الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الزكاةBook of Zakat
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي تَرْكِ التَّكَسُّبِ اتِّكَالًا عَلَى السُّؤَالِ وَوَعِيدِ فَاعِدٍ
Chapter: What Has Been Reported Regarding Abandoning Earning a Living and Relying on Begging, and the Warning for the Doer
Hadith 3523
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ! لَأَنْ يَأْخُذَ أَحَدُكُمْ حَبْلَهُ فَيَذْهَبَ إِلَى الْجَبَلِ فَيَحْتَطِبَ، ثُمَّ يَأْتِي بِهِ يَحْمِلُهُ عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ فَيَبِيعَهُ فَيَأْكُلَ خَيْرٌ لَهُ، مِنْ أَنْ يَسْأَلَ النَّاسَ، وَلَأَنْ يَأْخُذَ تُرَابًا فَيَجْعَلَهُ فِي فِيهِ خَيْرٌ لَهُ مِنْ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ فِي فِيهِ مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: By Him in Whose hand is my soul! If any one of you were to take a rope, go to the mountain, cut wood, carry it on his back, bring it and sell it, and eat from it, this is better for him than begging from people, and it is better for a servant to put dust in his mouth than to put anything forbidden by Allah into his mouth.
Hadith 3524
(وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((وَاللَّهِ! لَأَنْ يَأْخُذَ أَحَدُكُمْ حَبْلًا فَيَحْتَطِبَ فَيَحْمِلَهُ عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ فَيَأْكُلَ أَوْ يَتَصَدَّقَ خَيْرٌ لَهُ مِنْ أَنْ يَأْتِي رَجُلًا أَغْنَاهُ اللَّهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ فَيَسْأَلَهُ أَعْطَاهُ أَوْ مَنَعَهُ، ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّ الْيَدَ الْعُلْيَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْيَدِ السُّفْلَى))
(Second chain) The Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: By Allah! If any one of you were to take a rope, go out, gather firewood, carry it on his back, and thus earn his food or give charity from its price, this is better for him than going to someone whom Allah has made wealthy and asking him, whether that person gives him something or not. This is because the upper hand is better than the lower hand.
Hadith 3525
(وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَالِثٍ) أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: ((لَا يَفْتَحُ الْإِنْسَانُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ بَابَ مَسْأَلَةٍ إِلَّا فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بَابَ فَقْرٍ، يَأْخُذُ الرَّجُلُ حَبْلَهُ فَيَعْمِدُ إِلَى الْجَبَلِ فَيَحْتَطِبُ عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ، فَيَأْكُلُ بِهِ خَيْرٌ لَهُ مِنْ أَنْ يَسْأَلَ النَّاسَ مُعْطًى أَوْ مَمْنُوعًا))
(The third chain) The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Whoever opens the door of begging and asking for himself, Allah Almighty opens the door of poverty and need for him. If a man takes a rope and goes towards the mountain, cuts firewood on his back and brings it, and eats from it (i.e., earns his living this way), then this is better for him than asking people, where sometimes he is given something and sometimes he is deprived.
Hadith 3526
عَنْ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَى آلِهِ وَصَحْبِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((لَا تَزَالُ الْمَسْأَلَةُ بِأَحَدِكُمْ، حَتَّى يَلْقَى اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى وَلَيْسَ فِي وَجْهِهِ مُزْعَةُ لَحْمٍ))
Narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever among you keeps begging constantly, he will meet Allah Almighty in such a state that there will not be a single piece of flesh on his face.
Hadith 3527
وَعَنْهُ أَيْضًا قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: ((الْمَسْأَلَةُ كُدُوحٌ فِي وَجْهِ صَاحِبِهَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، فَمَنْ شَاءَ فَلْيَسْتَبْقِ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ، وَأَهْوَنُ الْمَسْأَلَةِ مَسْأَلَةُ ذَوِي الرَّحِمِ، تَسْأَلُهُ فِي حَاجَةٍ، وَخَيْرُ الْمَسْأَلَةِ عَنْ ظَهْرٍ غَنًى، وَابْدَأْ بِمَنْ تَعُولُ))
It is also narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Begging will be a cause of scratches on the face of the beggar on the Day of Resurrection, so now whoever wishes, let him keep those scratches on his face. In this matter, the easiest request is to ask from relatives, but that too should be at the time of need. And the best charity is that which is given after fulfilling one's own needs, and when spending, begin with those under your care.
Hadith 3528
عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ الْفَزَارِي قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى الْحَجَّاجِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ فَقُلْتُ: أَصْلَحَ اللَّهُ الْأَمِيرَ، أَلَا أُحَدِّثُكَ حَدِيثًا حَدَّثَنِيهِ سَمْرَةُ بْنُ جُنْدُبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ؟ قَالَ: بَلَى، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((الْمَسَائِلُ كَدٌّ يَكُدُّ بِهَا الرَّجُلُ وَجْهَهُ، فَمَنْ شَاءَ أَبْقَى عَلَى وَجْهِهِ وَمَنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَسْأَلَ رَجُلًا ذَا سُلْطَانٍ، أَوْ يَسْأَلَ فِي أَمْرٍ لَا بُدَّ مِنْهُ))
Yazid bin Uqbah Fazari says: I went to Hajjaj bin Yusuf and said: May Allah rectify the affairs of the Amir, shall I narrate to you a hadith of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) which I heard from Sayyiduna Samurah bin Jundub (may Allah be pleased with him)? He said: Yes. Yazid said: I heard from Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him), he used to say that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Asking (begging) is a scratch, by which a servant wounds his own face. Now, whoever wishes, let him protect his face, and whoever wishes, let him leave it. Yes, a person should ask from the ruler or fulfill a need for which there is no other way.
Hadith 3529
عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ عُمَرُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! لَقَدْ سَمِعْتُ فُلَانًا وَفُلَانًا يُحْسِنَانِ الثَّنَاءَ، يَذْكُرَانِ أَنَّكَ أَعْطَيْتَهُمَا دِينَارَيْنِ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((لَكِنْ وَاللَّهِ! فُلَانًا مَا هُوَ كَذَلِكَ، لَقَدْ أَعْطَيْتُهُ مِنْ عَشَرَةٍ إِلَى مِائَةٍ، فَمَا يَقُولُ ذَاكَ، أَمَا وَاللَّهِ! إِنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ لَيُخْرِجُ مَسْأَلَتَهُ مِنْ عِنْدِي تَتَأَبَّطُهَا يَعْنِي تَكُونُ تَحْتَ إِبْطِهِ يَعْنِي نَارًا))، قَالَ: قَالَ عُمَرُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! لِمَ تُعْطِيهَا إِيَّاهُمْ؟ قَالَ: ((فَمَا أَصْنَعُ؟ يَا ابْنَ أُمَّ الْخَيْرِ إِلَّا ذَاكَ وَيَا ابْنِ أُمَّ الْخَيْرِ لَا يَبْخَلُ اللَّهُ لِي))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) that Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! I heard so-and-so and so-and-so mentioning you in a good way, saying that you (peace and blessings be upon him) had given them two dinars. Upon hearing this, the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: By Allah! That person is not like that; I have given him from ten to a hundred dinars, but he did not say anything (to show gratitude or speak good words). Beware! By Allah, one of you asks me for wealth and takes it away, tucking it under his arm, but in reality, he is carrying fire under his arm. Upon hearing this, Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Messenger of Allah! Then why do you give to such people? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) replied: What can I do? They do not stop asking, and Allah does not allow me to be miserly.
Hadith 3530
عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ (بْنِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا) سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: ((لَا تُلْحِفُوا فِي الْمَسْأَلَةِ فَوَاللَّهِ! لَا يَسْأَلُنِي أَحَدٌ شَيْئًا فَتَخْرُجَ لَهُ مَسْأَلَتُهُ، فَيُبَارَكَ لَهُ فِيهَا))
Sayyiduna Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) says that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Do not persist in asking; by Allah! Whoever asks me and then his request causes me to give him wealth, there will be no blessing in it for him.
Hadith 3531
وَعَنْهُ أَيْضًا قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: ((إِنَّمَا أَنَا خَازِنٌ وَإِنَّمَا يُعْطِي اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، فَمَنْ أَعْطَيْتُهُ عَطَاءً بِطِيبِ نَفْسٍ مِنَّا وَطِيبِ طَعْمَةٍ، فَإِنَّهُ يُبَارَكُ لَهُ فِيهَا، وَمَنْ أَعْطَيْتُهُ عَطَاءً بِشَرَهِ نَفْسٍ وَشَرَهِ مَسْأَلَةٍ فَهُوَ كَالَّذِي يَأْكُلُ فَلَا يَشْبَعُ))
It is also narrated from Sayyiduna Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I am only a treasurer (and distributor), the Giver is Allah Almighty. When I give something to a person willingly, it will be blessed for him, and when I give to someone due to his intense greed and persistent asking, he will be like the one who eats but is never satisfied.
Hadith 3532
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: ((وَاللَّهِ مَا أُوتِيتُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ وَلَا أُمْنَعُكُمُوهُ، إِنْ أَنَا إِلَّا خَازِنٌ أَصْنَعُ حَيْثُ أُمِرْتُ))
Narrated by Sayyiduna Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him), the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: By Allah! I can neither give you anything nor deprive you of anything. I am merely a treasurer (and distributor); I act according to the command I receive.
Hadith 3533
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((هَذِهِ الدُّنْيَا خَضِرَةٌ حُلْوَةٌ، فَمَنْ آتَيْنَاهُ مِنْهَا شَيْئًا بِطِيبِ نَفْسٍ مِنَّا وَطِيبِ طَعْمَةٍ، وَلَا إِشْرَافٍ، بُورِكَ لَهُ فِيهَا وَمَنْ آتَيْنَاهُ مِنْهَا شَيْئًا بِغَيْرِ طِيبِ نَفْسٍ مِنَّا وَغَيْرِ طِيبِ طَعْمَةٍ وَإِشْرَافٍ مِنْهُ لَمْ يُبَارَكْ لَهُ فِيهَا))
It is narrated from Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: This world is lush and sweet. If we give someone more than his share with a cheerful heart and without his greed, then there is blessing in it for him. But if we give someone something reluctantly and because of his greed, then there is no blessing in it for him.
