الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
أبواب صفة الصلاةChapters on the Description of Prayer
بَابُ الْقِرَاءَةِ فِي الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ
Chapter on Recitation in Dhuhr and Asr
Hadith 1615
عَنْ أَبِي مَعْمَرٍ قَالَ: قُلْنَا لِخَبَّابٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: هَلْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقْرَأُ فِي الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: فَقُلْنَا بِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ كُنْتُمْ تَعْرِفُونَ ذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ: بِاضْطِرَابِ لِحْيَتِهِ
Abu Ma'mar says: We asked Sayyiduna Khabbab (may Allah be pleased with him): Did the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) recite (Qur'an) in Zuhr and Asr prayers? He replied: Yes. We asked: How did you recognize this? He said: By the movement of his beard.
Hadith 1616
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ أَنَا وَفَتَى مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ عَلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: فَسَأَلُوهُ هَلْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقْرَأُ فِي الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ؟ قَالَ: لَا، فَقَالُوا: فَلَعَلَّهُ كَانَ يَقْرَأُ فِي نَفْسِهِ؟ قَالَ: خَمْشًا، هَٰذِهِ شَرٌّ، إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ عَبْدًا مَأْمُورًا بَلَّغَ مَا أُرْسِلَ بِهِ، وَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَخُصَّنَا دُونَ النَّاسِ إِلَّا بِثَلَاثٍ أَمَرَنَا أَنْ نُسْبِغَ الْوُضُوءَ وَلَا نَأْكُلَ الصَّدَقَةَ وَلَا نُنْزِيَ حِمَارًا عَلَى فَرَسٍ
Abdullah bin Ubaidullah bin Abbas says: I and some young men from the Quraysh went to Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) and asked this question: Did the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) recite (aloud) in Zuhr and Asr prayers? He said: No. They said: Perhaps the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) recited in his heart. He said: May your face be disfigured, this is even worse, because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was a commanded servant, whatever he was sent with, he conveyed it, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) did not make anything specific for us among the people except for these three things: He (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded us to perform ablution well, not to eat charity, and not to mount a donkey on a mare (to produce a mule).
Hadith 1617
عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: قَرَأَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي صَلَوَاتٍ وَسَكَتَ فَنَقْرَأُ فِيمَا قَرَأَ فِيهِ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَنَسْكُتُ فِيمَا سَكَتَ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: فَلَعَلَّهُ كَانَ يَقْرَأُ فِي نَفْسِهِ، فَغَضِبَ مِنْهَا وَقَالَ: أَيُتَّهَمُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ؟ (وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: أَتَتَّهِمُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ؟)
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, who says that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, would recite aloud in some prayers and remain silent in others. Therefore, we recite aloud in those prayers in which the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, recited aloud, and we remain silent in those in which he remained silent. Someone said to him: Perhaps the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, used to recite in his heart. But he became angry and said: Is an accusation being made against the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him?
Hadith 1618
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: قَدْ حَفِظْتُ السُّنَّةَ كُلَّهَا غَيْرَ أَنِّي لَا أَدْرِي أَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقْرَأُ فِي الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ أَمْ لَا؟ (زَادَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ وَلَكِنَّا نَقْرَأُ) وَلَا أَدْرِي كَيْفَ كَانَ يَقْرَأُ هَٰذَا الْحَرْفَ {وَقَدْ بَلَغْتُ مِنَ الْكِبَرِ عِتِيًّا أَوْ عُسِيًّا}
Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I have memorized all the Sunnahs, but I do not know whether the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to recite (aloud) in the Zuhr and Asr prayers or not. In any case, we do recite, and I also do not know how he used to recite this verse: {وَقَدْ بَلَغْتُ مِنْ الْکِبَرِ عِتِیًّایا عُسِیًّا۔}
Hadith 1619
عَنِ الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: تَمَارَوْا فِي الْقِرَاءَةِ فِي الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ فَأَرْسَلُوا إِلَى خَارِجَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، فَقَالَ: قَالَ أَبِي: قَامَ أَوْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُطِيلُ الْقِيَامَ وَيُحَرِّكُ شَفَتَيْهِ، فَقَدْ أَعْلَمْ ذَلِكَ لَمْ يَكُنْ إِلَّا لِقِرَاءَةٍ
Matlub bin Abdullah says: There was a discussion among the people regarding recitation in Zuhr and Asr prayers. They sent a message to Kharijah bin Zaid (to decide the matter). He said: My father narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to stand for a long time and move his lips. I knew that this movement was only for the purpose of recitation.
Hadith 1620
عَنْ أَبِي الْأَحْوَصِ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: كَانَتْ تُعْرَفُ قِرَاءَةُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الظُّهْرِ بِتَحْرِيكِ لِحْيَتِهِ
A companion of the Messenger narrates: In the Zuhr prayer, the recitation of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was recognized by the movement of his beard.
Hadith 1621
عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: كُنَّا نَحْزُرُ قِيَامَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ، قَالَ: فَحَزَرْنَا قِيَامَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الظُّهْرِ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ الْأُوْلَيَيْنِ قَدْرَ قِرَاءَةِ ثَلَاثِينَ آيَةً قَدْرَ قِرَاءَةِ سُورَةِ {الٓم تَنْزِيلُ} السَّجْدَةِ، قَالَ: وَحَزَرْنَا قِيَامَهُ فِي الْأُخْرَيَيْنِ عَلَى النِّصْفِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَالَ: وَحَزَرْنَا قِيَامَهُ فِي الْعَصْرِ فِي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ الْأُوْلَيَيْنِ عَلَى النِّصْفِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَالَ: وَحَزَرْنَا قِيَامَهُ فِي الْأُخْرَيَيْنِ عَلَى النِّصْفِ مِنَ الْأُوْلَيَيْنِ
Sayyiduna Abu Sa'id Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) says: We used to estimate the standing (qiyam) of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) in Zuhr and Asr prayers, so we estimated that in the first two rak'ahs of Zuhr, the standing of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) was equal to the recitation of thirty verses, that is, equal to the recitation of Surah As-Sajdah. And we estimated his standing in the second two rak'ahs to be half of that. We estimated his standing in the first two rak'ahs of Asr to be equal to half of the first two rak'ahs of Zuhr. And in the second two rak'ahs, we estimated it to be half of the first two.
Hadith 1622
عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي قَزْعَةُ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ أَبَا سَعِيدٍ وَهُوَ مَكْثُورٌ عَلَيْهِ، فَلَمَّا تَفَرَّقَ النَّاسُ عَنْهُ قُلْتُ: إِنِّي لَا أَسْأَلُكَ عَمَّا يَسْأَلُكَ هَٰؤُلَاءِ عَنْهُ، قُلْتُ: أَسْأَلُكَ عَنْ صَلَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: مَا لَكَ فِي ذَلِكَ مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَأَعَادَهَا عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: كَانَتْ صَلَاةُ الظُّهْرِ تُقَامُ فَيَنْطَلِقُ أَحَدُنَا إِلَى الْبَقِيعِ فَيَقْضِي حَاجَتَهُ ثُمَّ يَأْتِي أَهْلَهُ فَيَتَوَضَّأُ ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الرَّكْعَةِ الْأُوْلَى
Qaza’ah says: I came to Sayyiduna Abu Sa’id (may Allah be pleased with him), and there were many people with him. When he separated from them, I said: I have not come to ask about what these people were questioning; I want to ask you about the prayer of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). He said: There is no good in that for you. But when I repeated my request, he said: The Zuhr prayer would be established, one of us would go towards Baqi’, relieve himself, then come home and perform ablution, then come to the mosque, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would still be in the first rak’ah.
Hadith 1623
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي أَوْفَى رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَقُومُ فِي الرَّكْعَةِ الْأُوْلَى مِنْ صَلَاةِ الظُّهْرِ حَتَّى لَا يَسْمَعَ وَقْعَ قَدَمٍ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Abi Awfa (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would remain standing in the first rak‘ah of Zuhr until he would not hear the sound of anyone’s (entering) footsteps.
Hadith 1624
عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقْرَأُ فِي الظُّهْرِ بِـ {سَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الْأَعْلَى} وَنَحْوِهَا، وَفِي الصُّبْحِ بِأَطْوَلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Samurah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, used to recite Surah Al-A'la and similar surahs in the Zuhr prayer, and longer surahs than these in the Fajr prayer.
Hadith 1625
عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ قَالَ: اجْتَمَعَ ثَلَاثُونَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالُوا: أَمَّا مَا يَجْهَرُ فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالْقِرَاءَةِ فَقَدْ عَلِمْنَاهُ، وَمَا لَا يَجْهَرُ فِيهِ فَلَا نَقِيسُ بِمَا يَجْهَرُ بِهِ، قَالَ: فَاجْتَمَعُوا فَمَا اخْتَلَفَ مِنْهُمْ اثْنَانِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَقْرَأُ فِي صَلَاةِ الظُّهْرِ قَدْرَ ثَلَاثِينَ آيَةً فِي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ الْأُوْلَيَيْنِ فِي كُلِّ رَكْعَةٍ، وَفِي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ الْأُخْرَيَيْنِ قَدْرَ النِّصْفِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، وَيَقْرَأُ فِي الْعَصْرِ فِي الْأُوْلَيَيْنِ بِقَدْرِ النِّصْفِ مِنْ قِرَاءَتِهِ فِي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ الْأُوْلَيَيْنِ مِنَ الظُّهْرِ، وَفِي الْأُخْرَيَيْنِ قَدْرَ النِّصْفِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ
Abu Al-Aliyah says: Thirty companions gathered and they said: We know (the prayers) in which the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, recited aloud, but as for those prayers in which he did not recite aloud, we do not make an analogy with the prayers in which he recited aloud. Then they all agreed upon this matter, and not even two among them differed, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, used to recite in the first two rak'ahs of the Zuhr prayer the equivalent of thirty verses, and in the last two rak'ahs half of that amount, and in the first two rak'ahs of the Asr prayer, half of what he recited in the first two rak'ahs of Zuhr, and in its last two rak'ahs, half of that amount.
