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الفتح الربانی
Fath al-Rabbani
أبواب كيفية نزول القرآنChapters on How the Qur'an Was Revealed
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي تَأْلِيفِ الْقُرَآنِ وَجَمْعِهِ فِي خِلَافَةِ ابي بكر رضي الله عنهChapter on What Has Been Reported Regarding the Compilation of the Qur’an and Its Collection During the Caliphate of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him)
Hadith 8406
اُردوEn
عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ مَقْتَلَ أَهْلِ الْيَمَامَةِ فَإِذَا عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عِنْدَهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِنَّ عُمَرَ أَتَانِي فَقَالَ إِنَّ الْقَتْلَ قَدِ اسْتَحَرَّ بِأَهْلِ الْيَمَامَةِ مِنْ قُرَّاءِ الْقُرْآنِ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَأَنَا أَخْشَى أَنْ يَسْتَحِرَّ الْقَتْلُ بِالْقُرَّاءِ فِي الْمَوَاطِنِ فَيَذْهَبَ قُرْآنٌ كَثِيرٌ لَا يُوعَى وَإِنِّي أَرَى أَنْ تَأْمُرَ بِجَمْعِ الْقُرْآنِ فَقُلْتُ لِعُمَرَ وَكَيْفَ أَفْعَلُ شَيْئًا لَمْ يَفْعَلْهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ هُوَ وَاللَّهِ خَيْرٌ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يُرَاجِعُنِي فِي ذَلِكَ حَتَّى شَرَحَ اللَّهُ بِذَلِكَ صَدْرِي وَرَأَيْتُ فِيهِ الَّذِي رَأَى عُمَرُ قَالَ زَيْدٌ وَعُمَرُ عِنْدَهُ جَالِسٌ لَا يَتَكَلَّمُ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِنَّكَ شَابٌّ عَاقِلٌ لَا نَتَّهِمُكَ وَقَدْ كُنْتَ تَكْتُبُ الْوَحْيَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَاجْمَعْهُ قَالَ زَيْدٌ فَوَاللَّهِ لَوْ كَلَّفُونِي نَقْلَ جَبَلٍ مِنَ الْجِبَالِ مَا كَانَ بِأَثْقَلَ عَلَيَّ مِمَّا أَمَرَنِي بِهِ مِنْ جَمْعِ الْقُرْآنِ فَقُلْتُ كَيْفَ تَفْعَلُونَ شَيْئًا لَمْ يَفْعَلْهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ
Sayyiduna Zaid bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that after the tragedy of the martyrdom of the memorizers (huffaz) in the Battle of Yamama, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) called me. When I arrived, Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) was also sitting with him. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: This is Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) who has come to me and says that many memorizers of the Qur’an have been martyred in Yamama. I fear that if the martyrdom of the memorizers of the Qur’an continues like this, most of the Qur’an will be lost and will not be preserved. Therefore, in my opinion, an order should be given to compile the Qur’an. But I replied to him: How can I do something which the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) did not do? But he said: By Allah! This is a good deed. Then he kept insisting on this matter with me until Allah Almighty opened my heart and I also liked this opinion. Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) remained silent. Then Sayyiduna Abu Bakr Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) said to me: O Zaid! You are a wise young man and a trustworthy person, and you used to write down the revelation for the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), therefore, you must carry out this task. Sayyiduna Zaid (may Allah be pleased with him) said: By Allah! If they had tasked me to move a mountain, it would not have been as heavy on me as the responsibility they placed on me to compile the Qur’an. So I said: How will you people do something which the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) did not do? However, after their insistence, I accepted this responsibility.
Brief Explanation
Benefits: … In the Prophetic era, the Noble Qur’an was written on various materials, as is proven from the previous chapter. In the era of Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu, the Noble Qur’an was compiled into a single volume. During the caliphate of al-Siddiq, the Battle of Yamamah was fought against the false claimant to prophethood, Musaylimah the Liar. In this battle, more than seven hundred Companions were martyred, most of whom were memorizers (huffaz) and reciters (qurra) of the Qur’an. From this narration, the virtue of Abu Bakr and Umar radi Allahu anhuma is established: the latter gave the opinion regarding the preservation of the Qur’an, and the former brought it to completion. In any case, these two personalities and their helpers are the embodiment of {اِنَّا نَحْنُ نَزَّلْنَا الذِّکْرَ وَاِنَّا لَہٗلَحَافِظُوْنَ}. Sayyiduna Ali radi Allahu anhu said: “The person who will receive the greatest reward regarding the (written) copies of the Qur’an is Abu Bakr. Indeed, Abu Bakr was the first to compile the Qur’an between two covers.” … In the matter of the Qur’anic codices, the one to receive the greatest reward is Sayyiduna Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu; indeed, he was the first person to compile the Noble Qur’an within two covers. (Fada’il al-Qur’an by Abu Ubayd, p. 156; al-Masahif by Ibn Abi Dawud, p. 11)
(Thus, the opinion to compile the Noble Qur’an in one place was first presented by Sayyiduna Umar ibn al-Khattab radi Allahu anhu, the first to give the order to carry out this task was Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq radi Allahu anhu, and the first to practically compile the Qur’an was Sayyiduna Zayd ibn Thabit radi Allahu anhu.) (Abdullah Rafiq)
Hafiz Ibn Kathir rahimahullah, while speaking beautifully about Sayyiduna Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu, said: “So al-Siddiq gathered all that is good and repelled all evils.” (Tafsir Ibn Kathir: 1/25)
(Thus, the opinion to compile the Noble Qur’an in one place was first presented by Sayyiduna Umar ibn al-Khattab radi Allahu anhu, the first to give the order to carry out this task was Sayyiduna Abu Bakr al-Siddiq radi Allahu anhu, and the first to practically compile the Qur’an was Sayyiduna Zayd ibn Thabit radi Allahu anhu.) (Abdullah Rafiq)
Hafiz Ibn Kathir rahimahullah, while speaking beautifully about Sayyiduna Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu, said: “So al-Siddiq gathered all that is good and repelled all evils.” (Tafsir Ibn Kathir: 1/25)
