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الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
تفسير من سورة محمد إلى سورة التحريمInterpretation from Surah Muhammad to Surah At-Tahrim
بَابُ:« قَدْ فَرَضَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ تَحِلَّةَ أَيْمَانِكُمْ»Chapter: "Allah has ordained for you the dissolution of your oaths"
Hadith 8803
اُردوEn
عَنْ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا تُخْبِرُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَمْكُثُ عِنْدَ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ جَحْشٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا وَيَشْرَبُ عِنْدَهَا عَسَلًا فَتَوَاصَيْتُ أَنَا وَحَفْصَةُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا أَنَّ أَيَّتَنَا مَا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلْتَقُلْ إِنِّي أَجِدُ مِنْكَ رِيحَ مَغَافِيرَ أَكَلْتَ مَغَافِيرَ فَدَخَلَ عَلَى إِحْدَاهُمَا فَقَالَتْ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ ((بَلْ شَرِبْتُ عَسَلًا عِنْدَ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ جَحْشٍ وَلَنْ أَعُودَ لَهُ)) فَنَزَلَتْ {لِمَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ لَكَ} {إِنْ تَتُوبَا} لِعَائِشَةَ وَحَفْصَةَ {وَإِذْ أَسَرَّ النَّبِيُّ إِلَى بَعْضِ أَزْوَاجِهِ} [التحريم: 1-4] لِقَوْلِهِ ((بَلْ شَرِبْتُ عَسَلًا))
It is narrated from Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to stay with Sayyida Zainab bint Jahsh (may Allah be pleased with her), and he would drink honey at her place. I (Aisha) and Hafsa both devised a scheme that whichever of us the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) visited, she should say: "I find the smell of maghafir from you; have you eaten maghafir?" So when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) entered upon one of us, she said the same thing. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) replied: "I drank honey at Zainab's place; I will never drink it again." Then these verses were revealed: {لِمَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا أَ حَلَّ اللّٰہُ لَکَ} … O Prophet, why do you forbid what Allah has made lawful for you? {إِنْ تَتُوبَا} … If you two turn in repentance to Allah. This refers to Sayyida Aisha and Sayyida Hafsa (may Allah be pleased with them). And {وَإِذْ أَسَرَّ النَّبِیُّ إِلٰی بَعْضِ أَ زْوَاجِہِ} … And when the Prophet confided a matter to one of his wives. This refers to the Prophet's (peace and blessings be upon him) statement: "Rather, I drank honey."
Brief Explanation
Benefits: … Maghafir is a type of flower that has an unpleasant odor.
These were the following verses: {یٰٓاَیُّہَا النَّبِیُّ لِمَ تُحَرِّمُ مَآ اَحَلَّ اللّٰہُ لَکَ تَبْتَغِیْ مَرْضَاتَ اَزْوَاجِکَ وَاللّٰہُ غَفُوْرٌ رَّحِیْمٌ۔ قَدْ فَرَضَ اللّٰہُ لَکُمْ تَحِلَّۃَ اَیْمَانِکُمْ وَاللّٰہُ مَوْلٰیکُمْ وَہُوَ الْعَلِیْمُ الْحَکِیْمُ۔ وَاِذْ اَسَرَّ النَّبِیُّ اِلٰی بَعْضِ اَزْوَاجِہٖحَدِیْثًا فَلَمَّا نَبَّاَتْ بِہٖوَاَظْہَرَہُاللّٰہُعَلَیْہِ عَرَّفَ بَعْضَہ وَاَعْرَضَ عَنْ بَعْضٍ فَلَمَّا نَبَّاَہَا بِہٖقَالَتْمَنْاَنْبَاَکَہٰذَاقَالَنَبَّاَنِیَ الْعَلِیْمُ الْخَبِیْرُ۔ اِنْ تَتُوْبَآ اِلَی اللّٰہِ فَقَدْ صَغَتْ قُلُوْبُکُمَا وَاِنْ تَظٰہَرَا عَلَیْہِ فَاِنَّ اللّٰہَ ہُوَ مَوْلٰیہُ وَجِبْرِیْلُ وَصَالِحُ الْمُؤْمِنِیْنَ وَالْمَلٰئِکَۃُ بَعْدَ ذٰلِکَ ظَہِیْرٌ۔}
O Prophet! Why do you prohibit what Allah has made lawful for you? You seek the pleasure of your wives, and Allah is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful. Indeed, Allah has ordained for you the expiation of your oaths, and Allah is your Protector, and He is the All-Knowing, Most Wise. And when the Prophet confided a matter in secret to one of his wives, then when she disclosed it and Allah made it known to him, he made known part of it and overlooked part. Then when he informed her about it, she said, “Who informed you of this?” He said, “I was informed by the All-Knowing, the All-Aware.” If you both turn in repentance to Allah, (it is best), for your hearts have deviated; but if you support each other against him, then indeed Allah is his Protector, and Gabriel and the righteous believers and, after that, the angels are his supporters.
Regarding the circumstances of revelation (shan-e-nuzul) of these opening verses of this surah, the commentators have different opinions; one incident is mentioned in this hadith. It is understood from this that no one has the authority to declare unlawful what Allah has made lawful, not even the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) himself.
These were the following verses: {یٰٓاَیُّہَا النَّبِیُّ لِمَ تُحَرِّمُ مَآ اَحَلَّ اللّٰہُ لَکَ تَبْتَغِیْ مَرْضَاتَ اَزْوَاجِکَ وَاللّٰہُ غَفُوْرٌ رَّحِیْمٌ۔ قَدْ فَرَضَ اللّٰہُ لَکُمْ تَحِلَّۃَ اَیْمَانِکُمْ وَاللّٰہُ مَوْلٰیکُمْ وَہُوَ الْعَلِیْمُ الْحَکِیْمُ۔ وَاِذْ اَسَرَّ النَّبِیُّ اِلٰی بَعْضِ اَزْوَاجِہٖحَدِیْثًا فَلَمَّا نَبَّاَتْ بِہٖوَاَظْہَرَہُاللّٰہُعَلَیْہِ عَرَّفَ بَعْضَہ وَاَعْرَضَ عَنْ بَعْضٍ فَلَمَّا نَبَّاَہَا بِہٖقَالَتْمَنْاَنْبَاَکَہٰذَاقَالَنَبَّاَنِیَ الْعَلِیْمُ الْخَبِیْرُ۔ اِنْ تَتُوْبَآ اِلَی اللّٰہِ فَقَدْ صَغَتْ قُلُوْبُکُمَا وَاِنْ تَظٰہَرَا عَلَیْہِ فَاِنَّ اللّٰہَ ہُوَ مَوْلٰیہُ وَجِبْرِیْلُ وَصَالِحُ الْمُؤْمِنِیْنَ وَالْمَلٰئِکَۃُ بَعْدَ ذٰلِکَ ظَہِیْرٌ۔}
O Prophet! Why do you prohibit what Allah has made lawful for you? You seek the pleasure of your wives, and Allah is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful. Indeed, Allah has ordained for you the expiation of your oaths, and Allah is your Protector, and He is the All-Knowing, Most Wise. And when the Prophet confided a matter in secret to one of his wives, then when she disclosed it and Allah made it known to him, he made known part of it and overlooked part. Then when he informed her about it, she said, “Who informed you of this?” He said, “I was informed by the All-Knowing, the All-Aware.” If you both turn in repentance to Allah, (it is best), for your hearts have deviated; but if you support each other against him, then indeed Allah is his Protector, and Gabriel and the righteous believers and, after that, the angels are his supporters.
Regarding the circumstances of revelation (shan-e-nuzul) of these opening verses of this surah, the commentators have different opinions; one incident is mentioned in this hadith. It is understood from this that no one has the authority to declare unlawful what Allah has made lawful, not even the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) himself.
