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الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
مسائل الترغيب فى الأعمال الصالحةIssues Encouraging Good Deeds
بَابُ فِي التَّرْغِيْبِ فِي خِصَالٍ مُجْتَمَعَةٍ مِنْ أَفْضَل أَعْمَالِ الْبِرِّ وَالنَّهْي عَنْ ضِدُّهاChapter on encouragement towards combined qualities from the best of righteous deeds and prohibition of their opposites
Hadith 8977
اُردوEn
عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَجَلَسْتُ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا ذَرٍّ هَلْ صَلَّيْتَ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ قُمْ فَصَلِّ فَصَلَّيْتُ ثُمَّ جَلَسْتُ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا ذَرٍّ تَعَوَّذْ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ شَرِّ شَيَاطِينِ الْإِنْسِ وَالْجِنِّ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَلِلْإِنْسِ شَيَاطِينُ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ الصَّلَاةُ قَالَ خَيْرٌ مَوْضُوعٌ مَنْ شَاءَ أَقَلَّ وَمَنْ شَاءَ أَكْثَرَ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ الصَّوْمُ قَالَ فَرْضٌ مَجْزٍ وَعِنْدَ اللَّهِ مَزِيدٌ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَالصَّدَقَةُ قَالَ أَضْعَافٌ مُضَاعَفَةٌ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَأَيُّهَا أَفْضَلُ قَالَ جَهْدٌ مِنْ مُقِلٍّ أَوْ سِرٌّ إِلَى فَقِيرٍ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَيُّ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ كَانَ أَوَّلًا قَالَ آدَمُ قُلْتُ وَنَبِيًّا كَانَ قَالَ نَعَمْ نَبِيٌّ مُكَلَّمٌ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كَمِ الْمُرْسَلُونَ قَالَ ثَلَاثُ مِائَةٍ وَبِضْعَةَ عَشَرَ وَقَالَ مَرَّةً وَخَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ جَمًّا غَفِيرًا قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَيُّمَا أُنْزِلَ عَلَيْكَ أَعْظَمُ قَالَ آيَةُ الْكُرْسِيِّ {اللَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ الْحَيُّ الْقَيُّومُ} [سورة البقرة: ٢٥٥] (وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ حَتَّى خَتَمَ الْآيَةَ)
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him), he says: I came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) while he was sitting in the mosque. I came and sat down. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: O Abu Dharr! Have you prayed? I said: No. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Get up and pray. So I prayed and then sat down. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: O Abu Dharr! Seek refuge with Allah from the devils among mankind and jinn. I said: O Messenger of Allah! Are there devils among mankind too? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Yes, absolutely. I said: O Messenger of Allah! Tell me something about prayer. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It is the best thing that has been made; whoever wishes may pray less, and whoever wishes may pray more. I said: O Messenger of Allah! (Tell me about) fasting. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It is such an obligation that its reward will also be given, and with Allah there is much more besides. I said: O Messenger of Allah! (Tell me about) charity. He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: It will be multiplied many times. I said: O Messenger of Allah! Which charity is best? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: That which is given by a person of little means according to his capacity, or given secretly to a poor person. I said: O Messenger of Allah! Who was the first prophet? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Adam (peace be upon him). I said: Was Adam (peace be upon him) a prophet? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Yes, he was a prophet and he was spoken to. I said: O Messenger of Allah! How many messengers are there? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: About three hundred and fifteen or sixteen. In one narration: Three hundred and fifteen, a great multitude. I said: O Messenger of Allah! What is the greatest thing revealed to you? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Ayat al-Kursi {اَللّٰہُ لَا اِلٰہَ اِلَّا ھُوَ الْحَیُّ الْقَیُّوْمُ}. In one narration, he (peace and blessings be upon him) recited the entire verse.
Brief Explanation
Benefits: … Some humans are devils, as is also mentioned in Surah al-Nas; a person who misguides another is a devil.
Consider the following hadith, narrated through two chains, regarding the number of Prophets and Messengers:
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Umamah radi Allahu anhu, who said: "A man asked: O Messenger of Allah! Was Adam a Prophet?" He sallallahu alayhi wa sallam replied: 'Yes, he was taught and spoken to (by Allah).' He asked: "What was the time span between him and Nuh?" He sallallahu alayhi wa sallam replied: 'Ten centuries (or ten generations).' He asked: "What was the time span between Nuh and Ibrahim?" He sallallahu alayhi wa sallam replied: 'Ten centuries.' Then the Companions asked: "O Messenger of Allah! How many Messengers have passed in total?" He sallallahu alayhi wa sallam replied: 'Three hundred and fifteen, a great multitude.'
(Al-Hakim: 2/262, Al-Mu'jam al-Kabir by al-Tabarani: 8/139, Silsilah al-Sahihah: 3289)
Shaykh al-Albani rahimahullah, mentioning a mawquf witness for this hadith, said: Sayyiduna Abdullah ibn Abbas said: "Between Nuh and Adam were ten centuries; all the people were upon the true Shari'ah, then differences arose, so Allah began sending Prophets to give glad tidings and to warn." Abdullah ibn Mas'ud's recitation was: {کَانَ النَّاسُ اُمَّۃً وَّاحِـدَۃً فَاخْتَلَفُوْا} (Tafsir al-Tabari: 2/194, Al-Hakim: 2/546)
In this is the statement of an important benefit: that in the beginning, people were one community, pure monotheism (tawhid) was their religion, then later traces of polytheism (shirk) appeared among them. This refutes those philosophers and atheists who say that originally there was polytheism, and later monotheism came into existence. (Silsilah al-Sahihah: 3289)
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Umamah radi Allahu anhu, who said: "A man asked: O Messenger of Allah! Was Adam a Prophet?" He sallallahu alayhi wa sallam replied: 'Yes, he was one who was spoken to (by Allah).' He asked: "What was the time span between him and Nuh?" He sallallahu alayhi wa sallam replied: 'Ten centuries.' He asked: "O Messenger of Allah! How many Messengers were there in total?" He sallallahu alayhi wa sallam replied: 'Three hundred and fifteen.' (Al-Mu'jam al-Awsat by al-Tabarani: 1/24, 2/398, Al-Mu'jam al-Kabir by al-Tabarani: 8/139, Al-Hakim: 2/262, Silsilah al-Sahihah: 2668)
Shaykh al-Albani rahimahullah, mentioning the supporting narrations, said: A portion of the lengthy hadith of Abu Umamah radi Allahu anhu is as follows: I said: "O Prophet of Allah! Who was the first Prophet?" He sallallahu alayhi wa sallam replied: "Adam alayhis salam." I said: "O Prophet of Allah! Was Adam a Prophet?" He sallallahu alayhi wa sallam replied: "Yes, yes, he was a Prophet who was spoken to (by Allah). Allah created him with His own hand, then breathed into him of His spirit, then said to him: 'Adam! Become a figure.'" I said: "O Messenger of Allah! How many Prophets were there?" He sallallahu alayhi wa sallam replied: "One hundred and twenty-four thousand Prophets, among whom the number of Messengers was (315), a great multitude." (Ahmad: 5/265)
Consider the following hadith, narrated through two chains, regarding the number of Prophets and Messengers:
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Umamah radi Allahu anhu, who said: "A man asked: O Messenger of Allah! Was Adam a Prophet?" He sallallahu alayhi wa sallam replied: 'Yes, he was taught and spoken to (by Allah).' He asked: "What was the time span between him and Nuh?" He sallallahu alayhi wa sallam replied: 'Ten centuries (or ten generations).' He asked: "What was the time span between Nuh and Ibrahim?" He sallallahu alayhi wa sallam replied: 'Ten centuries.' Then the Companions asked: "O Messenger of Allah! How many Messengers have passed in total?" He sallallahu alayhi wa sallam replied: 'Three hundred and fifteen, a great multitude.'
(Al-Hakim: 2/262, Al-Mu'jam al-Kabir by al-Tabarani: 8/139, Silsilah al-Sahihah: 3289)
Shaykh al-Albani rahimahullah, mentioning a mawquf witness for this hadith, said: Sayyiduna Abdullah ibn Abbas said: "Between Nuh and Adam were ten centuries; all the people were upon the true Shari'ah, then differences arose, so Allah began sending Prophets to give glad tidings and to warn." Abdullah ibn Mas'ud's recitation was: {کَانَ النَّاسُ اُمَّۃً وَّاحِـدَۃً فَاخْتَلَفُوْا} (Tafsir al-Tabari: 2/194, Al-Hakim: 2/546)
In this is the statement of an important benefit: that in the beginning, people were one community, pure monotheism (tawhid) was their religion, then later traces of polytheism (shirk) appeared among them. This refutes those philosophers and atheists who say that originally there was polytheism, and later monotheism came into existence. (Silsilah al-Sahihah: 3289)
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Umamah radi Allahu anhu, who said: "A man asked: O Messenger of Allah! Was Adam a Prophet?" He sallallahu alayhi wa sallam replied: 'Yes, he was one who was spoken to (by Allah).' He asked: "What was the time span between him and Nuh?" He sallallahu alayhi wa sallam replied: 'Ten centuries.' He asked: "O Messenger of Allah! How many Messengers were there in total?" He sallallahu alayhi wa sallam replied: 'Three hundred and fifteen.' (Al-Mu'jam al-Awsat by al-Tabarani: 1/24, 2/398, Al-Mu'jam al-Kabir by al-Tabarani: 8/139, Al-Hakim: 2/262, Silsilah al-Sahihah: 2668)
Shaykh al-Albani rahimahullah, mentioning the supporting narrations, said: A portion of the lengthy hadith of Abu Umamah radi Allahu anhu is as follows: I said: "O Prophet of Allah! Who was the first Prophet?" He sallallahu alayhi wa sallam replied: "Adam alayhis salam." I said: "O Prophet of Allah! Was Adam a Prophet?" He sallallahu alayhi wa sallam replied: "Yes, yes, he was a Prophet who was spoken to (by Allah). Allah created him with His own hand, then breathed into him of His spirit, then said to him: 'Adam! Become a figure.'" I said: "O Messenger of Allah! How many Prophets were there?" He sallallahu alayhi wa sallam replied: "One hundred and twenty-four thousand Prophets, among whom the number of Messengers was (315), a great multitude." (Ahmad: 5/265)
