الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الجنائزBook of Funerals
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي الْمُحْتَضَرِ وَتَلْقِينِهِ كَلِمَةَ التَّوْحِيدِ وَحُضُورِ الصَّالِحِينَ عِنْدَهُ وَعَرَقِ جَبِينِهِ
Chapter on what is reported regarding the dying person, prompting him with the word of Tawheed, the presence of the righteous at his side, and sweat on his forehead
Hadith 3002
عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((لَقِّنُوا مَوْتَاكُمْ قَوْلَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Instruct your dying ones to say Lā ilāha illallāh.
Hadith 3003
عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ يَقُولُ لِطَلْحَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: مَا لِي أَرَاكَ شَعِثًا وَأَغْبَرَّتَ مُنْذُ تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ، لَعَلَّكَ سَاءَكَ يَا طَلْحَةُ! إِمَّارَةُ ابْنِ عَمِّكَ؟ قَالَ: مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ، إِنِّي لَأَجْدَرُكُمْ أَنْ لَا أَفْعَلَ ذَلِكَ، إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: ((إِنِّي لَأَعْلَمُ كَلِمَةً لَا يَقُولُهَا أَحَدٌ عِنْدَ حَضْرَةِ الْمَوْتِ إِلَّا وَجَدَ رُوحُهُ لَهَا رَوْحًا، حِينَ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ جَسَدِهِ، وَكَانَتْ لَهُ نُورًا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ))، فَلَمْ أَسْأَلْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَلَمْ يُخْبِرْنِي بِهَا، فَذَاكَ الَّذِي دَخَلَنِي، قَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: فَأَنَا أُعْلِمُهَا، قَالَ: فَلِلَّهِ الْحَمْدُ فَمَا هِيَ؟ قَالَ: هِيَ الْكَلِمَةُ الَّتِي قَالَهَا لِعَمِّهِ (لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ)، قَالَ طَلْحَةُ: صَدَقْتَ
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I heard that Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) was asking Sayyiduna Talhah bin Ubaidullah (may Allah be pleased with him): What is the matter that since the day the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away, you have remained disheveled and covered in dust? Is it that you disliked your cousin (Abu Bakr Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him) becoming the leader? Sayyiduna Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Allah's refuge! I am even more deserving than you not to do such a thing, (why would I dislike this matter). The fact is that I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) saying: I know a word, whoever recites it at the time of death, as soon as his soul leaves his body, he attains mercy and comfort, and that word will be a source of light for him on the Day of Resurrection. But alas, I could neither ask you (peace and blessings be upon him) about that word nor did you (peace and blessings be upon him) explain it to me. This has made me sorrowful. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I know that word. Upon hearing this, Sayyiduna Talhah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Praise be to Allah, what is that word? He (may Allah be pleased with him) said: It is the word which the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) presented to his uncle (Abu Talib), that is, LAA ILAAHA ILLALLAH (There is no god but Allah). He said: You have spoken the truth.
Hadith 3004
(وَمِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ بِنَحْوِهِ وَفِيهِ) قَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: أَنَا أُخْبِرُكَ بِهَا، هِيَ الْكَلِمَةُ الَّتِي أَرَادَ بِهَا عَمَّهُ شَهَادَةُ (أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ)، قَالَ: فَكَأَنَّمَا كُشِفَ عَنِّي غِطَاءٌ، قَالَ: صَدَقْتَ، لَوْ عَلِمَ كَلِمَةً هِيَ أَفْضَلُ مِنْهَا لَأَمَرَهُ بِهَا
(Second Chain) Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I will tell you that word; it is the same word that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) wanted his uncle to say, that is, to bear witness that there is no deity except Allah. Upon hearing this, Sayyiduna Talha (may Allah be pleased with him) said: It is as if the veil has been lifted from me. You are speaking the truth; if there had been any other word more virtuous than this in the sight of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he would have commanded its recitation.
Hadith 3005
(وَمِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَالِثٍ) عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ رَآهُ (يَعْنِي رَأَى طَلْحَةَ) كَئِيبًا، فَقَالَ: يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ! لَعَلَّكَ سَاءَكَ إِمْرَةُ ابْنِ عَمِّكَ يَعْنِي أَبَا بَكْرٍ؟ قَالَ: لَا، وَأَثْنَى عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، وَلَٰكِنِّي سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: ((إِنِّي لَأَعْلَمُ كَلِمَةً لَا يَقُولُهَا عَبْدٌ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ إِلَّا فَرَّجَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ كُرْبَتَهُ وَأَشْرَقَ لَوْنُهُ))، فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ
(Third Chain of Transmission) Sayyiduna Talhah bin Ubaidullah (may Allah be pleased with him) says: Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) saw me sad and asked: Abu Muhammad! What is the matter? Are you displeased with the leadership of your cousin Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him)? He said: No. Then he praised Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and said that the reason for my distress is that I heard the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say that I know a word, that if a person recites that word at the time of death, Allah Almighty removes his pain and his complexion becomes radiant, ... . Al-Hadith.
Hadith 3006
عَنْ كَثِيرِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ لَنَا مُعَاذٌ فِي مَرَضِهِ: قَدْ سَمِعْتُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَيْئًا كُنْتُ أَكْتُمُكُمُوهُ، سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: ((مَنْ كَانَ آخِرُ كَلَامِهِ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَجَبَتْ لَهُ الْجَنَّةُ))
Kathir bin Murrah says: Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) said to us during his illness of death: I heard a statement from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), which I have kept hidden from you until now. I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: Whoever's last words are "La ilaha illallah" (There is no god but Allah), Paradise will become obligatory for him.
Hadith 3007
عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَادَ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ (وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ مِنْ بَنِي النَّجَّارِ) فَقَالَ: ((يَا خَالُ! قُلْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ))، فَقَالَ: أَخَالٌ أَمْ عَمٌّ؟ فَقَالَ: ((لَا بَلْ خَالٌ))، قَالَ: فَخَيْرٌ لِي أَنْ أَقُولَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ؟ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَصَحْبِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((نَعَمْ))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, went to visit a man from the Ansar or Banu Najjar. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said to him: "Uncle! Say LĀ ILĀHA ILLALLĀH." He said: "Maternal uncle or paternal uncle?" The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, replied: "Not paternal uncle, but maternal uncle." He asked: "Is reciting LĀ ILĀHA ILLALLĀH better for me?" The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Yes."
Hadith 3008
وَعَنْهُ أَيْضًا أَنَّ غُلامًا يَهُودِيًّا كَانَ يَضَعُ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَضُوءَهُ وَيُنَاوِلُهُ نَعْلَيْهِ، فَمَرِضَ فَأَتَاهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ وَأَبُوهُ قَاعِدٌ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((يَا فُلَانُ! قُلْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ))، فَنَظَرَ إِلَى أَبِيهِ، فَسَكَتَ أَبُوهُ، فَأَعَادَ عَلَيْهِ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَى أَبِيهِ، فَقَالَ أَبُوهُ: أَطِعْ أَبَا قَاسِمٍ، فَقَالَ الْغُلَامُ: أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، فَخَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: ((الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَخْرَجَهُ بِي مِنَ النَّارِ))
It is also narrated from Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that a Jewish boy used to bring water for the ablution of the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and would bring his shoes. He fell ill, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) went to visit him while his father was sitting at his bedside. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to the boy: O so-and-so! Say LĀ ILĀHA ILLALLĀH (There is no god but Allah). He looked towards his father, and his father remained silent. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) repeated his words. Again, he looked towards his father. This time, his father said: Obey Abul Qasim (peace and blessings be upon him). Hearing this, the boy said: ASH-HADU ALLĀ ILĀHA ILLALLĀH WA ANNAKA RASŪLULLĀH (I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that you are the Messenger of Allah). When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) left from there, he was saying: Praise be to Allah, Who saved him from Hellfire because of me.
Hadith 3009
عَنْ زَاذَانَ أَبِي عُمَرَ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي مَنْ سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: ((مَنْ لُقِّنَ عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ))
Abu Umar Zadhan says: A man who had heard the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) say this narrated to me: Whoever is prompted to say LAA ILAAHA ILLALLAH at the time of his death will enter Paradise.
Hadith 3010
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: أَتَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعْضَ بَنَاتِهِ وَهِيَ تَجُودُ بِنَفْسِهَا، فَوَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا فَلَمْ يَرْفَعْ رَأْسَهُ حَتَّى قُبِضَتْ، قَالَ: فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ وَقَالَ: ((الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ، الْمُؤْمِنُ بِخَيْرٍ، تُنْزَعُ نَفْسُهُ مِنْ بَيْنِ جَنْبَيْهِ وَهُوَ يَحْمَدُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ))
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) went to one of his (granddaughters), who was in the throes of death. He (peace and blessings be upon him) leaned over her and did not raise his head until her soul was taken. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) raised his head and said: All praise is due to Allah. The believer is always in goodness. His soul is being taken from his sides while he is praising Allah Almighty.
Hadith 3011
عَنِ ابْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ (الْأَسْلَمِي) عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ بِخُرَاسَانَ فَعَادَ أَخًا لَهُ وَهُوَ مَرِيضٌ فَوَجَدَهُ بِالْمَوْتِ، وَإِذَا هُوَ يَعْرَقُ جَبِينُهُ، فَقَالَ: اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: ((مَوْتُ الْمُؤْمِنِ بِعَرَقِ الْجَبِينِ))
Sayyiduna Buraidah Aslami (may Allah be pleased with him) was in Khurasan. There, he went to visit his sick brother, who was near death, and his forehead was covered in sweat. Seeing this, he said: Allahu Akbar, I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: The death of a believer occurs with sweat on his forehead.
Hadith 3012
(وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ يَمُوتُ بِعَرَقِ الْجَبِينِ
(Second chain) The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: A believer dies with sweat on his forehead.
Hadith 3013
عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: لَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ كُنَّا نُؤْذِنُهُ لِمَنْ حُضِرَ مِنْ مَوْتَانَا فَيَأْتِيهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَمُوتَ، فَيَحْضُرُهُ وَيَسْتَغْفِرُ لَهُ وَيَنْتَظِرُ مَوْتَهُ، قَالَ فَكَانَ ذَلِكَ رُبَّمَا حَبَسَهُ الْحَبْسَ الطَّوِيلَ فَشَقَّ عَلَيْهِ، قَالَ: فَقُلْنَا: أَرْفَقُ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ لَا نُؤْذِنَهُ بِالْمَيِّتِ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ، قَالَ: فَكُنَّا إِذَا مَاتَ مِنَّا الْمَيِّتُ، أَذَنَّاهُ بِهِ فَجَاءَ فِي أَهْلِهِ فَاسْتَغْفَرَ لَهُ وَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ إِنْ بَدَا لَهُ أَنْ يَشْهَدَهُ، انْتَظَرَ شُهُودَهُ وَإِنْ بَدَا لَهُ أَنْ يَنْصَرِفَ انْصَرَفَ، قَالَ: فَكُنَّا عَلَى ذَلِكَ طَبَقَةً أُخْرَى، قَالَ: فَقُلْنَا: أَرْفَقُ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ نَحْمِلَ مَوْتَانَا إِلَى بَيْتِهِ وَلَا نُشْخِصَهُ وَلَا نُعَنِّيَهُ، قَالَ: فَقُلْنَا ذَلِكَ فَكَانَ الْأَمْرُ
Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) says: When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) migrated and arrived in Madinah Munawwarah, whenever the time of death of any person among us approached, we would inform the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), and he (peace and blessings be upon him) would arrive before the person's death and would stay by his side, continuously supplicating for his forgiveness and waiting for his passing. Sometimes, this would take quite a long time and it would become difficult for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). After that, we thought that it would be better if we did not inform the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) before the death. So, thereafter, it would happen that when someone among us passed away, only then would we inform the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Then, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would come to the family of the deceased, supplicate for his forgiveness, and lead the funeral prayer. After that, if he deemed it appropriate, he would stay until the burial, and if he deemed it appropriate, he would leave earlier. Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) says: This method continued for some time, then we decided that it would be easier for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) if we brought the deceased to the house of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and did not make him leave his house, nor cause him the inconvenience of coming to the house of the deceased's family.
