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الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
تفسير من سورة القصص إلى سورة الأحقافInterpretation from Surah Al-Qasas to Surah Al-Ahqaf
بَابُ: «إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ البيت»Chapter: "Indeed, Allah intends only to remove from you the impurity, O people of the [Prophet's] household"
Hadith 8708
اُردوEn
عَنْ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ أَقْبَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ يَسْتَأْذِنُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَالنَّاسُ بِبَابِهِ جُلُوسٌ فَلَمْ يُؤْذَنْ لَهُ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَاسْتَأْذَنَ فَلَمْ يُؤْذَنْ لَهُ ثُمَّ أُذِنَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ فَدَخَلَا وَالنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَالِسٌ وَحَوْلَهُ نِسَاؤُهُ وَهُوَ سَاكِتٌ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ لَأُكَلِّمَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَعَلَّهُ يَضْحَكُ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَوْ رَأَيْتَ بِنْتَ زَيْدٍ امْرَأَةَ عُمَرَ فَسَأَلَتْنِي النَّفَقَةَ آنِفًا فَوَجَأْتُ عُنُقَهَا فَضَحِكَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى بَدَا نَوَاجِذُهُ قَالَ هُنَّ حَوْلِي كَمَا تَرَى يَسْأَلْنَنِي النَّفَقَةَ فَقَامَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِلَى عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا لِيَضْرِبَهَا وَقَامَ عُمَرُ إِلَى حَفْصَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا كِلَاهُمَا يَقُولَانِ تَسْأَلَانِ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ فَنَهَاهُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقُلْنَ نِسَاؤُهُ وَاللَّهِ لَا نَسْأَلُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعْدَ هَذَا الْمَجْلِسِ مَا لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ قَالَ وَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ الْخِيَارَ فَبَدَأَ بِعَائِشَةَ فَقَالَ إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَذْكُرَ لَكِ أَمْرًا مَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَعْجَلِي فِيهِ حَتَّى تَسْتَأْمِرِي أَبَوَيْكِ قَالَتْ مَا هُوَ قَالَ فَتَلَا عَلَيْهَا يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ قُلْ لِأَزْوَاجِكَ [سورة الأحزاب: ٢٨] قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ أَفِيكَ أَسْتَأْمِرُ أَبَوَيَّ بَلْ أَخْتَارُ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَأَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ لَا تَذْكُرَ لِامْرَأَةٍ مِنْ نِسَائِكَ مَا اخْتَرْتُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَمْ يَبْعَثْنِي مُعَنِّفًا وَلَكِنْ بَعَثَنِي مُعَلِّمًا مُيَسِّرًا لَا تَسْأَلُنِي امْرَأَةٌ مِنْهُنَّ عَمَّا اخْتَرْتِ إِلَّا أَخْبَرْتُهَا حَدَّثَنَا رَوْحٌ حَدَّثَنَا زَكَرِيَّا حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ حَوْلَهُ نِسَاؤُهُ وَاجِمٌ وَقَالَ لَمْ يَبْعَثْنِي مُعَنِّتًا أَوْ مُفَتِّنًا
Narrated from Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with them both): Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and sought permission to enter. People were sitting at the door of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) was not granted permission. Then Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) came and sought permission, but he too was not granted permission. Then both Sayyiduna Abu Bakr and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) were granted permission, and they both entered. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was sitting, and around him were his wives. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was silent. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "I will certainly say something that will make the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) smile." Then he said: "O Messenger of Allah! If only you had seen, when my wife bint Zayd (may Allah be pleased with her) demanded expenses from me, I struck her on the neck with my fist." The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) laughed so much that his molar teeth became visible. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "These are my wives, as you see, gathered around me to ask for expenses." Hearing this, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up to strike Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) stood up to strike Sayyida Hafsa (may Allah be pleased with her), and both of them said to them: "Are you demanding from the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) something which he does not possess?" The wives of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "By Allah! After today, we will not demand from you what is not within your means." Then Allah Almighty revealed those verses in which the option was given. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) first said to Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her): "I am about to say something to you; do not be hasty in replying without consulting your parents." She said: "What is it?" Then the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) recited the verse of option: {Yā ayyuhā al-nabiyyu qul li-azwājika ... ... .} Hearing this, Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "Should I consult my parents about you? I choose Allah and His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him), and I request you not to mention my choice to any of your other wives." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Allah Almighty has not sent me to cause hardship, but has sent me as one who brings ease and teaches. If any of my wives asks about the option, I will certainly explain it to her in detail."
Brief Explanation
Benefits: … The command of Allah the Exalted is: {یٰٓاَیُّہَا النَّبِیُّ قُلْ لِّاَزْوَاجِکَ اِنْ کُنْتُنَّ تُرِدْنَ الْحَیٰوۃَ الدُّنْیَا وَزِیْنَتَہَا فَتَعَالَیْنَ اُمَتِّعْکُنَّ وَاُسَرِّحْکُنَّ سَرَاحًا جَمِیْلًا۔ وَاِنْ کُنْتُنَّ تُرِدْنَ اللّٰہَ وَرَسُوْلَہ وَالدَّارَ الْاٰخِرَۃَ فَاِنَّ اللّٰہَ اَعَدَّ لِلْمُحْسِنٰتِ مِنْکُنَّ اَجْرًا عَظِیْمًا۔} … O Prophet! Say to your wives: If you desire the life of this world and its adornment, then come, I will provide for you and release you in a gracious manner. But if you desire Allah and His Messenger and the home of the Hereafter, then indeed Allah has prepared a great reward for those of you who do good.
As a result of the conquests, when the condition of the Muslims improved somewhat compared to before, the wives of the Muhajirun and Ansar, upon seeing this, also requested an increase in maintenance and provisions. Due to his preference for simplicity, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam became deeply distressed at this and separated himself from his wives, which continued for a month. Then Allah the Exalted revealed the verses mentioned in the text of Surah al-Ahzab, and placed two options before the wives of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam: whether they wished to remain with the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and seek the betterment of the Hereafter, or whether they desired the life of this world and its splendor. The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam first recited these verses to Sayyidah Aisha radi Allahu anha, who, preferring the Hereafter over worldly life, chose to remain in the marriage with the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. The meaning of the last sentence of the hadith is that there is no need for me to fall into unnecessary formality; if any wife asks about Sayyidah Aisha, I will clarify the matter to her. This is the true love of Sayyidah Aisha radi Allahu anha and the Mothers of the Believers for the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, that they turned away from worldly possessions and preferred him. In these verses, Allah the Exalted commands His Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam to give his wives the choice between two matters: if you are inclined towards the world and its splendor, then come, I will separate you from my marriage; but if you are willing to endure hardship and difficulty here, seeking the pleasure of Allah and the approval of His Messenger, and you prefer the splendor of the Hereafter, then continue to live with me with patience and perseverance—Allah will honor you with the blessings of Paradise. In response, all the Mothers of the Believers preferred Allah, His Messenger, and the home of the Hereafter.
As a result of the conquests, when the condition of the Muslims improved somewhat compared to before, the wives of the Muhajirun and Ansar, upon seeing this, also requested an increase in maintenance and provisions. Due to his preference for simplicity, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam became deeply distressed at this and separated himself from his wives, which continued for a month. Then Allah the Exalted revealed the verses mentioned in the text of Surah al-Ahzab, and placed two options before the wives of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam: whether they wished to remain with the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and seek the betterment of the Hereafter, or whether they desired the life of this world and its splendor. The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam first recited these verses to Sayyidah Aisha radi Allahu anha, who, preferring the Hereafter over worldly life, chose to remain in the marriage with the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. The meaning of the last sentence of the hadith is that there is no need for me to fall into unnecessary formality; if any wife asks about Sayyidah Aisha, I will clarify the matter to her. This is the true love of Sayyidah Aisha radi Allahu anha and the Mothers of the Believers for the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, that they turned away from worldly possessions and preferred him. In these verses, Allah the Exalted commands His Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam to give his wives the choice between two matters: if you are inclined towards the world and its splendor, then come, I will separate you from my marriage; but if you are willing to endure hardship and difficulty here, seeking the pleasure of Allah and the approval of His Messenger, and you prefer the splendor of the Hereafter, then continue to live with me with patience and perseverance—Allah will honor you with the blessings of Paradise. In response, all the Mothers of the Believers preferred Allah, His Messenger, and the home of the Hereafter.
