الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
أبواب صلاة الجماعةChapters on Congregational Prayer
بَابُ مَنْ صَلَّى ثُمَّ أَدْرَكَ جَمَاعَةً فَلْيُصَلِّهَا مَعَهُمْ نَافِلَةً
Chapter on one who prayed and then found a congregation, he should pray with them as a voluntary prayer
Hadith 2682
عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ الْأَسْوَدِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: حَجَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَجَّةَ الْوَدَاعِ، قَالَ: فَصَلَّى بِنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ صَلَاةَ الصُّبْحِ أَوِ الْفَجْرِ، قَالَ: ثُمَّ انْحَرَفَ جَالِسًا أَوِ اسْتَقْبَلَ النَّاسَ بِوَجْهِهِ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِرَجُلَيْنِ مِنْ وَرَاءِ النَّاسِ لَمْ يُصَلِّيَا مَعَ النَّاسِ، فَقَالَ: ((ائْتُونِي بِهَٰذَيْنِ الرَّجُلَيْنِ))، فَأُتِيَ بِهِمَا تُرْعَدُ فَرَائِصُهُمَا، فَقَالَ: ((مَا مَنَعَكُمَا أَنْ تُصَلِّيَا مَعَ النَّاسِ؟)) قَالَا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! إِنَّا كُنَّا قَدْ صَلَّيْنَا فِي الرِّحَالِ، قَالَ: ((فَلَا تَفْعَلَا، إِذَا صَلَّى أَحَدُكُمْ فِي رَحْلِهِ ثُمَّ أَدْرَكَ الصَّلَاةَ مَعَ الْإِمَامِ فَلْيُصَلِّهَا مَعَهُ فَإِنَّهَا لَهُ نَافِلَةً))، قَالَ: فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا: اسْتَغْفِرْ لِي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! فَاسْتَغْفَرَ لَهُ، قَالَ: وَنَهَضَ النَّاسُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَنَهَضْتُ مَعَهُمْ وَأَنَا يَوْمَئِذٍ أَشَبُّ الرِّجَالِ وَأَجْلَدُهُ، قَالَ: فَمَا زِلْتُ أَزْحَمُ النَّاسَ حَتَّى وَصَلْتُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَخَذْتُ بِيَدِهِ فَوَضَعْتُهَا إِمَّا عَلَى وَجْهِي أَوْ صَدْرِي، قَالَ: فَمَا وَجَدْتُّ شَيْئًا أَطْيَبَ وَلَا أَبْرَدَ مِنْ يَدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ وَهُوَ يَوْمَئِذٍ فِي مَسْجِدِ الْخَيْفِ
Sayyiduna Yazid bin Aswad says: We performed the Farewell Hajj with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him. He led us in the Fajr prayer, and when he turned towards the people and sat down, he saw that there were two men sitting at the back of the people; they had not prayed with the people. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Bring these two to me. The two men were brought, and the flesh of their shoulders was trembling. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, asked them: What prevented you from praying with the people? They said: O Messenger of Allah! We had already prayed at our homes. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Do not do so in the future, and when any of you has prayed at home and then finds the congregational prayer with the Imam, he should also pray with him; it will become a voluntary prayer for him. One of the two said: O Messenger of Allah! Please seek forgiveness from Allah for me. So the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, sought forgiveness for him. Then the people rose towards the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, and I also rose with them. At that time, I was the best and strongest young man among the people, so I made my way through the people until I reached the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him. Then I took his hand and placed it on my face or chest. I did not find anything better and cooler than the hand of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him. On that day, he was in the Mosque of Khaif (in Mina).
Hadith 2683
عَنْ بُسْرِ بْنِ مِحْجَنٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَجَلَسْتُ، فَلَمَّا صَلَّى، قَالَ لِي: ((أَلَسْتَ بِمُسْلِمٍ؟)) قُلْتُ: بَلَى، قَالَ: ((فَمَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ مَعَ النَّاسِ؟)) قَالَ: قُلْتُ: قَدْ صَلَّيْتُ فِي أَهْلِي، قَالَ: ((فَصَلِّ مَعَ النَّاسِ (وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: إِذَا جِئْتَ فَصَلِّ مَعَ النَّاسِ وَلَوْ كُنْتَ قَدْ صَلَّيْتَ فِي أَهْلِكَ)))
Sayyiduna Mihjan (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I came to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and in the meantime, the iqamah for prayer was called, but I remained seated (and did not pray). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: Are you not a Muslim? I replied: Why not! The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: What kept you from praying with the people? I said: O Messenger of Allah, I had already performed the prayer at home. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: (Still) perform the prayer with the people. And in another narration: When you come, perform the prayer with the people, even if you have already performed the prayer at home.
Hadith 2684
(وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) أَنَّ مِحْجَنًا كَانَ فِي مَجْلِسِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأُذِّنَ بِالصَّلَاةِ فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَمِحْجَنٌ فِي مَجْلِسِهِ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ مَعَ النَّاسِ؟ أَلَسْتَ بِرَجُلٍ مُسْلِمٍ؟)) وَذَكَرَ نَحْوَ الْحَدِيثِ الْمُتَقَدِّمِ
(Second Chain) Sayyiduna Mihjan (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that he was in the gathering of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), when the call to prayer was given. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) stood up and led the prayer. When he (peace and blessings be upon him) returned, he saw that Mihjan was still sitting in the same place, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) asked him: What prevented you from praying with the people? Are you not a Muslim? ... ... . (As in the previous hadith)
Hadith 2685
عَنْ حَنْظَلَةَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْأَسْلَمِيِّ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي الدِّيلِ قَالَ: صَلَّيْتُ الظُّهْرَ فِي بَيْتِي، ثُمَّ خَرَجْتُ بِأَبَاعِرِ لِي لِأُصْدِرَهَا إِلَى الرَّاعِي، فَمَرَرْتُ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ الظُّهْرَ فَمَضَيْتُ فَلَمْ أُصَلِّ مَعَهُ، فَلَمَّا أَصْدَرْتُ أَبَاعِرِي وَرَجَعْتُ ذُكِرَ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ لِي: ((مَا مَنَعَكَ يَا فُلَانُ! أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ مَعَنَا حِينَ مَرَرْتَ بِنَا؟)) قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! إِنِّي قَدْ كُنْتُ صَلَّيْتُ فِي بَيْتِي، قَالَ: ((وَإِنْ))
Hanzalah bin Ali Aslami narrates from a man of Banu Dail, who says: I performed the Zuhr prayer at home, then I took the camels out to take them to the shepherd. As I passed by the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, he was leading the people in the Zuhr prayer. I passed by and did not pray with him. When I had driven the camels ahead and returned, this matter was conveyed to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him. He asked me: O so-and-so! When you passed by us, what prevented you from praying with us? I said: O Messenger of Allah! I had already prayed at home. He, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Even if (you have already prayed at home, when you find the prayer with the Imam, then pray again).
Hadith 2686
عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ الْبَرَّاءِ قَالَ أَخَّرَ ابْنُ زِيَادٍ الصَّلَاةَ فَأَتَانِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الصَّامِتِ فَأَلْقَيْتُ لَهُ كُرْسِيًّا فَجَلَسَ عَلَيْهِ فَذَكَرْتُ لَهُ صَنِيعَ ابْنِ زِيَادٍ فَعَضَّ عَلَى شَفَتِهِ وَضَرَبَ فَخِذِي وَقَالَ: إِنِّي سَأَلْتُ أَبَا ذَرٍّ كَمَا سَأَلْتَنِي فَضَرَبَ فَخِذِي كَمَا ضَرَبْتُ عَلَى فَخِذِكَ وَقَالَ: إِنِّي سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَمَا سَأَلْتَنِي وَضَرَبَ فَخِذِي كَمَا ضَرَبْتُ فَخِذَكَ فَقَالَ: ((صَلِّ الصَّلَاةَ لِوَقْتِهَا، فَإِنْ أَدْرَكْتَهَا مَعَهُمْ فَصَلِّ وَلَا تَقُلْ إِنِّي قَدْ صَلَّيْتُ وَلَا أُصَلِّي))
Abu’l-‘Aliyah Bara’ says: One day Ibn Ziyad delayed the prayer. ‘Abdullah bin Samit came to me, I placed a chair for him and he sat on it. Then I mentioned to him this delay of Ibn Ziyad. In response, he bit his lip and struck his hand on my thigh and said: Just as you asked me, I had asked Sayyiduna Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) the same question, and he too struck my thigh just as I have struck yours, and said: Indeed, I had asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) the same question as you have asked me, and he struck my thigh just as I have struck yours. Then he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Perform the prayer at its appointed time, but if you find (the rulers) praying, then pray with them, and do not say: I have already prayed, so I will not pray (again).
Hadith 2687
عَنْ أَبِي أُبَيِّ بْنِ امْرَأَةِ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((إِنَّهَا سَتَكُونُ عَلَيْكُمْ أُمَرَاءُ تَشْغَلُهُمْ أَشْيَاءُ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ حَتَّى يُؤَخِّرُوهَا عَنْ وَقْتِهَا، فَصَلُّوهَا لِوَقْتِهَا (وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: ثُمَّ اجْعَلُوا صَلَاتَكُمْ مَعَهُمْ تَطَوُّعًا) قَالَ: فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! فَإِنْ أَدْرَكْتُهَا مَعَهُمْ أُصَلِّي؟ قَالَ: ((إِنْ شِئْتَ)))
Sayyiduna ‘Ubada bin Samit (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Soon there will be rulers over you who will be so occupied with other matters that they will delay the prayers from their prescribed times. (In such a situation) you should perform the prayer at its proper time, and then consider the prayer you perform with them as a voluntary (nafl) prayer. A man asked: O Messenger of Allah! If I happen to pray with them, should I (pray again)? The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: If you wish (then do so).
Hadith 2688
((وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) بِنَحْوِهِ وَفِيهِ) فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! ثُمَّ نُصَلِّي مَعَهُمْ؟ قَالَ: ((نَعَمْ)) قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ: قَالَ أَبِي رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ: وَهَٰذَا هُوَ الصَّوَابُ
(Second chain) In a similarly narrated hadith: A man said, "O Messenger of Allah! Should we then also pray with them?" The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, "Yes." Abdullah says: My father (Imam Ahmad, peace be upon him) said: And this is correct.
