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Hadith 9597

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَوَالَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ مَنْ نَجَا مِنْ ثَلَاثٍ فَقَدْ نَجَا ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ مَوْتِي وَالدَّجَّالِ وَقَتْلِ خَلِيفَةٍ مُصْطَبِرٍ بِالْحَقِّ يُعْطِيهِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Hawalah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever is saved from three things will attain salvation. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) repeated this statement three times: (1) My death, (2) the Dajjal, and (3) the killing of a caliph who stands firm on the right of the caliphate given by Allah Almighty.
Hadith Reference الفتح الربانی / كتاب جامع فى الترغيب: الآداب والمواعظ والحكم وجوامع الكلم، يبدأ بالثلاثيات / 9597
Hadith Grading محدثین: صحیح
Hadith Takhrij «اسناده حسن، أخرجه ابن ابي شيبة: 15/ 134، والحاكم: 3/ 101 ، (انظر مسند أحمد ترقيم الرسالة: 22488 ترقیم بيت الأفكار الدولية: 22855»
Brief Explanation
Benefits: … What is meant by being saved from the death of the Noble Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam is that any Muslim who is alive at that time should remain steadfast upon his religion and continue to walk upon the path of righteousness until he meets you sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. The one who will not attain salvation is the person who, after your sallallahu alayhi wa sallam’s passing, falls into tribulation (fitnah) or becomes an apostate (murtadd).

It is apparent that the caliph mentioned in this hadith refers to Sayyiduna Uthman radi Allahu anhu, because he was the rightful caliph and was martyred as an oppressed one.