الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
كتاب الإيمان و الإسلامBook of Faith and Islam
بابٌ فِي خِصَالِ الإِيمَانِ وَآيَاتِهِ
Chapter on the characteristics of faith and its signs
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Hadith 89
عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الثَّقَفِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! قُلْ لِي فِي الْإِسْلَامِ قَوْلًا لَا أَسْأَلُ عَنْهُ أَحَدًا غَيْرَكَ، قَالَ أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ: بَعْدَكَ، قَالَ: ((قُلْ آمَنْتُ بِاللَّهِ ثُمَّ اسْتَقِمْ))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Sufyan bin Abdullah Thaqafi (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I said, "O Messenger of Allah! Tell me something about Islam such that after you (Abu Muawiyah has narrated the words 'after you'), there remains no need to ask anyone else about it." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Say, 'I believe in Allah,' and then remain steadfast upon it."
Hadith 90
(وَمِنْ طَرِيقٍ ثَانٍ) قَالَ: قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! حَدِّثْنِي بِأَمْرٍ أَعْتَصِمُ بِهِ، قَالَ: ((قُلْ رَبِّيَ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ اسْتَقِمْ)) قَالَ: قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! مَا أَخْوَفُ مَا تَخَافُ عَلَيَّ؟ قَالَ: فَأَخَذَ بِلِسَانِ نَفْسِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ: ((هَذَا))
(Second chain of narration) I said: "O Messenger of Allah! Tell me something to which I may hold fast (and be diligent about it)." He ﷺ said: "Say: My Lord is Allah, then remain steadfast upon it." I said: "O Messenger of Allah! Of what are you most afraid for me?" In response, he ﷺ held his tongue and said: "This."
Hadith 91
عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَسَمَ بَيْنَكُمْ أَخْلَاقَكُمْ كَمَا قَسَمَ بَيْنَكُمْ أَرْزَاقَكُمْ، وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يُعْطِي الدُّنْيَا مَنْ يُحِبُّ وَمَنْ لَا يُحِبُّ وَلَا يُعْطِي الدِّينَ إِلَّا لِمَنْ أَحَبَّ، فَمَنْ أَعْطَاهُ الدِّينَ فَقَدْ أَحَبَّهُ، وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ! لَا يُسْلِمُ عَبْدٌ حَتَّى يُسْلِمَ قَلْبُهُ وَلِسَانُهُ وَلَا يُؤْمِنُ حَتَّى يَأْمَنَ جَارُهُ بَوَائِقَهُ)) قَالُوا: وَمَا بَوَائِقُهُ؟ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ! قَالَ: ((غَشْمُهُ وَظُلْمُهُ، وَلَا يَكْتَسِبُ عَبْدٌ مَالًا مِنْ حَرَامٍ فَيُنْفِقُ مِنْهُ فَيُبَارَكُ لَهُ فِيهِ، وَلَا يَتَصَدَّقُ بِهِ فَيُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ، وَلَا يَتْرُكُ خَلْفَ ظَهْرِهِ إِلَّا كَانَ زَادَهُ إِلَى النَّارِ، لَا يَمْحُو السَّيِّئَ بِالسَّيِّئِ وَلَكِنْ يَمْحُو السَّيِّئَ بِالْحَسَنِ، إِنَّ الْخَبِيثَ لَا يَمْحُو الْخَبِيثَ))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Indeed, just as Allah Almighty has distributed your sustenance among you, likewise He has distributed your character among you. And indeed, Allah Almighty grants the world to the one He loves and also to the one He does not love, but He grants the blessing of religion only to the one He loves. Whoever Allah Almighty has granted religion, it means that Allah Almighty loves him. By the One in Whose hand is my soul! No one can be a Muslim until his heart and tongue become obedient, and no servant can be a believer until his neighbor is safe from his evils.” The people asked: “O Messenger of Allah! What is meant by ‘evils’ (bawa’iq)?” He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “His oppression and excesses. And whoever earns unlawful wealth and spends it, there will be no blessing in it, and any charity given from it will not be accepted, and if such a person leaves behind any such wealth in his inheritance, it will be his provision for Hell. Indeed, Allah Almighty does not erase evil with evil, rather He erases evil with good, and indeed, an impure thing cannot erase another impure thing.” (Sins are not erased by spending unlawful wealth, rather sins are cleansed by spending lawful wealth.)
Hadith 92
عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ أَفْضَلِ الْإِيمَانِ قَالَ: ((أَنْ تُحِبَّ لِلَّهِ وَتُبْغِضَ لِلَّهِ وَتُعْمِلَ لِسَانَكَ فِي ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ)) قَالَ: وَمَا ذَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ: ((وَأَنْ تُحِبَّ لِلنَّاسِ مَا تُحِبُّ لِنَفْسِكَ وَتَكْرَهَ لَهُمْ مَا تَكْرَهُ لِنَفْسِكَ)) (زَادَ فِي رِوَايَةٍ: وَأَنْ تَقُولَ خَيْرًا أَوْ تَصْمُتَ)
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Mu'adh bin Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) that when he asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) about the best form of faith, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "It is that you love for the sake of Allah Almighty, hate for the sake of Allah Almighty, and keep your tongue engaged in the remembrance of Allah Almighty." He said: "O Messenger of Allah! Say more." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "And that you like for people what you like for yourself, and dislike for them what you dislike for yourself." In another narration: "And say good words or remain silent."
Hadith 93
عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: ((ذَاقَ طَعْمَ الْإِيمَانِ مَنْ رَضِيَ بِاللَّهِ رَبًّا وَبِالْإِسْلَامِ دِينًا وَبِمُحَمَّدٍ نَبِيًّا وَرَسُولًا))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with him) that he heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) saying: "That servant has tasted the sweetness of faith who is pleased with Allah as his Lord, Islam as his religion, and Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) as his Prophet and Messenger."
Hadith 94
عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: ((مَنْ عَمِلَ حَسَنَةً فَسُرَّ بِهَا وَعَمِلَ سَيِّئَةً فَسَاءَتْهُ فَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Musa Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "He who is pleased when he does a good deed and is distressed when he commits a bad deed, he is a believer."
Hadith 95
عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِمَعْنَاهُ
Sayyiduna Amir bin Rabi’ah (may Allah be pleased with him) has also narrated a similar type of hadith from the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).
Hadith 96
عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: مَا الْإِثْمُ؟ قَالَ: ((إِذَا حَكَّ فِي نَفْسِكَ شَيْءٌ فَدَعْهُ)) قَالَ: فَمَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ: ((إِذَا سَاءَتْكَ سَيِّئَتُكَ وَسَرَّتْكَ حَسَنَتُكَ فَأَنْتَ مُؤْمِنٌ))
Sayyiduna Abu Umamah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that a man asked the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "What is sin?" He (peace be upon him) replied: "When something causes uneasiness in your heart, then leave it." He asked: "What is faith?" He (peace be upon him) replied: "When your evil deed displeases you and your good deed pleases you, then you are a believer."
Hadith 97
عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: ((وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ! لَا يُؤْمِنُ عَبْدٌ حَتَّى يُحِبَّ لِأَخِيهِ مَا يُحِبُّ لِنَفْسِهِ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Noble Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "By Him in Whose hand is my soul! No servant can be a believer until he desires for his brother what he desires for himself of goodness and virtue."
Hadith 98
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَجُلًا قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! أَيُّ الْإِسْلَامِ أَفْضَلُ؟ قَالَ: ((مَنْ سَلِمَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ مِنْ لِسَانِهِ وَيَدِهِ))
Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates that a man said: "O Messenger of Allah! Which Islam is the best?" He (peace be upon him) said: "The Muslim from whose tongue and hand other Muslims are safe and secure."
Hadith 99
عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِثْلُهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِيهِ: أَيُّ الْمُسْلِمِينَ بَدَلَ قَوْلِهِ أَيُّ الْإِسْلَامِ
Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) also narrated a similar hadith from the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), with the only difference being that instead of asking "Which Islam is best?" the question was asked: "Which Muslims are best?"
Hadith 100
عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي الشَّرِيدِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ الثَّقَفِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ أُمَّهُ أَوْصَتْ أَنْ يُعْتِقَ عَنْهَا رَقَبَةً مُؤْمِنَةً فَسَأَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَ: عِنْدِي جَارِيَةٌ سَوْدَاءُ نُوبِيَّةٌ فَأُعْتِقُهَا؟ فَقَالَ: ((ائْتِ بِهَا)) فَدَعَوْتُهَا فَجَاءَتْ فَقَالَ لَهَا: ((مَنْ رَبُّكِ؟)) قَالَتْ: اللَّهُ، قَالَ: ((مَنْ أَنَا؟)) فَقَالَتْ: رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، فَقَالَ: ((أَعْتِقْهَا فَإِنَّهَا مُؤْمِنَةٌ))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Shurayd bin Suwayd Thaqafi (may Allah be pleased with him) that his mother had made a will that he should free a Muslim slave on her behalf. So he asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) that he had a black Sudanese slave woman; could he free her? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Bring her to me." So I called her and she came. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to her: "Who is your Lord?" She said: "Allah, the Exalted." He (peace and blessings be upon him) then said: "Who am I?" She said: "You are the Messenger of Allah." Upon hearing this, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Set her free, for she is a believer."
Hadith 101
عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ جَاءَ بِأَمَةٍ سَوْدَاءَ وَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! إِنَّ عَلَيَّ رَقَبَةً مُؤْمِنَةً فَإِنْ كُنْتَ تَرَى هَذِهِ مُؤْمِنَةً أَعْتِقْهَا، فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((أَتَشْهَدِينَ أَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ؟)) قَالَتْ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: ((أَتُؤْمِنِينَ بِالْبَعْثِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ؟)) قَالَتْ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: ((أَعْتِقْهَا))
It is narrated from an Ansari companion (may Allah be pleased with him) that he brought a black slave girl and said: "O Messenger of Allah! I have to free a Muslim slave. Now, if you consider this slave girl to be a believer, then free her." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) asked her: "Do you testify that I am the Messenger of Allah?" She said: "Yes." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) then asked: "Do you believe in resurrection after death?" She said: "Yes." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Free her."
Hadith 102
عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((مِنْ حُسْنِ إِسْلَامِ الْمَرْءِ قِلَّةُ الْكَلَامِ فِيمَا لَا يَعْنِيهِ، (وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ) تَرْكُهُ مَا لَا يَعْنِيهِ))
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Husayn bin Ali (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Part of the excellence of a person's Islam is that he speaks little about that which does not concern him." And in another narration: "He should leave that which does not concern him."
Hadith 103
عَنْ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((أَجِلُّوا اللَّهَ يَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ)) قَالَ ابْنُ ثَوْبَانَ (أَحَدُ الرُّوَاةِ) يَعْنِي أَسْلِمُوا
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Darda’ (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Honor Allah, He will forgive you.” Ibn Thawban (may Allah have mercy on him), the narrator, said: “Its meaning is that become obedient to Allah.”
