَّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ دَعَا لَهُ بِلَبَنٍ لِيَسْقِيَهُ، قَالَ مُطَرِّفٌ: إِنِّي صَائِمٌ، فَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَى آلِهِ وَصَحْبِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: ((الصِّيَامُ جُنَّةٌ مِنَ النَّارِ كَجُنَّةِ أَحَدِكُمْ مِنَ الْقِتَالِ))
Saeed bin Abi Hind says: Mutarrif, a man from Banu Aamir, narrated that Sayyiduna Uthman bin Abi Al-Aas Thaqafi asked him to bring milk to drink, but Mutarrif said that he was fasting. So he (Uthman) said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say that fasting is a shield to protect from Hell, just as a man uses a shield in battle.
Hadith 3645
عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَى آلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: ((قَالَ رَبُّنَا عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: الصِّيَامُ جُنَّةٌ يَسْتَجِنُّ بِهَا الْعَبْدُ مِنَ النَّارِ وَهُوَ لِي وَأَنَا أَجْزِي بِهِ))
Narrated by Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both), the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Our Lord has said: Fasting is a shield by which a servant protects himself from Hell, and it is only for Me, and I alone will reward it.
Hadith 3646
وَعَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: ((إِنَّ لِلْجَنَّةِ بَابًا يُقَالُ لَهُ الرَّيَّانُ، قَالَ: يُقَالُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ: أَيْنَ الصَّائِمُونَ، هَلُمُّوا إِلَى الرَّيَّانِ، فَإِذَا دَخَلَ آخِرُهُمْ، أُغْلِقَ ذَلِكَ الْبَابُ))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Sahl bin Sa’d (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: One of the gates of Paradise is called Rayyan. On the Day of Resurrection, it will be announced: Where are those who fasted? Come towards the gate of Rayyan. When the last of them has passed through, this gate will be closed.
Hadith 3647
((وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) بِنَحْوِهِ وَفِيهِ:) فَإِذَا دَخَلُوهُ أُغْلِقَ فَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ مِنْهُ غَيْرُهُمْ
(In another chain) It is stated: When the fasting people enter through this door, it will be closed, and no one else besides them will be able to enter through it.
Hadith 3648
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((لِكُلِّ أَهْلِ عَمَلٍ بَابٌ مِنْ أَبْوَابِ الْجَنَّةِ يُدْعَوْنَ بِذَلِكَ الْعَمَلِ، وَلِأَهْلِ الصِّيَامِ بَابٌ يُدْعَوْنَ مِنْهُ يُقَالُ لَهُ الرَّيَّانُ))، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! هَلْ أَحَدٌ يُدْعَى مِنْ تِلْكَ الْأَبْوَابِ كُلِّهَا؟ قَالَ: ((نَعَمْ، وَأَنَا أَرْجُو أَنْ تَكُونَ مِنْهُمْ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: For every group of people who perform a particular deed, there will be a specific door in Paradise through which they will be called to enter. For those who fast, there will be a special door named Rayyan, through which they will be called. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, said: O Messenger of Allah! Will there be anyone who will be invited to enter through all the doors of Paradise? The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Yes, and O Abu Bakr! I hope that you will be among those people.
Hadith 3649
عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((لَا يَصُومُ عَبْدٌ يَوْمًا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا بَاعَدَ اللَّهُ بِذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ النَّارَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ سَبْعِينَ خَرِيفًا))
Narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him), the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever fasts for one day in the way of Allah, Allah Almighty will, because of that one day's fast, distance him from Hell by a distance of seventy years.
Hadith 3650
عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقُلْتُ: مُرْنِي بِعَمَلٍ يُدْخِلُنِيَ الْجَنَّةَ، قَالَ: ((عَلَيْكَ بِالصَّوْمِ فَإِنَّهُ لَا عِدْلَ لَهُ))، ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُهُ الثَّانِيَةَ، فَقَالَ: ((عَلَيْكَ بِالصِّيَامِ))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I presented myself before the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: O Messenger of Allah, command me to do an action that will admit me to Paradise. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Observe fasting, for there is no other deed like it. When I came to him again and made the same request, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Observe fasting.
Hadith 3651
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: ((الصِّيَامُ وَالْقُرْآنُ يَشْفَعَانِ لِلْعَبْدِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، يَقُولُ الصِّيَامُ: أَيْ رَبِّ مَنَعْتُهُ الطَّعَامَ وَالشَّهَوَاتِ بِالنَّهَارِ فَشَفِّعْنِي فِيهِ، وَيَقُولُ الْقُرْآنُ: مَنَعْتُهُ النَّوْمَ بِاللَّيْلِ فَشَفِّعْنِي فِيهِ، قَالَ: فَيُشَفَّعَانِ))
Narrated by Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Fasting and the Qur'an will intercede for the servant on the Day of Resurrection. Fasting will say: O my Lord! I kept this servant away from food, drink, and desires during the day, so accept my intercession for him. And the Qur'an will say: I kept him away from sleep at night, so accept my intercession for him. As a result, both intercessions will be accepted.
Hadith 3652
عَنْ أُمِّ عُمَارَةَ بِنْتِ كَعْبٍ الْأَنْصَارِيَّةِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا فَدَعَتْ لَهُ بِطَعَامٍ فَقَالَ لَهَا: ((كُلِي))، فَقَالَتْ: إِنِّي صَائِمَةٌ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((إِنَّ الصَّائِمَ إِذَا أُكِلَ عِنْدَهُ صَلَّتْ عَلَيْهِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ حَتَّى يَفْرَغُوا، رُبَّمَا قَالَ: حَتَّى يَقْضُوا أَكْلَهُمْ))
Narrated from Sayyida Umm ‘Ammarah bint Ka‘b Ansariyyah (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to her house and she brought food for him. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to her: “You also eat.” But she replied: “I am fasting.” Upon hearing this, the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “When food is eaten in the presence of a fasting person, then as long as those eating have not finished, the angels continue to pray for mercy for the fasting person.”
Hadith 3653
عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ مَوْلَاتِهِ لَيْلَى عَنْ عَمَّتِهَا أُمِّ عُمَارَةَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا، قَالَ: وَثَابَ إِلَيْهَا رِجَالٌ مِنْ قَوْمِهَا، قَالَ: فَقَدَّمَتْ إِلَيْهِمْ تَمْرًا فَأَكَلُوا فَتَنَحَّى رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((مَا شَأْنُهُ؟))، فَقَالَ: إِنِّي صَائِمٌ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَى آلِهِ وَصَحْبِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((أَمَا إِنَّهُ مَا مِنْ صَائِمٍ يُؤْكَلُ عِنْدَهُ فَوَاطِرُ إِلَّا صَلَّتْ عَلَيْهِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ حَتَّى يَقُومُوا))
It is narrated from Sayyida Umm ‘Ammarah (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) came to her house, and many people from her tribe gathered at her place. She presented dates to serve him. When he began to eat, one man moved aside. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) asked: What happened to him? He replied: I am fasting. Upon hearing this, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: When a fasting person is with people who are eating, the angels continue to pray for mercy upon him until they finish eating.
Hadith 3654
عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ الْجُمَحِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((الصَّوْمُ فِي الشِّتَاءِ الْغَنِيمَةُ الْبَارِدَةُ))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna ‘Amir bin Mas‘ud Jumahi (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The fasts of winter are a booty obtained without hardship.
