الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الصلاةBook of Prayer
بَابُ بَدْءِ الْأَذَانِ وَرُؤْيَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ وَسَبَبِ مَشْرُوعِيَّةِ التَّثْوِيبِ فِي الْفَجْرِ
Chapter on the Beginning of the Adhan, the Dream of Abdullah ibn Zayd, and the Reason for the Legislation of the Additional Call at Fajr
Hadith 1265
عَنْ نَافِعٍ أَنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ كَانَ يَقُولُ: كَانَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ حِينَ قَدِمُوا الْمَدِينَةَ يَجْتَمِعُونَ فَيَتَحَيَّنُونَ الصَّلَاةَ وَلَيْسَ يُنَادِي بِهَا أَحَدٌ، فَتَكَلَّمُوا يَوْمًا فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: اتَّخِذُوا نَاقُوسًا مِثْلَ نَاقُوسِ النَّصَارَى، وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: بَلْ قَرْنًا مِثْلَ قَرْنِ الْيَهُودِ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: أَوَلَا تَبْعَثُونَ رَجُلًا يُنَادِي بِالصَّلَاةِ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((يَا بِلَالُ! قُمْ فَنَادِ بِالصَّلَاةِ))
It is narrated from Nafi‘ that Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: When the Muslims came to Madinah, they used to gather for prayer by estimating the time; no one used to call the adhan for prayer. One day, the people discussed this matter. Someone suggested making a bell like the Christians’ bell, and some said to make a horn like the Jews’ horn. But Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Why don’t you send a man to announce the prayer at its time? (Since this opinion was liked,) the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Bilal! Stand up and announce the prayer.
Hadith 1266
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ زَيْدِ (بْنِ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ) قَالَ: لَمَّا أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالنَّاقُوسِ لِيُضْرَبَ بِهِ لِلنَّاسِ فِي الْجَمْعِ لِلصَّلَاةِ (وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ وَهُوَ كَارِهٌ لِمُوَافَقَتِهِ النَّصَارَى) طَافَ بِي وَأَنَا نَائِمٌ رَجُلٌ يَحْمِلُ نَاقُوسًا فِي يَدِهِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ! أَتَبِيعُ النَّاقُوسَ؟ قَالَ: مَا تَصْنَعُ بِهِ؟ قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ: نَدْعُو بِهِ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ، قَالَ: أَفَلَا أَدُلُّكَ عَلَى مَا هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ ذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: بَلَى، قَالَ: تَقُولُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، حَيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ، حَيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ، حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ، حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ، اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، ثُمَّ اسْتَأْخَرَ غَيْرَ بَعِيدٍ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: تَقُولُ إِذَا أُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ، اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، حَيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ، حَيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ، قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ، قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ، اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحْتُ أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ بِمَا رَأَيْتُ فَقَالَ: ((إِنَّهَا لَرُؤْيَا حَقٌّ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ، فَقُمْ مَعَ بِلَالٍ فَأَلْقِ عَلَيْهِ مَا رَأَيْتَ فَلْيُؤَذِّنْ بِهِ فَإِنَّهُ أَنْدَى صَوْتًا مِنْكَ)) قَالَ: فَقُمْتُ مَعَ بِلَالٍ فَجَعَلْتُ أُلْقِي عَلَيْهِ وَيُؤَذِّنُ بِهِ، قَالَ فَسَمِعَ بِذَلِكَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ وَهُوَ فِي بَيْتِهِ فَخَرَجَ يَجُرُّ رِدَاءَهُ يَقُولُ: وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ! لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ مِثْلَ الَّذِي أُرِيَ، قَالَ: فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((فَلِلَّهِ الْحَمْدُ))
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Zaid bin Abd Rabbah (may Allah be pleased with him) says that when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) had ordered the bell to be rung to gather people for prayer, and although this was disliked by him due to its resemblance to the Christians, I was asleep when a man passed by me carrying a bell in his hand. I said to him: O servant of Allah! Do you wish to sell the bell? He replied: What will you do with it? Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Zaid (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I told him that we would call people to prayer with it. He said: Shall I not guide you to something better than this? Abdullah bin Zaid said: I said to him, Why not! So he said: You should say these words: Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, Ashhadu an la ilaha illallah, Ashhadu an la ilaha illallah, Ashhadu anna Muhammadan Rasulullah, Ashhadu anna Muhammadan Rasulullah, Hayya ‘ala-s-Salah, Hayya ‘ala-s-Salah, Hayya ‘ala-l-Falah, Hayya ‘ala-l-Falah, Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, La ilaha illallah. Then he stepped back a little and said: When the prayer is about to begin, say these words: Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, Ashhadu an la ilaha illallah, Ashhadu anna Muhammadan Rasulullah, Hayya ‘ala-s-Salah, Hayya ‘ala-l-Falah, Qad qamatis Salah, Qad qamatis Salah, Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, La ilaha illallah. Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Zaid (may Allah be pleased with him) says: When morning came, I went to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and related my dream. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: If Allah wills, without doubt, this is a true dream. Abdullah! Stand with Bilal and have him repeat the words of your dream so that he may call the Adhan with them, for he has a better and louder voice than you. Abdullah bin Zaid (may Allah be pleased with him) says: I stood with Bilal and recited the words to him, and he called the Adhan with them. Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Zaid (may Allah be pleased with him) says that when Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) heard these words in his house, he hurriedly came out, dragging his cloak, and said: (O Messenger of Allah!) By the One Who has sent you with the truth! I have seen a dream like this as well. Sayyiduna Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: FALILLAHIL HAMD (All praise is due to Allah).
Hadith 1267
((وَعَنْهُ مِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) بِنَحْوِهِ) وَزَادَ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِالتَّأْذِينِ فَكَانَ بِلَالٌ مَوْلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ يُؤَذِّنُ بِذَلِكَ وَيَدْعُو رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ قَالَ، فَجَاءَهُ فَدَعَاهُ ذَاتَ غَدَاةٍ إِلَى الْفَجْرِ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَائِمٌ، قَالَ فَصَرَخَ بِلَالٌ بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِهِ: الصَّلَاةُ خَيْرٌ مِنَ النَّوْمِ، قَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيَّبِ: فَأُدْخِلَتْ هَذِهِ الْكَلِمَةُ فِي التَّأْذِينِ إِلَى صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ
A hadith similar to this is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Zaid (may Allah be pleased with him) through another chain, and in it, there is further mention of this matter. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered the call to prayer (adhan) to be given. Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him), the freed slave of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him), used to call the adhan with these same words and would call the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) for prayer. Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Zaid says: One day, Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) went to call you for the Fajr prayer in the morning, and he was told that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was sleeping, so Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) loudly proclaimed: "As-salatu khayrun minan-nawm" (Prayer is better than sleep). Sa'id bin al-Musayyib says: So these words were included in the adhan for Fajr. (1267)
Hadith 1268
عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ فِي النَّوْمِ كَأَنِّي مُسْتَيْقِظٌ أَرَى رَجُلًا نَزَلَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ عَلَيْهِ بُرْدَانٌ أَخْضَرَانِ نَزَلَ عَلَى جِذْمِ حَائِطٍ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ فَأَذَّنَ مَثْنَى مَثْنَى ثُمَّ جَلَسَ، ثُمَّ أَقَامَ فَقَالَ مَثْنَى مَثْنَى، قَالَ: ((نِعْمَ مَا رَأَيْتَ، عَلِّمْهَا بِلَالًا)) قَالَ عُمَرُ: قَدْ رَأَيْتُ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ وَلَكِنَّهُ سَبَقَنِي
Sayyiduna Mu’adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) says: An Ansari man came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and said: I saw a dream, it seemed to me as if I was awake, a man descended from the sky to one side of a garden in Madinah, wearing two green sheets over himself. He called the adhan with two-word phrases, then sat down, then he called the iqamah with two-word phrases. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: You have seen the best thing; teach these words to Bilal. Sayyiduna ‘Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Indeed, I also saw such a dream, but he has preceded me.
Hadith 1269
عَنْ بِلَالٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: أَمَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ لَا أُثَوِّبَ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ إِلَّا فِي صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ، وَقَالَ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ (أَحَدُ الرُّوَاةِ) فِي حَدِيثِهِ: قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((إِذَا أَذَّنْتَ فَلَا تُثَوِّبْ))
Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded me that I should not say "As-Salatu Khayrun Minan-Nawm" (Prayer is better than sleep) in any prayer except the Fajr prayer. And one narrator of the hadith, Abu Ahmad, says that Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to me: When you give the adhan, do not say "As-Salatu Khayrun Minan-Nawm."
Hadith 1270
(وَمِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي ثَنَا أَبُو قَطَنٍ قَالَ: ذَكَرَ رَجُلٌ لِشُعْبَةَ الْحَكَمَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى عَنْ بِلَالٍ قَالَ: فَأَمَرَنِي أَنْ أُثَوِّبَ فِي الْفَجْرِ، وَنَهَانِي عَنِ الْعِشَاءِ، فَقَالَ شُعْبَةُ: وَاللَّهِ مَا ذَكَرَ ابْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى، وَلَا ذَكَرَ إِلَّا إِسْنَادًا ضَعِيفًا، قَالَ أَظُنُّ شُعْبَةَ قَالَ: كُنْتُ أُرَاهُ رَوَاهُ عَنْ عِمْرَانِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ
A hadith narrated with another chain is as follows: Sayyiduna Bilal (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered me to say "As-Salatu Khayrun Minan-Nawm" in Fajr and forbade it in Isha.
