الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب العلمBook of Knowledge
بَابُ فَضْلِ الْعِلْمِ وَالْعُلَمَاءِ
Chapter on the virtue of knowledge and scholars
Hadith 233
عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((لَا حَسَدَ إِلَّا فِي اثْنَتَيْنِ، رَجُلٌ آتَاهُ اللَّهُ مَالًا فَسَلَّطَهُ عَلَى هَلَاكَتِهِ فِي الْحَقِّ، وَرَجُلٌ آتَاهُ اللَّهُ حِكْمَةً فَهُوَ يَقْضِي بِهَا وَيُعَلِّمُهَا النَّاسَ))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Envy is permitted only in two cases: one, a man whom Allah has given wealth and enabled him to spend it in the cause of truth; and the other, a man to whom Allah has given wisdom (i.e., beneficial knowledge), and he judges by it and teaches it to the people.”
Hadith 234
عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((إِنَّ مَثَلَ الْعُلَمَاءِ فِي الْأَرْضِ كَمَثَلِ النُّجُومِ فِي السَّمَاءِ يُهْتَدَى بِهِمْ فِي ظُلُمَاتِ الْبَرِّ وَالْبَحْرِ، فَإِذَا انْطَمَسَتِ النُّجُومُ يُوشِكُ أَنْ تَضِلَّ الْهُدَاةُ))
Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The example of the people of knowledge on the earth is like that of the stars in the sky; through these scholars, guidance is sought in the darkness of land and sea. When these stars disappear, soon those who guide will themselves go astray."
Hadith 235
عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا بَعَثَ أَحَدًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فِي بَعْضِ أَمْرِهِ قَالَ: ((بَشِّرُوا وَلَا تُنَفِّرُوا وَيَسِّرُوا وَلَا تُعَسِّرُوا))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Musa Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: Whenever the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) would send any of his companions for a task, he would say: “(When inviting people to Islam) give glad tidings and do not make them averse, and make things easy and do not create difficulties (in the religion).”
Hadith 236
وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((إِنَّ مَثَلَ مَا بَعَثَنِي اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِهِ مِنَ الْهُدَى وَالْعِلْمِ كَمَثَلِ غَيْثٍ أَصَابَ الْأَرْضَ، فَكَانَتْ مِنْهُ طَائِفَةٌ قَبِلَتْ فَأَنْبَتَتِ الْكَلَأَ وَالْعُشْبَ الْكَثِيرَ، وَكَانَتْ مِنْهَا أَجَادِبُ أَمْسَكَتِ الْمَاءَ فَنَفَعَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِهَا نَاسًا فَشَرِبُوا وَرَعَوْا وَسَقَوْا وَزَرَعُوا وَأَسْقَوْا، وَأَصَابَتْ طَائِفَةً مِنْهَا أُخْرَى، إِنَّمَا هِيَ قِيعَانٌ لَا تُمْسِكُ مَاءً وَلَا تُنْبِتُ كَلَأً، فَذَلِكَ مَثَلُ مَنْ فَقُهَ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَنَفَعَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِمَا بَعَثَنِي بِهِ وَنَفَعَ بِهِ فَعَلِمَ وَعَلَّمَ، وَمَثَلُ مَنْ لَمْ يَرْفَعْ بِذَلِكَ رَأْسًا وَلَمْ يَقْبَلْ هُدَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ الَّذِي أُرْسِلْتُ بِهِ))
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “The example of the guidance and knowledge with which Allah has sent me is like that of rain which falls upon the earth. A portion of the earth absorbs the water and brings forth abundant grass. Another portion is hard, it retains the water, and Allah benefits many people through it; so they drink, give drink to their animals, cultivate crops, and irrigate with it. Then the same rain falls upon another land which is barren; it neither retains the water nor grows grass. Thus, the first is the example of the person who gains understanding in the religion (i.e., understands and acquires knowledge of the religion), and Allah benefits him with what He has sent me with, and then he benefits others through it; so he himself acquires knowledge and teaches it to others. The latter is the example of the person who does not even raise his head (to accept knowledge and guidance), and does not accept the guidance of Allah with which He has sent me.”
Hadith 237
عَنْ نَافِعٍ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَارِثِ أَنَّهُ لَقِيَ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ بِعُسْفَانَ، وَكَانَ عُمَرُ اسْتَعْمَلَهُ عَلَى مُلْكِهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ: مَنِ اسْتَخْلَفْتَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْوَادِي؟ قَالَ: اسْتَخْلَفْتُ عَلَيْهِمُ ابْنَ أَبْزَى، قَالَ: وَمَا ابْنُ أَبْزَى؟ فَقَالَ: رَجُلٌ مِنْ مَوَالِينَا، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: اسْتَخْلَفْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ مَوْلًى! فَقَالَ: إِنَّهُ قَارِئُ لِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ عَالِمٌ بِالْفَرَائِضِ قَاضٍ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: أَمَا إِنَّ نَبِيَّكَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ قَالَ: ((إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَرْفَعُ بِهَذَا الْكِتَابِ أَقْوَامًا وَيَضَعُ بِهِ آخَرِينَ))
It is narrated from Nafi’ bin ‘Abd al-Harith (may Allah have mercy on him) that he met Sayyiduna ‘Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) at the place of ‘Usfan. Sayyiduna ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) had appointed him as the governor of his former territory. Sayyiduna ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asked him: “Whom have you appointed as your deputy over the people of the valley?” He replied: “I have appointed Ibn Abza as my deputy.” He asked: “Who is Ibn Abza?” He replied: “He is one of our slaves.” He said: “You have appointed a slave as your deputy!” He replied: “Yes, he is one who recites the Book of Allah, knows the laws of inheritance, and passes judgments.” Sayyiduna ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “Beware! Your Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Verily, Allah elevates many people through this Book and humiliates others through it.”
Hadith 238
عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: أَنَّ أَهْلَ الْيَمَنِ قَدِيمُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَقَالُوا: ابْعَثْ مَعَنَا رَجُلًا يُعَلِّمُنَا، فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ الْجَرَّاحِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَأَرْسَلَهُ مَعَهُمْ فَقَالَ: ((هَذَا أَمِينُ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, that the people of Yemen came to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, and said: "Send us a man who will teach us the religion." The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, took the hand of Sayyiduna Abu Ubaidah bin Jarrah, may Allah be pleased with him, and sent him with them and said: "He is the trustworthy one of this Ummah."
Hadith 239
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي ثَنَا هَارُونَ ثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ حَدَّثَنِي مَالِكُ بْنُ الْخَيْرِ الزِّيَادِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي قَبِيلٍ النَّعَافِرِيِّ عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: ((لَيْسَ مِنْ أُمَّتِي مَنْ لَمْ يُجِلَّ كَبِيرَنَا وَيَرْحَمْ صَغِيرَنَا وَيَعْرِفْ لِعَالِمِنَا)) قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ: وَسَمِعْتُهُ أَنَا مِنْ هَارُونَ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Ubadah bin Samit (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "He is not from my Ummah who does not honor our elders, does not show mercy to our young ones, and does not recognize the right of our scholars."
