الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الزكاةBook of Zakat
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي الْيَدِ الْعُلْيَا وَالْيَدِ السُّفْلَى
Chapter: What Has Been Reported Regarding the Upper Hand and the Lower Hand
Hadith 3515
عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَى آلِهِ وَصَحْبِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَعْطَانِي ثُمَّ سَأَلْتُهُ فَأَعْطَانِي ثُمَّ سَأَلْتُهُ فَأَعْطَانِي، ثُمَّ قَالَ: ((إِنَّ هَذَا الْمَالَ خَضِرَةٌ حُلْوَةٌ، فَمَنْ أَخَذَهُ بِحَقِّهِ بُورِكَ لَهُ فِيهِ، وَمَنْ أَخَذَهُ بِإِشْرَافِ نَفْسٍ، لَمْ يُبَارَكْ لَهُ فِيهِ، وَكَانَ كَالَّذِي يَأْكُلُ وَلَا يَشْبَعْ، وَالْيَدُ الْعُلْيَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْيَدِ السُّفْلَى))
Sayyiduna Hakim bin Hizam (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he gave me. I asked again, and he fulfilled my request. I made a demand a third time, and still he gave me. But he also said: This wealth is attractive and delightful; whoever takes it with its due right, it will be blessed for him, and whoever takes it out of greed, there will be no blessing in it for him, and he will be like the one who eats but is never satisfied. In any case, the upper hand is better than the lower hand.
Hadith 3516
(وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنَ الْمَالِ فَأَلْحَفْتُ، فَقَالَ: ((يَا حَكِيمُ! مَا أَكْثَرَ مَسْأَلَتَكَ! يَا حَكِيمُ! إِنَّ هَذَا الْمَالَ خَضِرَةٌ حُلْوَةٌ وَإِنَّهُ مَعَ ذَلِكَ أَوْسَاخُ أَيْدِي النَّاسِ، وَيَدُ اللَّهِ فَوْقَ يَدِ الْمُعْطِي، وَيَدُ الْمُعْطِي فَوْقَ يَدِ الْمُعْطَى وَأَسْفَلُ الْأَيْدِي يَدُ الْمُعْطَى))
(Second chain) Sayyiduna Hakim bin Hizam (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and insisted a lot. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: O Hakim! How much you ask! O Hakim! This wealth is attractive and desirable, and along with it, it is also the filth of people's hands. The hand of Allah Almighty is above the hand of the giver, and the hand of the giver is above the hand of the receiver, and the hand of the receiver is the lowest of all.
Hadith 3517
عَنْ هِشَامٍ عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: ((الْيَدُ الْعُلْيَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْيَدِ السُّفْلَى، وَلْيَبْدَأْ أَحَدُكُمْ بِمَنْ يَعُولُ، وَخَيْرُ الصَّدَقَةِ مَا كَانَ عَنْ ظَهْرِ غِنًى، وَمَنْ يَسْتَغْنِ يُغْنِهِ اللَّهُ، وَمَنْ يَسْتَعِفَّ يُعِفَّهُ اللَّهُ))، فَقُلْتُ: وَمِنْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ!? قَالَ: ((وَمِنِّي))، قَالَ حَكِيمٌ: لَا تَكُونُ يَدِي تَحْتَ يَدِ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ أَبَدًا
Narrated from Sayyiduna Hakim bin Hizam (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The upper hand is better than the lower hand, and each of you should begin spending on those under his care. The best charity is that which is given after fulfilling one’s own needs, and whoever seeks to be independent of people, Allah will make him independent, and whoever wants to avoid asking, Allah will protect him. I said: O Messenger of Allah! Is this ruling of asking also applicable to you? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Yes, it is the same for me. Upon hearing this, Sayyiduna Hakim (may Allah be pleased with him) said: My hand will never be beneath the hand of any Arab.
Hadith 3518
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((الْأَيْدِي ثَلَاثَةٌ، فَيَدُ اللَّهِ الْعُلْيَا، وَيَدُ الْمُعْطِي الَّتِي تَلِيهَا، وَيَدُ السَّائِلِ السُّفْلَى))
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "There are three types of hands: the hand of Allah is the highest of all, below it is the hand of the giver, and the hand of the beggar is the lowest of all."
Hadith 3519
وَعَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ نَضْلَةَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِثْلَهُ وَزَادَ: ((فَأَعْطِ الْفَضْلَ وَلَا تَعْجَزْ عَنْ نَفْسِكَ))
Sayyiduna Malik bin Nadlah (may Allah be pleased with him) also narrated a similar hadith from the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), except that it contains these additional words: Give the surplus as charity and do not become helpless regarding your own self.
Hadith 3520
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((الْيَدُ الْعُلْيَا خَيْرٌ مِنْ الْيَدِ السُّفْلَى، الْيَدُ الْعُلْيَا الْمُنْفِقَةُ، وَالْيَدُ السُّفْلَى السَّائِلَةُ))
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The upper hand is better than the lower hand, and the upper hand is the one that gives, while the lower hand is the one that asks.
Hadith 3521
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((لَا صَدَقَةَ إِلَّا عَنْ غِنًى، وَالْيَدُ الْعُلْيَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْيَدِ السُّفْلَى، وَابْدَأْ بِمَنْ تَعُولُ))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Charity should be given after fulfilling one's personal needs; the upper hand is better and superior to the lower hand, and you should begin with those under your care.
Hadith 3522
عَنْ أَبِي رِمْثَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: ((يَدُ الْمُعْطِي الْعُلْيَا، أُمَّكَ وَأَبَاكَ وَأُخْتَكَ ثُمَّ أَدْنَاكَ))، فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! هَؤُلَاءِ بَنُو يَرْبُوعٍ قَتَلَةُ فُلَانٍ، قَالَ: ((أَلَا لَا تَجْنِي نَفْسٌ عَلَى أُخْرَى))، وَقَالَ أَبِي: قَالَ أَبُو النَّضْرِ فِي حَدِيثِهِ: دَخَلْتُ الْمَسْجِدَ فَإِذَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَخْطُبُ وَيَقُولُ: ((يَدُ الْمُعْطِي الْعُلْيَا))
Narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Rumthah (may Allah be pleased with him), the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The hand of the giver is upper. Spend first on your mother, then your father, then your sister, then as the relatives become closer. A man said: O Messenger of Allah! These are the Banu Yarbu', they are the killers of such and such person. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: No soul will commit a crime for another. Abu Nazr said in his narration: I entered the mosque while the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was delivering a sermon, in which he also said: The hand of the giver is upper.
