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الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
تفسير من سورة الأنفال إلى سورة الرعدInterpretation from Surah Al-Anfal to Surah Ar-Ra'd
بَابُ: «مَا كَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرُوا الْمُشْرِكِينَ۔۔۔۔۔»إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَتَيْنِChapter: "It is not for the Prophet and those who have believed to ask forgiveness for the polytheists...to the end of the two verses"
Hadith 8626
اُردوEn
عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ لَمَّا حَضَرَتْ أَبَا طَالِبٍ الْوَفَاةُ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَعِنْدَهُ أَبُو جَهْلٍ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ فَقَالَ أَيْ عَمِّ قُلْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ كَلِمَةً أُحَاجُّ بِهَا لَكَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَقَالَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ يَا أَبَا طَالِبٍ أَتَرْغَبُ عَنْ مِلَّةِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ قَالَ فَلَمْ يَزَالَا يُكَلِّمَانِهِ حَتَّى قَالَ آخِرَ شَيْءٍ كَلَّمَهُمْ بِهِ عَلَى مِلَّةِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَأَسْتَغْفِرَنَّ لَكَ مَا لَمْ أُنْهَ عَنْكَ فَنَزَلَتْ مَا كَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرُوا لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ وَلَوْ كَانُوا أُولِي قُرْبَى مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْجَحِيمِ [سورة التوبة: ١١٣] قَالَ فَنَزَلَتْ فِيهِ إِنَّكَ لَا تَهْدِي مَنْ أَحْبَبْتَ [سورة القصص: ٥٦]
It is narrated from Musayyib that when the time of Abu Talib’s death approached, the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) entered upon him, while Abu Jahl and Abdullah bin Umayyah were also sitting with him. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: O my uncle, say: LAA ILAAHA ILLALLAH (There is no god but Allah), this is a word by which I will argue for you before Allah. Abu Jahl and Abdullah bin Umayyah said: O Abu Talib! Will you turn away from the religion of Abdul Muttalib? They kept repeating this and inciting him until Abu Talib’s last words were that he was (dying) upon the religion of Abdul Muttalib. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: I will continue to seek forgiveness for you until I am forbidden. Then this verse was revealed: {مَا کَانَ لِلنَّبِیِّ وَالَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْٓا اَنْ یَّسْتَغْفِرُوْا لِلْمُشْرِکِیْنَ وَلَوْ کَانُوْٓا اُولِیْ قُرْبٰی مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا تَبَیَّنَ لَھُمْ اَنَّھُمْ اَصْحٰبُ الْجَحِیْمِ۔} … It is not for the Prophet and those who believe to ask forgiveness for the polytheists, even if they are relatives, after it has become clear to them that they are companions of Hellfire. And this verse was also revealed: {اِنَّکَ لَا تَہْدِیْ مَنْ اَحْبَبْتَ وَلٰکِنَّ اللّٰہَ یَہْدِیْ مَنْ یَّشَائُ وَہُوَ اَعْلَمُ بِالْمُہْتَدِیْنَ۔} … Surely, you do not guide whom you love, but Allah guides whom He wills, and He knows best those who are guided.
Brief Explanation
Benefits: … Imam Nawawi said: There is consensus among the commentators that the verse {اِنَّکَ لَا تَہْدِیْ … } was revealed regarding Abu Talib. The meaning of this verse is that guidance is solely within Allah’s power, and whether someone accepts guidance or not is not within the control of the Noble Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam). The only duty upon you (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) is to convey the message of Allah Ta’ala; the owner of guidance is Allah Ta’ala. He, with His wisdom, grants the ability to accept guidance to whomever He wills. As Allah Ta’ala says: {لَیْسَ عَلَیْکَ ھُدٰھُمْ} … It is not upon you to guide them. And Allah Ta’ala also says: {وَمَآ اَکْثَرُ النَّاسِ وَلَوْ حَرَصْتَ بِمُؤْمِنِیْنَ} … Even though you ardently desire it, most of them will not be believers. It is in Allah’s knowledge who is deserving of guidance and who is deserving of misguidance.
