عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ الْيَهُودَ كَانُوا يَقُولُونَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَامٌ عَلَيْكَ ثُمَّ يَقُولُونَ فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ لَوْلَا يُعَذِّبُنَا اللَّهُ بِمَا نَقُولُ فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ وَإِذَا جَاءُوكَ حَيَّوْكَ بِمَا لَمْ يُحَيِّكَ بِهِ اللَّهُ [سورة المجادلة: ٨] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Amr (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Jews used to say to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), "Sām ‘alayka" (death be upon you), and then would say in their hearts: Why does Allah not punish us for what we say? Then this verse was revealed: {وَاِذَا جَاء ُوْکَ حَیَّوْکَ بِمَا لَمْ یُحَیِّکَ بِہِ اللّٰہُ وَیَقُوْلُوْنَ فِیْٓ اَنْفُسِہِمْ لَوْلَا یُعَذِّبُنَا اللّٰہُ بِمَا نَقُوْلُ حَسْبُہُمْ جَہَنَّمُ یَصْلَوْنَہَا فَبِئْسَ الْمَصِیْرُ۔} … And when they come to you, they greet you with words with which Allah has not greeted you, and they say in their hearts: Why does Allah not punish us for what we say? Hell is sufficient for them; they will enter it, and what an evil destination it is.