الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
أبواب صلاة الجنازةChapters on Funeral Prayer
بَابُ الْمَشْيِ أَمَامَ الْجَنَازَةِ وَخَلْفَهَا - وَمَا جَاءَ فِي الرُّكُوبِ مَعَهَا
Chapter on walking in front of or behind the funeral, and what is reported regarding riding with it
Hadith 3202
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي ثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَاصِمٍ ثَنَا الْهَجَرِيُّ قَالَ: خَرَجْتُ فِي جَنَازَةِ بِنْتِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي أَوْفَى رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَهُوَ عَلَى بَغْلَةٍ لَهُ حَوَّاءَ يَعْنِي سَوْدَاءَ، قَالَ: فَجَعَلَ النِّسَاءُ يَقُلْنَ لِقَائِدِهَا: قَدِّمْهُ أَمَامَ الْجَنَازَةِ فَفَعَلَ، قَالَ: فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ لَهُ: أَيْنَ الْجَنَازَةُ؟ قَالَ: قَالَ: خَلْفَكَ، قَالَ: قَالَ: فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ مَرَّةً أَوْ مَرَّتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَلَمْ أَنْهَكَ أَنْ تُقَدِّمَنِي أَمَامَ الْجَنَازَةِ، قَالَ: سَمِعَ امْرَأَةً تَلْتَدِمُ وَقَالَ مَرَّةً تَرْثِي (وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ فَجَعَلَ النِّسَاءُ يَبْكِينَ) فَقَالَ: مَهْ، أَلَمْ أَنْهَكُنَّ عَنْ هَذَا؟ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَنْهَى عَنِ الْمَرَاثِي لِتُفِضْ إِحْدَاكُنَّ مِنْ عَبْرَتِهَا مَا شَاءَتْ، فَلَمَّا وَضِعَتِ الْجَنَازَةُ تَقَدَّمَ فَكَبَّرَ عَلَيْهَا أَرْبَعَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ، ثُمَّ قَامَ هُنَيَّةً فَسَبَّحَ بِهِ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ فَانْفَتَلَ فَقَالَ: أَكُنْتُمْ تَرَوْنَ أَنِّي أُكَبِّرُ الْخَامِسَةَ؟ قَالُوا: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كَانَ إِذَا كَبَّرَ الرَّابِعَةَ قَامَ هُنَيَّةً، فَلَمَّا وَضِعَتِ الْجَنَازَةُ جَلَسَ وَجَلَسْنَا فَسُئِلَ عَنْ لَحْمِ الْحُمُرِ الْأَهْلِيَّةِ فَقَالَ: تَلَقَّانَا يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ حُمُرٌ أَهْلِيَّةٌ خَارِجًا مِنَ الْقَرْيَةِ فَوَقَعَ النَّاسُ فِيهَا فَذَبَحُوهَا، فَإِنَّ الْقُدُورَ لَتَغْلِي بِبَعْضِهَا إِذْ نَادَى مُنَادِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: أَهْرِيقُوهَا، قَالَ فَأَهْرَقْنَاهَا، وَرَأَيْتُ عَلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي أَوْفَى مِطْرَفًا مِنْ خَزٍّ
Abu Ishaq Ibrahim bin Muslim Hijri says: I participated in the funeral of the daughter of Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abi Awfa (may Allah be pleased with him). He himself was riding his black mule. The women said to his coachman: Take him ahead of the funeral, so he did so. Meanwhile, Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abi Awfa (may Allah be pleased with him) inquired: Where is the funeral? The coachman replied that it was behind. He asked this question once or twice and then said: Did I not forbid you from taking me ahead of the funeral? At that moment, he heard a woman beating her face; in one narration, it is mentioned she was reciting elegies, and in another, that she was weeping. In any case, he said: Be quiet, did I not forbid you from this act? Indeed, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) has prohibited elegies; however, you may shed as many tears as you wish. Then, when the funeral was placed down, he moved forward and said four takbirs. After that, he stood silently for a while. Some people prompted by saying "Subhan Allah." After finishing the prayer, he said: Did you think I would say a fifth takbir? The people said: Yes. He said: Indeed, when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would say the fourth takbir, he would also pause for a little while in this manner. Then, when the funeral was placed down, he sat, and we also sat around him. At that time, he was asked about domesticated donkeys. He said: On the occasion of Khaybar, we found some donkeys outside the settlement and slaughtered them. The meat had just begun to boil in the pots when a proclaimer from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) announced: Pour them out. So we poured them out. On that day, I saw a woolen cloak on Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abi Awfa (may Allah be pleased with him) which had silk embroidery on its edges.
Hadith 3203
عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَرَجَ مَعَ جَنَازَةِ ثَابِتِ بْنِ الدَّحْدَاحَةِ عَلَى فَرَسٍ أَغَرَّ مُحَجَّلٍ، تَحْتَهُ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ سَرْجٌ، مَعَهُ النَّاسُ وَهُمْ حَوْلَهُ، قَالَ: فَنَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ جَلَسَ حَتَّى فَرَغَ مِنْهُ، ثُمَّ قَامَ فَقَعَدَ عَلَى فَرَسِهِ، ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ يَسِيرُ حَوْلَهُ الرِّجَالُ
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Samurah (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that he attended the funeral of Sayyiduna Thabit bin Dahdahah (may Allah be pleased with him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was riding a horse whose face and all four legs were white. There was no saddle or anything else beneath the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). People were walking around the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) dismounted and led the funeral prayer, and remained seated until the burial was completed. After that, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stood up, mounted the horse, and began to move on, while people were walking around him.
Hadith 3204
(وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) قَالَ: كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فِي جَنَازَةِ أَبِي الدَّحْدَاحِ وَهُوَ عَلَى فَرَسٍ يَتَوَقَّصُ، وَنَحْنُ نَسْعَى حَوْلَهُ
(Second chain) Sayyiduna Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him) says: We were with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) participating in the funeral of Sayyiduna Abu Darda (may Allah be pleased with him), while the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was riding a horse that was prancing, and we were running around him.
Hadith 3205
عَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((الرَّاكِبُ خَلْفَ الْجَنَازَةِ وَالْمَاشِي حَيْثُ شَاءَ مِنْهَا، وَالطِّفْلُ يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ))
Sayyiduna Mughirah bin Shu’bah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The rider should follow behind the funeral, and the one on foot may walk wherever he wishes, and the funeral prayer will be offered for a child.
Hadith 3206
(وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: ((الرَّاكِبُ خَلْفَ الْجَنَازَةِ وَالْمَاشِي أَمَامَهَا قَرِيبًا عَنْ يَمِينِهَا أَوْ عَنْ يَسَارِهَا، وَالسِّقْطُ يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَيُدْعَى لِوَالِدَيْهِ بِالْمَغْفِرَةِ وَالرَّحْمَةِ))
(Second chain) The Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: The rider should follow behind the funeral, and the one on foot may walk in front of it, or to its right or left, close by. The funeral prayer should be offered for a stillborn child, and forgiveness and mercy should be supplicated for its parents.
Hadith 3207
عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا كَانَ يَمْشِي بَيْنَ يَدَي الْجَنَازَةِ، وَأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَمْشِي بَيْنَ يَدَيْهَا وَأَبَا بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ وَعُثْمَانَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ
Salim bin Abdullah bin Umar says: Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) used to walk in front of the funeral procession, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), Sayyiduna Abu Bakr, Sayyiduna Umar, and Sayyiduna Uthman also used to walk in front of the funeral procession.
Hadith 3208
(وَمِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّهُ رَأَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَبَا بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا يَمْشُونَ أَمَامَ الْجَنَازَةِ
(Second chain) It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that he saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), Sayyiduna Abu Bakr, and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) walking in front of the funeral procession.
Hadith 3209
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ أَنَّ عَمْرَو بْنَ حُرَيْثٍ عَادَ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ: أَتَعُودُ الْحَسَنَ وَفِي نَفْسِكَ مَا فِيهَا؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَمْرٌو: إِنَّكَ لَسْتَ بِرَبِّي فَتَصْرِفَ قَلْبِي حَيْثُ شِئْتَ، قَالَ عَلِيٌّ: أَمَا إِنَّ ذَلِكَ لَا يَمْنَعُنَا أَنْ نُؤَدِّيَ إِلَيْكَ النَّصِيحَةَ، سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: ((مَا مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ عَادَ أَخَاهُ إِلَّا ابْتَعَثَ اللَّهُ لَهُ سَبْعِينَ أَلْفَ مَلَكٍ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْهِ، مِنْ أَيِّ سَاعَاتِ النَّهَارِ كَانَ حَتَّى يُمْسِيَ، وَمِنْ أَيِّ سَاعَاتِ اللَّيْلِ كَانَ حَتَّى يُصْبِحَ))، قَالَ لَهُ عَمْرٌو: كَيْفَ تَقُولُ فِي الْمَشْيِ مَعَ الْجَنَازَةِ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهَا أَوْ خَلْفَهَا؟ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ: إِنَّ فَضْلَ الْمَشْيِ مِنْ خَلْفِهَا عَلَى بَيْنَ يَدَيْهَا كَفَضْلِ صَلَاةِ الْمَكْتُوبَةِ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ عَلَى الْوَحْدَةِ، قَالَ عَمْرٌو: فَإِنِّي رَأَيْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ يَمْشِيَانِ أَمَامَ الْجَنَازَةِ، قَالَ عَلِيٌّ: إِنَّهُمَا إِنَّمَا رَأَيَا أَنْ يُحْرِجَا النَّاسَ
Abdullah bin Yasar says: Sayyiduna Amr bin Harith (may Allah be pleased with him) went to visit Sayyiduna Hasan bin Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) during his illness. Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him: You have come to visit Hasan, while you harbor feelings against him in your heart. Upon hearing this, Sayyiduna Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: You are not my Lord that you can turn my heart wherever you wish. Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Nevertheless, this does not prevent you from saying something of advice. I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: Whenever a Muslim goes to visit his sick brother, Allah sends seventy thousand angels to pray for mercy for him; if this act is done during the day, these angels pray for him until evening, and if at night, then until morning. Then Sayyiduna Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: What do you say about walking in front of or behind the funeral procession? Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The one who walks behind the funeral has superiority over the one who walks in front, just as the one who prays in congregation has superiority over the one who prays alone. Upon hearing this, Sayyiduna Amr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I have seen Sayyiduna Abu Bakr and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) walking in front of the funeral. Sayyiduna Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Since they did not consider it good to put people in hardship by sticking to only one way, (that is why they did so).
Hadith 3210
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ (بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) قَالَ: سَأَلْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الْمَسِيرِ بِالْجَنَازَةِ فَقَالَ: ((مَطْبُوعَةٌ وَلَيْسَتْ بِتَابِعَةٍ))
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) says: We asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) about walking with the funeral procession, so he (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: Remain behind the funeral, do not let it be behind you.
Hadith 3211
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((لَا يَتْبَعُ الْجَنَازَةَ صَوْتٌ وَلَا نَارٌ وَلَا يُمْشَى بَيْنَ يَدَيْهَا))
Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Neither should voices and fire be followed behind the funeral, nor should one walk ahead of it.
