الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
أبواب صلاة الكسوفChapters on Eclipse Prayer
بَابُ فِي الْخُطْبَةِ بَعْدَ صَلَاةِ كُسُوفِ الشَّمْسِ
Chapter on the sermon after the solar eclipse prayer
Hadith 2919
عَنْ هِشَامٍ عَنْ فَاطِمَةَ عَنْ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ أَبِي بَكْرِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا، قَالَتْ: خَسَفَتِ الشَّمْسُ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ فَقُلْتُ: مَا شَأْنُ النَّاسِ يُصَلُّونَ؟ فَأَشَارَتْ بِرَأْسِهَا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ، فَقُلْتُ: آيَةٌ؟ قَالَتْ: نَعَمْ، فَأَطَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْقِيَامَ جِدًّا حَتَّى تَجَلَّانِي الْغَشْيُ، فَأَخَذْتُ قِرْبَةً إِلَى جَنْبِي، فَجَعَلْتُ أَصُبُّ عَلَى رَأْسِي الْمَاءَ، فَانْصَرَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَدْ تَجَلَّتِ الشَّمْسُ، فَخَطَبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: ((أَمَّا بَعْدُ، مَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ لَمْ أَكُنْ رَأَيْتُهُ إِلَّا قَدْ رَأَيْتُهُ فِي مَقَامِي هَٰذَا حَتَّى الْجَنَّةَ وَالنَّارَ إِنَّهُ قَدْ أُوحِيَ إِلَيَّ أَنَّكُمْ تُفْتَنُونَ فِي قُبُورِكُمْ قَرِيبًا أَوْ مِثْلَ فِتْنَةِ الْمَسِيحِ الدَّجَّالِ "لَا أَدْرِي أَيَّ ذَلِكَ، قَالَتْ أَسْمَاءُ" يُؤْتَى أَحَدُكُمْ فَيُقَالُ لَهُ مَا عِلْمُكَ بِهَٰذَا الرَّجُلِ فَأَمَّا الْمُؤْمِنُ أَوِ الْمُوقِنُ لَا أَدْرِي أَيَّ ذَلِكَ، قَالَتْ أَسْمَاءُ فَيَقُولُ هُوَ مُحَمَّدٌ، هُوَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَاءَنَا بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ وَالْهُدَى فَأَجَبْنَا وَاتَّبَعْنَا ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ فَيُقَالُ لَهُ قَدْ كُنَّا نَعْلَمُ أَنْ كُنْتَ لَتُؤْمِنُ بِهِ فَنَمْ صَالِحًا وَأَمَّا الْمُنَافِقُ أَوِ الْمُرْتَابُ لَا أَدْرِي أَيَّ ذَلِكَ قَالَتْ أَسْمَاءُ فَيَقُولُ مَا أَدْرِي، سَمِعْتُ النَّاسَ يَقُولُونَ شَيْئًا فَقُلْتُ))
Sayyida Asma bint Abi Bakr (may Allah be pleased with them both) says: During the time of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), the sun was eclipsed. So I entered upon Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) (she was also participating in that prayer). I said: What has happened to the people, that they are praying? She pointed towards the sky with her head. I said: Is this a (sign of) punishment? She (indicated) said: Yes. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) stood for a very long time, until I began to faint, so I took a water skin lying on my side and started pouring water over my head. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) finished (the prayer), he delivered a sermon, praised and glorified Allah, then said: After praise and glorification! There is nothing that I had not seen before, except that I have seen it at this place. I have seen Paradise and the Fire as well. Indeed, it has been revealed to me that you will soon be tested in your graves like the trial of the False Messiah (Dajjal). Each one of you will be approached (in the grave) and it will be said to him: What do you know about this man (Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him)? So the believer or the one with certainty will say: He is Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), he is the Messenger of Allah, he came to us with clear proofs and guidance, so we accepted and followed him. He will say this three times. Then it will be said to him: Indeed, we knew that you believed in him, so sleep in a good state. As for the matter of the hypocrite or the one in doubt, he will say: I do not know, I heard people saying something, so I said it too, (but now I do not know anything).
Hadith 2920
عَنْ سَمُرَةَ بْنِ جُنْدُبٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَطَبَ حِينَ انْكَسَفَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَقَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ
Sayyiduna Samurah bin Jundub (may Allah be pleased with him) says: When the sun was eclipsed, on that occasion the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) delivered a sermon and said: "Amma ba'du (after praise and glorification)."
Hadith 2921
عَنْ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا، قَالَتْ: خَسَفَتِ الشَّمْسُ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَسَمِعْتُ رَجَّةَ النَّاسِ وَهُمْ يَقُولُونَ آيَةً (فَذَكَرَتْ نَحْوَا الْحَدِيثِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ وَفِيهِ) فَصَلَّيْتُ مَعَهُمْ، وَقَدْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَرَغَ مِنْ سَجْدَتِهِ الْأُولَى قَالَتْ: فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قِيَامًا طَوِيلًا حَتَّى رَأَيْتُ بَعْضَ مَنْ يُصَلِّي يَنْتَضِحُ بِالْمَاءِ ثُمَّ رَكَعَ فَرَكَعَ رُكُوعًا طَوِيلًا، ثُمَّ قَامَ وَلَمْ يَسْجُدْ قِيَامًا طَوِيلًا، وَهُوَ دُونَ الْقِيَامِ الْأَوَّلِ ثُمَّ رَكَعَ رُكُوعًا طَوِيلًا وَهُوَ دُونَ رُكُوعِهِ الْأَوَّلِ، ثُمَّ سَجَدَ، ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ وَقَدْ تَجَلَّتِ الشَّمْسُ، ثُمَّ رَقِيَ الْمِنْبَرَ فَقَالَ: ((أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ! إِنَّ الشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ آيَتَانِ مِنْ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ لَا يَخْسِفَانِ لِمَوْتِ أَحَدٍ وَلَا لِحَيَاتِهِ فَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمْ ذَلِكَ فَافْزَعُوا إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ وَإِلَى الصَّدَقَةِ وَإِلَى ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ، أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ! إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَبْقَ شَيْءٌ لَمْ أَكُنْ رَأَيْتُهُ إِلَّا رَأَيْتُهُ فِي مَقَامِي هَٰذَا، وَقَدْ أُرِيتُكُمْ تُفْتَنُونَ فِي قُبُورِكُمْ، يُسْأَلُ أَحَدُكُمْ مَا كُنْتَ تَقُولُ وَمَا كُنْتَ تَعْبُدُ؟ فَإِنْ قَالَ: لَا أَدْرِي، رَأَيْتُ النَّاسَ يَقُولُونَ شَيْئًا فَقُلْتُهُ وَيَصْنَعُونَ شَيْئًا فَصَنَعْتُهُ، قِيلَ لَهُ أَجَلْ، عَلَى الشَّكِّ عِشْتَ وَعَلَيْهِ مُتَّ هَٰذَا مَقْعَدُكَ مِنَ النَّارِ، وَإِنْ قَالَ: أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، قِيلَ: عَلَى الْيَقِينِ عِشْتَ وَعَلَيْهِ مُتَّ، هَٰذَا مَقْعَدُكَ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ، وَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ خَمْسِينَ أَوْ سَبْعِينَ أَلْفًا يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ فِي مِثْلِ سُورَةِ القَمَرِ لَيْلَةَ الْبَدْرِ فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ))، فَقَالَ: ادْعُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَجْعَلَنِي مِنْهُمْ، فَقَالَ: ((اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْهُ مِنْهُمْ، أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ! إِنَّكُمْ لَنْ تَسْأَلُونِي عَنْ شَيْءٍ حَتَّى أَنْزِلَ إِلَّا أَخْبَرْتُكُمْ بِهِ))، فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ، فَقَالَ: مَنْ أَبِي؟ قَالَ: ((أَبُوكَ فُلَانٌ)) الَّذِي كَانَ يُنْسَبُ إِلَيْهِ
Sayyida Asma bint Abi Bakr (may Allah be pleased with her) says: In the time of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), the sun lost its light. I heard the mixed voices of people; they were saying: "A sign, a sign." (Then, as in the previous hadith, she narrated the hadith. In addition, the following matters are also included:) I prayed with them, (when I arrived) the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had finished the first rak'ah. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) stood for a long time, until I saw some of the people praying sprinkling water (on themselves). Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) bowed (in ruku') and made a long ruku', then he stood up and began to stand again and did not prostrate; this standing was less than the first standing. Then he made a long ruku', but it was somewhat less than the first ruku'. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) prostrated. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) finished the prayer with salam, the sun had become clear. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ascended the pulpit and said: "O people! Indeed, the sun and the moon are two signs among the signs of Allah. They do not lose their light because of anyone's death or life. When you see them like this, hasten to prayer, charity, and the remembrance of Allah. O people! There is nothing that I had not seen before, except that I saw it at this place, and I also saw you being tested in your graves. Each of you is being asked: What did you use to say? Whom did you worship? If someone replies: I do not know, I only said what I heard people saying, and I only did what I saw people doing, it will be said to him: Very well, you lived your life in doubt and died upon it; this fire is your abode. And if someone says: I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and indeed Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is the Messenger of Allah, it will be said to him: You lived your life with certainty and died upon it; this Paradise is your abode. Surely, I saw fifty or seventy thousand people entering Paradise with faces like the full moon of the fourteenth night." A man stood up and said: (O Messenger of Allah!) Pray to Allah that He admits me among them. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Allah! Admit him among them." O people! Whatever you ask me before I descend, I will answer you. So a man stood up and said: Who is my father? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Your father is so-and-so (i.e., he mentioned the name of the person to whom he was attributed).
Hadith 2922
وَعَنْهَا أَيْضًا قَالَتْ: وَلَقَدْ أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالْعَتَاقَةِ فِي صَلَاةِ كُسُوفِ الشَّمْسِ
It is also narrated from Sayyida Asma (may Allah be pleased with her), she says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) commanded us to free slaves during the solar eclipse prayer.
Hadith 2923
(وَعَنْهَا مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ قَالَتْ) إِنْ كُنَّا لَنُؤْمَرُ بِالْعَتَاقَةِ فِي صَلَاةِ الْخُسُوفِ
(Second chain) We were commanded to free slaves during the eclipse prayer.
Hadith 2924
)
Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), mentioning the length of the standing in the eclipse prayer of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), says that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed two rak‘ahs of prayer, with two bowings in each rak‘ah (as has been mentioned in previous hadiths, and further she says): When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) finished the prayer, the sun had become clear. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) delivered a sermon to the people, praised and glorified Allah, and then said: Surely the sun and the moon are among the signs of Allah; they do not lose their light because of anyone’s death or life. So when you see these (signs), glorify Allah, supplicate to Him, perform prayer, and give charity. O Ummah of Muhammad! There is no one more protective than Allah regarding His servant or maidservant committing adultery. O Ummah of Muhammad! By Allah! If you knew what I know, you would weep more and laugh less. Beware! Have I conveyed (the message of Allah)?!
